Simple Steps to Self-Compassion Learn Simple Strategies to Help You Cultivate Self-Compassion
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The Influence of Emotional States on Short-Term Memory Retention by Using Electroencephalography (EEG) Measurements: a Case Study
The Influence of Emotional States on Short-term Memory Retention by using Electroencephalography (EEG) Measurements: A Case Study Ioana A. Badara1, Shobhitha Sarab2, Abhilash Medisetty2, Allen P. Cook1, Joyce Cook1 and Buket D. Barkana2 1School of Education, University of Bridgeport, 221 University Ave., Bridgeport, Connecticut, 06604, U.S.A. 2Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, 221 University Ave., Bridgeport, Connecticut, 06604, U.S.A. Keywords: Memory, Learning, Emotions, EEG, ERP, Neuroscience, Education. Abstract: This study explored how emotions can impact short-term memory retention, and thus the process of learning, by analyzing five mental tasks. EEG measurements were used to explore the effects of three emotional states (e.g., neutral, positive, and negative states) on memory retention. The ANT Neuro system with 625Hz sampling frequency was used for EEG recordings. A public-domain library with emotion-annotated images was used to evoke the three emotional states in study participants. EEG recordings were performed while each participant was asked to memorize a list of words and numbers, followed by exposure to images from the library corresponding to each of the three emotional states, and recall of the words and numbers from the list. The ASA software and EEGLab were utilized for the analysis of the data in five EEG bands, which were Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma, and Theta. The frequency of recalled event-related words and numbers after emotion arousal were found to be significantly different when compared to those following exposure to neutral emotions. The highest average energy for all tasks was observed in the Delta activity. Alpha, Beta, and Gamma activities were found to be slightly higher during the recall after positive emotion arousal. -
Applying ACT to Cases of Complex Depression: New Clinical And
ApplyingApplying ACTACT toto CasesCases ofof ComplexComplex Depression:Depression: NewNew ClinicalClinical andand ResearchResearch PerspectivesPerspectives PartPart I:I: DepressionDepression withwith PsychosisPsychosis andand SuicidalitySuicidality Brandon Gaudiano, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Psychiatry Grant Support: NIH K23 MH076937 OutlineOutline ¾¾ ClinicalClinical FeaturesFeatures ofof PsychoticPsychotic DepressionDepression ¾¾ ACTACT forfor PsychosisPsychosis ResearchResearch ¾¾ TreatmentTreatment DevelopmentDevelopment ProjectProject ¾¾ ClinicalClinical ConsiderationsConsiderations ¾¾ CaseCase ExampleExample DepressionDepression withwith hallucinationshallucinations and/orand/or delusionsdelusions PsychoticPsychotic DepressionDepression ¾ PrevalencePrevalence ratesrates z 15-19% of individuals with depression have hallucinations or delusions (Ohayon and Schatzberg, 2002) z Up to 25% of depressed hospitalized patients (Coryell et al., 1984) ¾ PsychoticPsychotic depressiondepression cancan bebe difficultdifficult toto diagnosediagnose andand treat:treat: z psychotic features in mood disorders can be more subtle than those found in patients with primary psychotic disorders ¾ PsychoticPsychotic depressiondepression cancan bebe difficultdifficult toto diagnosediagnose andand treat:treat: z psychotic features in mood disorders can be more subtle than those found in patients with primary psychotic disorders z patients often underreport psychotic symptoms due to embarrassment or paranoia ¾ PsychoticPsychotic depressiondepression cancan -
Emotional Intelligence: Empathy & Compassion
