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Download Paper DELIVERING ECONOMICAL IP-VIDEO OVER DOCSIS BY BYPASSING THE M- CMTS WITH DIBA Michael Patrick Motorola Connected Home Solutions Abstract CMTS core, DIBA is an architecture for delivery of high-bandwidth entertainment DOCSIS IPTV Bypass Architecture video over DOCSIS to the home for a price (DIBA) DIBA refers to any of a number of per program that matches the cost for techniques whereby downstream IPTV traffic conventional video over MPEG2 delivery to is directly tunneled from an IPTV source to a set-top-boxes. downstream Edge QAM, “bypassing” a DIBA is an innovative bypass DOCSIS M-CMTS core. It will allow architecture in which the conventional operators to deliver economic IP video traffic Modular-CMTS architecture is replaced by a over DOCSIS infrastructure. hybrid architecture consisting of an integrated CMTS and DOCSIS External Physical INTRODUCTION Interface (DEPI) or MPEG Edge QAMs. This paper/presentation will demonstrate the MSOs are considering IP-video and IP effectiveness of DIBA, discuss how operators Television (IPTV) to supplement their current can evolve their infrastructure to implement digital video delivery. IP-based video enables DIBA, discuss alternative bypass new video sources (the Internet) and new encapsulation protocols to tunnel traffic to video destinations (subscriber IPTV playback either DEPI or MPEG Edge QAMs, and devices). outline the economic advantages of DIBA Of course, such a transition to IPTV migration. It will explain how DIBA removes requires significant additional downstream the boundaries of delivering video using a M- DOCSIS® bandwidth. In a reasonable 5-7 CMTS, and how operators can accelerate year “endgame” scenario, VOD is expected to service velocity by efficiently delivering require 26 times the bandwidth of High Speed IPTV services that bypass M-CMTS Data (HSD). What’s more, attempting such an platforms. increase in downstream bandwidth with a conventional Modular-CMTS (M-CMTS) will THE CHALLENGE OF DELIVERING IPTV be expensive. As an alternative, we propose that IP- IP-video and IP Television (IPTV) create video content travel directly to an Edge QAM, opportunities to supplement their current bypassing the M-CMTS core altogether and digital video delivery. IP-based video enables saving local switch and CMTS core capacity. new video sources (the Internet) and new This technique is called the DOCSIS IPTV video destinations (subscriber IPTV playback Bypass Architecture (DIBA). DIBA refers to devices). It should be considered as a delivery any of a number of techniques whereby option of Video on Demand (VOD). downstream IPTV traffic is directly tunneled The extent to which VOD is delivered as from an IPTV source to a downstream Edge IPTV governs the extent to which additional QAM, “bypassing” a DOCSIS M-CMTS core. downstream DOCSIS bandwidth must be By bypassing the high-cost components of the provided for IPTV. Consider a hypothetical 5- 7 year “endgame” scenario where each video subscriber can download “What I Want When I Want” (WIWWIW). Assume a fiber node of AN INTRODUCTION TO DIBA 750 homes passed has 75% video subscriber penetration, and during the busiest video But there is a simple alternative for IPTV viewing hour 50% of the video subscribers support with a M-CMTS: IPTV should be require an average of 10 Mbps VOD content. tunneled directly to the EQAM, bypassing the The total VOD content required to be M-CMTS core altogether. delivered to that single fiber node during the DIBA refers to any of a number of busy hour is thus 750 * .75 * .50 * 10 Mbps = techniques whereby downstream IPTV traffic 2.8 Gbps, or 73 carriers of 6 MHz QAM 256. is directly tunneled from an IPTV source to a What fraction of this “endgame VOD” downstream EQAM, “bypassing” a DOCSIS bandwidth is IPTV over DOCSIS and what M-CMTS core. By bypassing the high-cost fraction is traditional Digital Video to Digital components of the CMTS core, DIBA is an Set-Top Boxes (DSTBs) is anybody’s guess. architecture for the delivery of high- VOD bandwidth swamps High-Speed bandwidth entertainment video over DOCSIS Data (HSD) bandwidth. Last year, most MSO to the home for a price-per-program that deployments offered only 20 Mbps of HSD matches the cost for conventional video over per 750-household fiber node. A reasonable MPEG2 delivery to set-top-boxes. IPTV is by endgame scenario for HSD would provide definition an IP packet with video content 100 Mbps channel bonded service to 50% of from an IP source to an IP destination address. households passed with a 0.25% concurrency, In traditional IPTV, an IPTV server sends for a total HSD fiber node throughput an IP packet to the destination address of a requirement of 750 * 0.5 * .0025 * 100 Mbps subscriber playback device, which we call = 94 Mbps. Thus, under reasonable generically an “IP Set-Top Box” (IPSTB). hypothetical endgame scenarios, VOD is With the M-CMTS architecture forwarding, expected to require 26 times the bandwidth of the IPTV packet