THUNDERSNOW Krista Debehnke Eastern Washington University
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PRECIPITATION What Does a 60 Percent Chance of Precipitation Mean?
PRECIPITATION What does a 60 percent chance of precipitation mean? http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/canada-weather-forecast-no-50-per-cent-forecast-1.4206067 The probability of (PoP) does not mean • the percent of time precipitation will be observed over the area; or • the percentage of meteorologists who believe precipitation will fall! The most common definition among meteorologists is the probability that at least one one-hundredth inch of liquid-equivalent precipitation will fall in a single spot. Here’s a good way to grasp a PoP of 60 percent: If we had ten tomorrows with identical weather conditions, any given point would receive rain on six (60 percent) of those days. And rain would not fall on four of those days — on any given point. Remember: this PoP is a forecast for 10 potential tomorrows, not a forecast for the next 10 days! Although this may be confusing, weather forecasters have no problem thinking of tomorrow’s weather as a group of potential tomorrows. One thing you can take to the bank: as the PoP increases, precipitation grows more likely. In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. So many types… Rain Sleet Drizzle Hail Snow Graupel Thundersnow Fog and mist are technically SUSPENSIONS and not precipitation SYMBOLS RAINSHOWERS are identified on weather maps as a dot over a triangle Heavier rain as a series of dots, more when rain is heavier Rain - and other forms of precipitation - occur when Basically… warm moist air cools and condensation occurs. -
Proximity Sounding Composites of Midwestern Thundersnow Events
P4.2 PROXIMITY SOUNDING COMPOSITES OF MIDWESTERN THUNDERSNOW EVENTS Patrick S. Market*,1, Angela M. Oravetz1, David Gaede2, Evan Bookbinder2, Brian Pettegrew1, and Rashida Thomas1 1Department of Atmospheric Science 2National Weather Service Forecast Office University of Missouri-Columbia Springfield, MO Columbia, MO 1. INTRODUCTION Sounding profiles of the atmosphere during thundersnow analysis of rawinsonde data. are examined. Horizontal composite fields (Market et al. This work is patterned after Curran and Pearson 2004, this volume) paint a vivid portrait of an active (1971); a reanalysis of their sounding profile is snowstorm, but fail to distinguish clearly a typical cyclone reproduced in Figure 1. Proximity soundings were found from one that harbors an electrified cloud and in 12 thundersnow events and are discussed and defined thundersnow. Proximity soundings were found in 12 presently. Four of the events occurred at the exact time thundersnow events and are defined and discussed and location of a sounding. Four of the events occurred presently. at the exact time of a sounding but were not at the exact These profiles add value to the horizontal composites location the sounding occurred; the location of produced previously, which revealed thundersnow events thundersnow was within 90 nautical miles (nmi; 166.68 to be occurring in otherwise unremarkable, snow bearing km) of the sounding station. The remaining four cases extratropical cyclones. Working on the assumption that occurred within 90 nmi of the sounding station and the some feature (instability) makes these events unique, and thundersnow report occurred in a window of zero to that convection resulting from instability is the source of three hours after the rawinsonde was released. -
Songs by Artist
Reil Entertainment Songs by Artist Karaoke by Artist Title Title &, Caitlin Will 12 Gauge Address In The Stars Dunkie Butt 10 Cc 12 Stones Donna We Are One Dreadlock Holiday 19 Somethin' Im Mandy Fly Me Mark Wills I'm Not In Love 1910 Fruitgum Co Rubber Bullets 1, 2, 3 Redlight Things We Do For Love Simon Says Wall Street Shuffle 1910 Fruitgum Co. 10 Years 1,2,3 Redlight Through The Iris Simon Says Wasteland 1975 10, 000 Maniacs Chocolate These Are The Days City 10,000 Maniacs Love Me Because Of The Night Sex... Because The Night Sex.... More Than This Sound These Are The Days The Sound Trouble Me UGH! 10,000 Maniacs Wvocal 1975, The Because The Night Chocolate 100 Proof Aged In Soul