Race, Mindfulness & Wise Action: A Focused Awareness & Emotionally Intelligent Approach to the Practice of Law, Attorney Presence & Well-Being A mindful series for the Twin Cities Diversity In Practice Community Mindfulness “Mindfulness is paying attention to what’s happening in the present moment, in the mind, body and external environment, with an Emotional Context Matters - attitude of kindness and curiosity.” Intelligence: Elevating awareness - Mindful Nation UK Report Emotional Intelligence Three levels of awareness: consists of 4 key skills Unconscious Bias (Dr. Daniel Goleman): • Awareness of Self • Awareness of Others ... is social stereotypes about certain 1. Self-Awareness • Awareness of Surroundings 2. Self-Management groups of people that individuals form 3. Social Awareness outside their own conscious awareness. 4. Relationship Management Everyone holds unconscious beliefs about various social and identity groups, and these biases stem from one’s tendency to organize social worlds by categorizing. Decision-Making Empathy & - University of Califoria, San Francisco & Behavior: Compassion - Emotions are complex. They Disrupting Bias: Body Map show show up as Understand where physiological sensations in The ability to experience and emotions show up in the body in connection with understand what others feel your body and how complex network of activity while maintaining a clear they feel (e.g, in the brain. Increasing discernment about your own tingling, tightness, emotional awareness can and the other person’s openness, heat, help improve decision- feelings and perspectives. neutral, etc.). making and behavior. (Dr. Checking in with the Nummenmaa , Dr. Bechara Compassion is empathy in body periodically and Dr. Lisa Feldman action, adding to the helps enhance self- Barrett.) definition of empathy the awareness, decision- question, "what will truly making and behavior © 2020 Lucenscia LLC. -
About Emotions There Are 8 Primary Emotions. You Are Born with These
About Emotions There are 8 primary emotions. You are born with these emotions wired into your brain. That wiring causes your body to react in certain ways and for you to have certain urges when the emotion arises. Here is a list of primary emotions: Eight Primary Emotions Anger: fury, outrage, wrath, irritability, hostility, resentment and violence. Sadness: grief, sorrow, gloom, melancholy, despair, loneliness, and depression. Fear: anxiety, apprehension, nervousness, dread, fright, and panic. Joy: enjoyment, happiness, relief, bliss, delight, pride, thrill, and ecstasy. Interest: acceptance, friendliness, trust, kindness, affection, love, and devotion. Surprise: shock, astonishment, amazement, astound, and wonder. Disgust: contempt, disdain, scorn, aversion, distaste, and revulsion. Shame: guilt, embarrassment, chagrin, remorse, regret, and contrition. All other emotions are made up by combining these basic 8 emotions. Sometimes we have secondary emotions, an emotional reaction to an emotion. We learn these. Some examples of these are: o Feeling shame when you get angry. o Feeling angry when you have a shame response (e.g., hurt feelings). o Feeling fear when you get angry (maybe you’ve been punished for anger). There are many more. These are NOT wired into our bodies and brains, but are learned from our families, our culture, and others. When you have a secondary emotion, the key is to figure out what the primary emotion, the feeling at the root of your reaction is, so that you can take an action that is most helpful. . -
Creating Compassion and Connection in the Work Place
16Journal of Systemic Therapies, Vol. 25, No. 1, 2006, pp. 16–36 O’Brien CREATING COMPASSION AND CONNECTION IN THE WORK PLACE PETER J. O’BRIEN, M.S.W. Foothills Medical Centre This article raises questions about what contributes to creating a com- passionate work environment and sustaining connections that are meaningful in relation to clients and colleagues. Concepts including burnout, compassion fatigue, vicarious traumatization and counter- transference are examined, with attention to how they complicate the establishment of a compassionate work place. Factors are discussed which further influence the work environment and inhibit the creation of the desired culture. Individual and institutional steps are then sug- gested that can be taken to establish a preferred work environment. In particular, practices are considered within the workplace that com- bat some of the undesirable symptoms, or that lead to the acknowl- edgment of contributions to a healthy environment and which foster human connections. As I enjoyed a concert by the 60’s band the Turtles, I was struck by the sense of connection and joy communicated throughout the concert by the two lead singers. I wondered what factors contributed to their apprecia- tion for one another and what meaning they attach to their life work, span- ning some forty years of collaboration. The purpose of this paper is to first raise questions about what contrib- utes to creating a compassionate work environment and sustaining con- nections that are meaningful in the mental health context. A case example will illustrate some of the common challenges in health care. Then, an examination of factors in our culture and our work settings that compli- Address correspondence to Peter O’Brien, M.S.W. -
