United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
Case: 08-2306 Document: 26 Filed: 11/23/2010 Pages: 40 In the United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit No. 08-2306 THE NATIONAL SPIRITUAL ASSEMBLY OF THE BAHÁ’ÍS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA UNDER THE HEREDITARY GUARDIANSHIP, INC., Plaintiff, v. NATIONAL SPIRITUAL ASSEMBLY OF THE BAHÁ’ÍS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, INC., Defendant-Appellant, v. FRANKLIN D. SCHLATTER, JOEL B. MARANGELLA, PROVISIONAL NATIONAL BAHÁ’Í COUNCIL OF THE UNITED STATES, et al., Respondents-Appellees. ____________ Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. No. 1:64-cv-01878—Amy J. St. Eve, Judge. ____________ ARGUED FEBRUARY 20, 2009—DECIDED NOVEMBER 23, 2010 ____________ Case: 08-2306 Document: 26 Filed: 11/23/2010 Pages: 40 2 No. 08-2306 Before BAUER, MANION, and SYKES, Circuit Judges. SYKES, Circuit Judge. This appeal is from a civil-contempt proceeding alleging violations of an injunction entered more than four decades ago. The case is complicated not just by the passage of time but also because it arises in the context of a religious schism, and the individuals and groups against whom contempt sanctions are sought were not parties to the original litigation. The underlying suit was a trademark and property dispute between the American Bahá’í church—formally known as the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá’ís of the United States of America, Inc. (“National Spiritual Assembly”)—and a dissident group incorporated in 1964 under the like- sounding name of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá’ís of the United States of America Under the Heredi- tary Guardianship, Inc.
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