Sex Somebody's Been Sleeping The City 10Cc 1Barenaked Ladies Dreadlock Holiday Be My Yoko Ono I'm Not In Love Brian Wilson (2000 Version) We Do For Love Call And Answer 11) Enid OS Get In Line (Duet Version) 112 Get In Line (Solo Version) Come See Me It's All Been Done Cupid Jane Dance With Me Never Is Enough It's Over Now Old Apartment, The Only You One Week Peaches & Cream Shoe Box Peaches And Cream Straw Hat U Already Know What A Good Boy Song List Generator® Printed 11/21/2017 Page 1 of 486 Licensed to Greg Reil Reil Entertainment Songs by Artist Karaoke by Artist Title Title 1Barenaked Ladies 20 Fingers When I Fall Short Dick Man 1Beatles, The 2AM Club Come Together Not Your Boyfriend Day Tripper 2Pac Good Day Sunshine California Love (Original Version) Help! 3 Degrees I Saw Her Standing There When Will I See You Again Love Me Do Woman In Love Nowhere Man 3 Dog Night P.S. -
Analysis of Thundersnow Storms Over Northern Colorado
DECEMBER 2015 K U M J I A N A N D D E I E R L I N G 1469 Analysis of Thundersnow Storms over Northern Colorado MATTHEW R. KUMJIAN Department of Meteorology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania WIEBKE DEIERLING Research Applications Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research,* Boulder, Colorado (Manuscript received 13 January 2015, in final form 12 August 2015) ABSTRACT Lightning flashes during snowstorms occur infrequently compared to warm-season convection. The rarity of such thundersnow events poses an additional hazard because the lightning is unexpected. Because cloud electrification in thundersnow storms leads to relatively few lightning discharges, studying thundersnow events may offer insights into mechanisms for charging and possible thresholds required for lightning dis- charges. Observations of four northern Colorado thundersnow events that occurred during the 2012/13 winter are presented. Four thundersnow events in one season strongly disagrees with previous climatologies that used surface reports, implying thundersnow may be more common than previously thought. Total lightning information from the Colorado Lightning Mapping Array and data from conterminous United States light- ning detection networks are examined to investigate the snowstorms’ electrical properties and to compare them to typical warm-season thunderstorms. Data from polarimetric WSR-88Ds near Denver, Colorado, and Cheyenne, Wyoming, are used to reveal the storms’ microphysical structure and determine operationally relevant signatures related to storm electrification. Most lightning occurred within convective cells containing graupel and pristine ice. However, one flash occurred in a stratiform snowband, apparently triggered by a tower. Depolarization streaks were observed in the radar data prior to the flash, indicating electric fields strong enough to orient pristine ice crystals. -
February 9-10, 2017
Northeast U.S. Winter Storm February 9 - 10, 2017 By: Allison Santorelli, WPC meteorologist Meteorological Overview: A quick moving, yet intense, storm brought heavy snowfall and blizzard conditions to portions of the Northeast U.S. between 9 - 10 February, 2017. A strong cold front moved through the Northeast on 8 February, with sections of eastern New York and New Jersey seeing afternoon high temperatures near 60 degrees Fahrenheit prior to its passage. By the next day however, high temperatures struggled to get above 30 degrees Fahrenheit with heavy snow and blizzard conditions. Around the same time that the strong cold front was ushering very cold air into the Northeast, an upper level shortwave was intensifying as it moved eastward across the middle Mississippi and Tennessee Valleys (Figure 1). Initially, this produced light to moderate snowfall, generally less than 6”, across portions of the Ohio Valley (Figure 2). Meanwhile, the energy at the base of this trough interacted with the cold front and a wave of low pressure formed along the boundary in the Mid-Atlantic. Moderate to heavy snowfall spread eastward into northern portions of the Mid-Atlantic and eventually the Northeast by 12 UTC on 9 February. This low pressure center rapidly deepened as it moved up the Northeast coast on 9 February 2017, with the central pressure dropping more than 24 hPa in 24 hours, undergoing what can be referred to as “bombogenesis”. A strong baroclinic zone in the lower levels combined with favorable upper level divergence also helped to intensify snowfall across the Northeast on 9 February, with several reports across New York and southern New England of snowfall rates as high as 4 inches per hour, very low visibility, blizzard conditions, and even thundersnow. -