How Compassion Became Painful
Journal of Buddhist Studies, Vol. XIV, 2017 (Of-print) How Compassion Became Painful Bhikkhu AnālAyo Published by Centre for Buddhist Studies, Sri Lanka & The Buddha-Dharma Centre of Hong Kong EDITORIAL CONSULTANTS Ratna Handurukande Ph.D. Professor Emeritus, University of Peradeniya. Y karunadasa Ph.D. Professor Emeritus, University of Kelaniya Visiting Professor, The Buddha-Dharma Centre of Hong Kong. Oliver abeynayake Ph.D. Professor Emeritus, Buddhist and Pali University of Sri Lanka. Chandima Wijebandara Ph.D. Professor, University of Sri Jayawardhanapura. Sumanapala GalmanGoda Ph.D. Professor, University of Kelaniya. Academic Coordinator, Nāgānanda International Institute of Buddhist Studies, Sri Lanka. Toshiichi endo Ph.D. Associate Professor, Centre of Buddhist Studies The University of Hong Kong EDITOR Bhikkhu KL dHammajoti 法光 Director, The Buddha-Dharma Centre of Hong Kong. Chair Professor, School of Philosophy, Renmin University of China. CONTENTS Ānisaṃsa: Merit, Motivation and Material Culture 1 Peter Skilling The Buddha’s Eighteen Qualities (aṭṭhārasabuddhadhammā): The Pāli Commentarial Exposition 57 Toshiichi Endo How Compassion Became Painful 85 Bhikkhu AnālAyo Punabbhava and Jātisaṃsāra in Early Buddhism 115 G.A. SomaratnE Ancient and Modern Interpretations of the Pañcavimuttāyatana 139 Bhikkhu PāsādikA Trials and Tribulations in the Study of the Cult of Maitreya in Theravāda Buddhism 151 Dragomir dimitrov The Bāmiyān Prātimokṣasūtra: a “Buddhist Hybrid Text” 183 Bhikkhu ÑāṇAtusitA Mahāsāṅghika and Mahāyāna: Further Notes 227 Charles WillEmEn Yogācāra Refutation of Tritemporal Existence 235 KL dhammajoti AnālAyo: How Compassion Became Painful How Compassion Became Painful AnālAyo Introduction In this paper I explore how the cultivation of compassion, karuṇā, developed from involving a potentially joyful experience in early Buddhist thought to taking on a more painful tonality in later times. -
Mindfulness and Compassion – from a Neuroscience Point of View
Mindfulness and Compassion – from a neuroscience point of view Dr. Tamara Russell In the last decade there has been a growth of empirical evidence to support mindfulness- based approaches in the mental health setting (Williams & Kuyken, 2012). Following on from the success of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program to help those with chronic physical health ailments (Grossman et al., 2004), the Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) protocol has been developed and evaluated in individuals with major depressive disorder (Williams & Kuyken, 2012). This protocol seems to be particularly helpful for those with recurrent depression who also have experience of childhood trauma (Williams et al., 2014). The MBCT protocol, with adaptations, has been tried with many other mental health clinical populations, with promising results from these early feasibility and acceptability studies (Hoffman et al., 2010). There is also a suggestion that this training is of benefit to staff (Shapiro et al, 2007) in a way that may secondarily benefit patients (Grepmair et al., 2007). Within the mindfulness training protocol, participants are encouraged to engage with mental and physical experience on a moment-by-moment basis. This requires attention training, as the mind typically wanders onto other things and especially so when emotions run high. Learning to tolerate emotions, spot mental habits of attachment and avoidance and learning to inhibit chains of thinking and train attention are the key tasks in mindfulness training. These processes recruit a network of brain regions related to attention (including the anterior cingulate cortex and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex), body awareness (somatosensory cortex, motor and pre-motor cortex) and emotion regulation (right anterior insula and limbic structures including the amygdala; Holzel et al., 2011). -
Zest and Work