is routed through the M- HSD. CMTS core. In a conventional M-CMTS A key goal of the DOCSIS Modular architecture without DIBA, therefore, the CMTS (M-CMTS) architecture was to define IPTV content is forced to make two transits a common Edge QAM (EQAM) architecture through the Converged Interconnect Network that could support a cost-effective transition (CIN) switch that connects regional networks from Digital Video (DV) VOD delivery to with the core CMTS. IPTV VOD delivery over DOCSIS. A The video/IP traffic travels to the M- straightforward strategy of using M-CMTS to CMTS core, then “hairpins” back through the provide IPTV VOD would call for deploying CIN on a DOCSIS External Physical Interface M-CMTS EQAMs for DV-VOD first, and (DEPI) pseudo-wire to the DEPI EQAM. If- adding M-CMTS core capacity as needed to and-when IPTV becomes a significant transition the DV-VOD to IPTV-VOD. As we fraction of overall bandwidth delivered to a have seen, though, the M-CMTS core fiber node, this hairpin forwarding of IPTV capacity used for IPTV-VOD will quickly content will require significant expenditures exceed the CMTS capacity used for HSD. A by MSOs for M-CMTS core and CIN straightforward implementation of M-CMTS switching bandwidth. for IPTV, therefore, will require many times In DIBA, rather than pass through the M- the cost of M-CMTS core capacity as that CMTS core, the high-bandwidth video/IP currently used for HSD. content is tunneled from the IPTV server, through the MSO’s converged interconnect bypass traffic and omit these functions. With network directly to the DIBA EQAMs. The an integrated CMTS and no timestamps in the IPTV emerges from the DIBA EQAM with un-synchronized channels, the DOCSIS full DOCSIS framing, suitable for forwarding Timing Interface which is required in the M- through a DOCSIS cable modem to home IP CMTS architecture is not necessary in DIBA. devices. This architecture will deliver high- In DIBA, a DOCSIS 3.0 cable modem bandwidth entertainment video/IP/DOCSIS to requires only one synchronized channel from the home for a price-per-QAM that matches the existing integrated CMTS to provide that of the most advanced, cost reduced timing, control the upstream transmissions, MPEG2 EQAMs. and provide the other MAC functions. The DOCSIS 3.0 cable modem will receive REDUCING DELIVERY COSTS video/IP on additional un-synchronized, inexpensive, DIBA-generated channels, which Operators can deploy independently can even be bonded. scalable numbers of downstream channels without changing the MAC domain or the LEVERAGING EXISTING EQAMS number of upstream DOCSIS channels. These downstream channels are available for DIBA offers a variety of bypass VOD/IP and switched-digital-video/IP. They encapsulations. Using a standard M-CMTS can also lower the cost to deliver video over DEPI EQAM, two bypass encapsulations are DOCSIS service to be competitive with possible, depending on the video server and today’s MPEG VOD. DIBA accomplishes the MSO network. In either case, the server goals of the M-CMTS without the originates a Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol Version unnecessary expense of the M-CMTS. DIBA 3 (L2TPv3) tunnel to the DEPI EQAM. The avoids the expense of the DOCSIS MAC tunnel payload can be: domain technology for the video/IP traffic by using both synchronized and unsynchronized DOCSIS downstream channels. The • The DOCSIS Packet Streaming synchronized channels pass through the Protocol (PSP) in which the video/IP integrated CMTS or the CMTS core and is encapsulated into DOCSIS MAC provide the many DOCSIS MAC functions, frames. This permits the EQAM to including: mix both IPTV traffic originated from the IPTV server with non-IPTV (e.g. Conveying the DOCSIS timestam • ps HSD or VOIP) traffic originated from • Managing ranging to provide the the M-CMTS core on the same proper time-base to the cable modem DOCSIS downstream carrier. • Instructing the cable modems when to transmit upstream • The DOCSIS MPEG Transport (D- MPT) layer which consists of an • Delivering other MAC layer messages MPEG-2 Transport Stream of 188 byte for cable modem registration, packets. All DOCSIS frames, maintenance, etc. including packet-based frames and In contrast, the unsynchronized DOCSIS MAC management-based frames, are channels are generated by the EQAMs included within the one D-MPT flow. (including installed MPEG EQAMs) for the The EQAM searches the D-MPT payload for any DOCSIS SYNC Switched broadcast IPTV multicast is sent messages and performs SYNC without BPI encryption on non-synchronized corrections. It then forwards the D- downstream channels to DOCSIS 3.0 cable MPT packet to the RF interface. The modem IPTV devices. intent of D-MPT mode is to allow MPEG packets to be received by the THE ROLE OF THE CONTROL PLANE EQAM and forwarded directly to the RF interface without having to While there is no design yet for the DIBA terminate and regenerate the MPEG control plane, there are several other control framing.
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