Songs by Title
Karaoke Song Book Songs by Title Title Artist Title Artist #1 Nelly 18 And Life Skid Row #1 Crush Garbage 18 'til I Die Adams, Bryan #Dream Lennon, John 18 Yellow Roses Darin, Bobby (doo Wop) That Thing Parody 19 2000 Gorillaz (I Hate) Everything About You Three Days Grace 19 2000 Gorrilaz (I Would Do) Anything For Love Meatloaf 19 Somethin' Mark Wills (If You're Not In It For Love) I'm Outta Here Twain, Shania 19 Somethin' Wills, Mark (I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone Monkees, The 19 SOMETHING WILLS,MARK (Now & Then) There's A Fool Such As I Presley, Elvis 192000 Gorillaz (Our Love) Don't Throw It All Away Andy Gibb 1969 Stegall, Keith (Sitting On The) Dock Of The Bay Redding, Otis 1979 Smashing Pumpkins (Theme From) The Monkees Monkees, The 1982 Randy Travis (you Drive Me) Crazy Britney Spears 1982 Travis, Randy (Your Love Has Lifted Me) Higher And Higher Coolidge, Rita 1985 BOWLING FOR SOUP 03 Bonnie & Clyde Jay Z & Beyonce 1985 Bowling For Soup 03 Bonnie & Clyde Jay Z & Beyonce Knowles 1985 BOWLING FOR SOUP '03 Bonnie & Clyde Jay Z & Beyonce Knowles 1985 Bowling For Soup 03 Bonnie And Clyde Jay Z & Beyonce 1999 Prince 1 2 3 Estefan, Gloria 1999 Prince & Revolution 1 Thing Amerie 1999 Wilkinsons, The 1, 2, 3, 4, Sumpin' New Coolio 19Th Nervous Breakdown Rolling Stones, The 1,2 STEP CIARA & M. ELLIOTT 2 Become 1 Jewel 10 Days Late Third Eye Blind 2 Become 1 Spice Girls 10 Min Sorry We've Stopped Taking Requests 2 Become 1 Spice Girls, The 10 Min The Karaoke Show Is Over 2 Become One SPICE GIRLS 10 Min Welcome To Karaoke Show 2 Faced Louise 10 Out Of 10 Louchie Lou 2 Find U Jewel 10 Rounds With Jose Cuervo Byrd, Tracy 2 For The Show Trooper 10 Seconds Down Sugar Ray 2 Legit 2 Quit Hammer, M.C. -
A Comparison of Two Cases of Low-Latitude Thundersnow
Atmósfera 22(3), 315-330 (2009) A comparison of two cases of low-latitude thundersnow G. DOLIF NETO Centro de Previsao del Tempo e Estudos Climáticos- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São Paulo, Brazil P. S. MARKET, A. E. BECKER, B. PETTEGREW, C. MELICK, C. SCHULTZ, P. I. BUCKLEY, J. V. CLARK, A. R. LUPO Department of Soil, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, MO, USA Corresponding author: P. S. Market; e-mail: [email protected] R. HOLLE, N. DEMETRIADES Vaisala Incorporated, Tucson, AZ, USA C. E. BARBIERI Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism, University of Missouri-Columbia, MO, USA Received April 16, 2008; accepted May 11, 2009 RESUMEN Se examinan dos eventos de nevada con relámpagos en latitudes bajas a fin de identificar sus características. Ambos eventos se originaron a escala sinóptica y tuvieron impactos de pequeña escala (por ejemplo, ascenso orográfico e inestabilidad elevada). El primer evento ocurrió en el hemisferio sur y se desarrolló a finales del invierno influenciado por la orografía subyacente. Este evento presentó abundancia de relámpagos (94 destellos nube-suelo en la región); sin embargo, la acumulación de nieve fue insignificante. Este evento fue dominado por relámpagos con polaridad negativa, con una amplitud máxima promedio de -43.2 kA. El segundo evento fue un caso de convección elevada en el hemisferio norte con frontogénesis debajo de una capa extensa de inestabilidad potencial. Este evento también presentó abundantes relámpagos (706 destellos nube-suelo en la región), así como considerable acumulación de nieve sobre un área extensa. Este evento también fue dominado por relámpagos con polaridad negativa, con una amplitud máxima promedio de -23.7 kA. -
Lake-Effect Snowstorms in Northern Utah and Western New York with and Without Lightning