Journal of Organizational Behavior J. Organiz. Behav. 30, 161–172 (2009) Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/job.584 Zest and work CHRISTOPHER PETERSON1*, NANSOOK PARK2, NICHOLAS HALL3 AND MARTIN E.P.SELIGMAN 3 1University of Michigan, Michigan, U.S.A. 2University of Rhode Island, Rhode Island, U.S.A. 3University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Summary Zest is a positive trait reflecting a person’s approach to life with anticipation, energy, and excitement. In the present study, 9803 currently employed adult respondents to an Internet site completed measures of dispositional zest, orientation to work as a calling, and satisfaction with work and life in general. Across all occupations, zest predicted the stance that work was a calling (r ¼.39), as well as work satisfaction (r ¼.46) and general life satisfaction (r ¼.53). Zest deserves further attention from organizational scholars, especially how it can be encouraged in the workplace. Copyright # 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Your work is to discover your work, and then with all of your heart to give yourself to it.—the Buddha Introduction Recent years have seen a widespread call for the study of work organizations in which people can be well and do well (Cameron, Dutton, & Quinn, 2003; Gardner, Csikszentmihalyi, & Damon, 2001; Luthans, 2003; Wright, 2003). The emergence of the positive perspective within organizational psychology has brought new attention to the venerable topic of work satisfaction (Hoppock, 1935). Satisfaction with the work that one does is seen not just as a contributor to good performance and increased profitability but as a worthy end in its own right (Heslin, 2005). -
Vulnerability, Empathy,And Compassion and Your Team During a Time of Change
Vulnerability, Empathy,and Compassion and Your Team during a Time of Change healthy.iu.edu Objectives for this Lesson • To establish a foundation of what empathy, compassion, and vulnerability are. • To learn the benefits of infusing these 3 qualities into your team. • To develop a toolkit for how to build a team culture based in empathy, compassion, and vulnerability. healthy.iu.edu Vulnerability • Normalizing weaknesses and limitations • Asking for help is expected and welcomed • Permission to admit insecurities in order to face them and build trust Coyle, D. (2018). The Culture Code: The Secrets of Highly Successful Groups. Bantam Books: New York, New York. healthy.iu.edu The Vulnerability Loop at Work • Person A sends a signal of vulnerability. • Person B detects this signal. • Person B responds by signaling their own vulnerability. • Person A detects this signal. • A norm is established; closeness and trust increase. Coyle, D. (2018). The Culture Code: The Secrets of Highly Successful Groups. Bantam Books: New York, New York. healthy.iu.edu Benefits of Vulnerability • Increased trust • Problem-solving environment • Cooperation a well developed muscle Coyle, D. (2018). The Culture Code: The Secrets of Highly Successful Groups. Bantam Books: New York, New York. healthy.iu.edu What is Empathy? Empathy occurs when one person vicariously experiences the feelings, perceptions, and thoughts of another Mortier, A. V., Vlerick, P., & Clays, E. (2016). Authentic leadership and thriving among nurses: The mediating role of empathy. Journal of Nursing Management, 24, 357–365. healthy.iu.edu What Empathy gets confused with... Sympathy • Feeling sorry for someone; not feeling with someone Redirection to avoid discomfort • “Look on the bright side…” • “At least you don’t…” The reflex to “fix it” • Rarely does a response make things better. -
Compassion & Forgiveness
Compassion & Forgiveness in The Great Gatsby The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. Compassion & Forgiveness Ø Characters possess an infinite capacity to forgive. Ø Characters possess an infinite stubbornness not to forgive. Compassion & Forgiveness Ø Example: Daisy’s marriage vs. her love Compassion & Forgiveness Ø Examples: Tom’s cheating vs. Gatsby’s deceit Compassion & Forgiveness Ø Cause of much sadness in the novel Ø Characters taunted by the possibility of forgiveness only to lose out to another’s stubbornness. THESIS In The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the author illustrates the power of forgiveness to heal when offered and to destroy when denied. Question #1 What gets forgiven and what does not get forgiven in this novel? Why? Characters offer a limited forgiveness for actions. The limit to forgiveness