DECEMBER 1999 NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE 1023 Lake-Effect Snowstorms in Northern Utah and Western New York with and without Lightning DAVID M. SCHULTZ NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, Oklahoma 26 March 1999 and 3 June 1999 ABSTRACT Lake-effect snowstorms in northern Utah and western New York with and without lightning/thunder are examined. Lake-effect snowstorms with lightning have signi®cantly higher temperatures and dewpoints in the lower troposphere and signi®cantly lower lifted indices than lake-effect snowstorms without lightning. In contrast, there is little difference in dewpoint depressions between events with and without lightning. Surface-to-700-hPa temperature differences (a surrogate for lower-tropospheric lapse rate) for events with and without lightning differ signi®cantly for events in northern Utah, but not for those in western New York. Nearly all events have no convective available potential energy, regardless of the presence of lightning. These results are discussed in the context of current models of storm electri®cation. 1. Introduction lightning-related casualties and damage during the winter is less than during the rest of the year. For example, only Observations of lightning and thunder occurring dur- 0.6% of lightning deaths and 0.7% of lightning injuries ing snowstorms (also known as thundersnow) have been occur during December, January, and February (Holle et reported at least as early as the nineteenth century in al. 1997). Third, thunderstorms with snow tend to pro- Western literature (e.g., Herschel 1888). Thundersnow in duce fewer lightning strikes than thunderstorms with rain. China, however, was viewed as a precursor to military For example, in the eastern U.S. -
American Meteorological Society Weather Analysis and Forecasting (WAF) Committee 2013 Annual Report
American Meteorological Society Weather Analysis and Forecasting (WAF) Committee 2013 Annual Report Due to the active involvement and enthusiasm of our members, the AMS WAF Committee had an extremely successful and productive year. The committee was comprised of fourteen members, three student members, and a chair. The committee met in person at the AMS annual meeting. Three formal teleconference meetings of the full committee were also conducted, a short conference call to finalize annual awards, as well as numerous discussions by the 2014 conference planning committee. Our largest effort was planning for the 26th Weather Analysis and Forecast Conference and the 22nd Numerical Weather Prediction Conference (26 WAF/22 NWP), both to be held in conjunction with the 94th AMS Annual Meeting in Atlanta, February 2014. Here are the specific report details as requested by the STAC Commissioner: 1. Members rotating off the committee after completing six years of dedicated service: a. John Cannon b. Kevin Sharfenberg c. Edward Szoke 2. New members (subject to AMS Council approval): a. Cyrena-Marie Briede (Mount Washington, NH, Observatory) b. Walter Drag (NWS, Mount Holly, NJ) c. Jason Furtado (AER, Lexington, MA) d. Gail Hartfield (NWS, Raleigh, NC) e. Alex Tardy (NWS, San Diego, CA) 3. Conferences, symposiums held during 2013: a. Special Symposium (Jan 9, 2013): We conducted a special symposium, largely at the request of AMS President Louis Uccellini, at the 93rd Annual Meeting in Austin. The one day symposium was entitled “Advancing Weather and Climate Forecasts: Innovative Techniques and Applications.” Kelly Mahoney and Andrew Molthan were the co-chairs and they did a superb job putting it all together, from writing the call for papers to inviting our lead speakers. -
A Climatology of Thundersnow Events Over the Contiguous United States
1290 WEATHER AND FORECASTING VOLUME 17 A Climatology of Thundersnow Events over the Contiguous United States PATRICK S. MARKET,CHRIS E. HALCOMB, AND REBECCA L. EBERT Department of Soil and Atmospheric Sciences, University of MissouriÐColumbia, Columbia, Missouri 15 November 2001 and 21 June 2002 ABSTRACT A ``climatology'' (climatological description of spatial, temporal, and synoptic characteristics) of snow events with thunder is presented for the contiguous United States. Based upon 30 yr of 3-hourly reports from 204 stations in the 48 contiguous United States, 229 reports are extracted from the 3-hourly observations (consistently bearing the present-weather group in each