occurs when perception fails to match reality. Evidence #1 Characters offer a limited forgiveness for actions. The limit to forgiveness occurs when perception fails to match reality. Gatsby began “denying everything, defending his name” but Daisy drew “further and further into herself.” Gatsby’s dream died but “fought on... struggling toward that lost voice,” the Daisy of his past. Question #2 Nick claims in the first page of the novel that he was told to never criticize. Is he compassionate towards Gatsby, or does he judge the man? Does this evolve over the course of the novel? In the beginning of the novel, Nick judges Gatsby harshly; however, his feelings evolve to include an enormous measure of compassion for Gatsby. -
A Faithful Love Yields Enduring Happiness July 2018
A faithful love yields enduring happiness July 2018 Married love is also faithful and exclusive of all other, and this until death. This is how husband and wife understood it on the day on which, fully aware of what they were doing, they freely vowed themselves to one another in marriage. Though this fidelity of husband and wife sometimes presents difficulties, no one has the right to assert that it is impossible; it is, on the contrary, always honorable and meritorious. The example of countless married couples proves not only that fidelity is in accord with the nature of marriage, but also that it is the source of profound and enduring happiness. (Humanae vitae no. 9) Reflection There tends to be a common view in the culture that freedom means doing anything one wants, anytime, with no restraints. Such a view makes it difficult to understand the vowed commitment to lifelong, faithful marriage. Bl. Pope Paul VI in Humanae vitae reminds the world that the Church offers a different view of freedom, a view that authentic freedom can only be found when it is ordered towards the truth. When we live our lives according to the truth, as with the example of a husband and wife living a life of faithfulness and fidelity to each other in marriage, we experience the “profound and enduring happiness” and authentic freedom our hearts are truly longing for. How have you experienced the fruits of living faithful love in your life? Are there areas God may be inviting you to grow in trust and faithfulness in your relationship with Him? Intercessory Prayer to Paul VI God our Father, Empower married couples to live the beautiful call to free, total, faithful, fruitful love in the vow they exchanged in holy matrimony. -
Social and Emotional Skills Well-Being, Connectedness and Success
Social and Emotional Skills Well-being, connectedness and success ©OECD FOREWORD Contents Foreword Foreword 3 Education systems need to prepare students for continuous effort to create the kind of binding social their future, rather than for our past. In these times, capital through which we can share experiences, ideas Introduction 4 digitalisation is connecting people, cities and continents and innovation and build a shared understanding among to bring together a majority of the world’s population in groups with diverse experiences and interests, thus 01. Measuring Social and Emotional Skills 5 ways that vastly increases our individual and collective increasing our radius of trust to strangers and institutions. potential. But the same forces have made the world also 02. Social and emotional skills drive critical life outcomes 10 more volatile, more complex, and more uncertain. And Over the last years, social and emotional skills have when fast gets really fast, being slow to adapt makes been rising on the education policy agenda and in the 03. The impact of specific social and emotional skills on life outcomes 17 education systems really slow. The rolling processes of public debate. But for the majority of students, their automation, hollowing out jobs, particularly for routine development remains a matter of luck, depending on ○ Conscientiousness – getting things done, as required and in time 17 tasks, have radically altered the nature of work and life whether this is a priority for their teacher and their and thus the skills that are needed for success. For those school. A major barrier is the absence of reliable metrics ○ Openness to experience – exploring the world of things and ideas 20 with the right human capacities, this is liberating and in this field that allow educators and policy-makers to exciting.