surface observation) that featured thunder with snow only. When these reports are plotted spatially, the central United States, the intermountain west, and the Great Lakes region emerge as the preferred regions for thundersnow occurrence. A thundersnow event is then de®ned. Isolated thundersnow reports clearly constitute a thundersnow event. Also, multiple thundersnow reports that are not separated spatially by over 1100 km or temporally by 6 h are considered part of one event. The location reporting the ®rst occurrence of thunder with snow in such a collection of stations then carries the representative time and location for the event. The 229 individual reports make up 191 thundersnow events. Temporal analysis of thundersnow events reveals a nationwide seasonal preference for occurrence in March but no clear diurnal preference. Most thundersnow events are typically reported at only one station and only rarely in consecutive 3-hourly observations. These results thus reinforce the notion of thundersnow as a fairly localized phenomenon of limited duration. -
Presentation
Remote sensing observations of a Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain Mediterranean 3 - 7 October 2011 thundersnow and low-altitude heavy snowfall event MODIS, NASA MODIS, NASA Joan Bech, Montserrat Aran, Clara Brucet, Nicolau Pineda, Tomeu Rigo, and Eliseu Vilaclara [email protected] Content 1. Introduction (Thundersnow & low altitude snowfalls in Catalonia) 2. Synoptic conditions 3. Remote sensing observations (total lightning, radar) 4. Tower triggered lightning 5. Concluding remarks Introduction • Heavy low altitude snowfalls: in Catalonia are relatively rare events (16 cases in Barcelona from 1947 to 2009; 2 severe) Pages et al (Plinius 2003), Pascual et al (AMS RAD2003), Aran et al (Plinius 2010) • Thundersnows: thunderstorms with snowfall; relatively rare anywhere compared to snowfall & thunderstorm occurrence Miyake et al (IEEE TPD1990), Market et al (WAF 2002), Schultz & Vavrek (Weather 2009), Becker (2007) - Most studies over Japan and USA - Low number of strokes compared to summer tx - Typically CG correlated with heavy snow band Introduction • Heavy low altitude snowfalls: in Catalonia are relatively rare events (16 cases in Barcelona from 1947 to 2009; 2 severe) Pages et al (Plinius 2003), Pascual et al (AMS RAD2003), Aran et al (Plinius 2010) 8 March 2010 • Thundersnows: thunderstorms with snowfall; Heavy low altitude relatively rare anywhere compared to snowfall & Snowfall and thunderstorm occurrence thundersnow Miyake et al (IEEE TPD1990), Market et al (WAF 2002), event in Catalonia Schultz & Vavrek (Weather 2009), -
Request List 619 Songs 01012021
PAT OWENS 3 Doors Down Bill Withers Brothers Osbourne (cont.) Counting Crows Dierks Bentley (cont.) Elvis Presley (cont.) Garth Brooks (cont.) Hank Williams, Jr. Be Like That Ain't No Sunshine Stay A Little Longer Accidentally In Love I Hold On Can't Help Falling In Love Standing Outside the Fire A Country Boy Can Survive Here Without You Big Yellow Taxi Sideways Jailhouse Rock That Summer Family Tradition Kryptonite Billy Currington Bruce Springsteen Long December What Was I Thinking Little Sister To Make You Feel My Love Good Directions Glory Days Mr. Jones Suspicious Minds Two Of A Kind Harry Chapin 4 Non Blondes Must Be Doin' Somethin' Right Rain King Dion That's All Right (Mama) Two Pina Coladas Cat's In The Cradle What's Up (What’s Going On) People Are Crazy Bryan Adams Round Here Runaround Sue Unanswered Prayers Pretty Good At Drinking Beer Heaven Eric Church Hinder 7 Mary 3 Summer of '69 Craig Morgan Dishwalla Drink In My Hand Gary Allan Lips Of An Angel Cumbersome Billy Idol Redneck Yacht Club Counting Blue Cars Jack Daniels Best I Ever Had Rebel Yell Buckcherry That's What I Love About Sundays Round Here Buzz Right Where I Need To Be Hootie and the Blowfish Aaron Lewis Crazy Bitch This Ole Boy The Divinyls Springsteen Smoke Rings In The Dark Hold My Hand Country Boy Billy Joel I Touch Myself Talladega Watching Airplanes Let Her Cry Only The Good Die Young Buffalo Springfield Creed Only Wanna Be With You AC/DC Piano Man For What It's Worth My Sacrifice Dixie Chicks Eric Clapton George Jones Time Shook Me All Night Still Rock And