Barbara J. Bentz

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Barbara J. Bentz Barbara J. Bentz Research Entomologist USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station Adjunct Faculty, Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University Logan, Utah [email protected] Google Scholar Education B.S. Forestry and Biology Stephen F. Austin State University 1981 M.S. Forest Resources University of Idaho 1984 Ph.D. Entomology Virginia Tech 1991 Professional Experience 1991 – present Research Entomologist, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station (RMRS), Logan, UT 1999 – 2005 Project Leader, USDA Forest Service, RMRS, Logan, UT Publications (* Graduate/undergraduate student) Bentz BJ, EM Hansen, JC Vandygriff, SS Stephens and D Soderberg*. 2020. Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine (Pinus aristata) is a confirmed host to mountain pine beetle. North American Naturalist. In Press. Soderberg D*, K Mock, R Hofstetter and B Bentz. 2020. Translocation experiment reveals capacity for mountain pine beetle persistence under climate warming. Ecological Monographs. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1437. Keen RM*, SL Voelker, BJ Bentz, SY Wang and R Ferrell. 2020. Stronger influence of growth rate than severity of drought stress on mortality of large ponderosa pines during the 2012-2015 California drought. Oecologia. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-020-04771-0. Kyre BR*, Bentz BJ and LK Riskey. 2020. Susceptibility of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) to gene silencing through RNAi provides potential as a novel management tool. Forest Ecology and Management 473. Bentz BJ. 2019. Mountain pine beetle and Great Basin bristlecone pine: a complicated story. Mountain Views 13(2): 28-32. https://www.fs.fed.us/psw/cirmount/publications/pdf/Mtn_Views_dec_19.pdf Cansler, C.A., S.M. Hood, J.M. Varner, P.J. van Mantgem, M.C. Agne, R.A. Andrus, M.P. Ayres, B.D. Ayres, J.D. Bakker, M.A. Battaglia, B.J. Bentz, C.R. Breece, J.K. Brown, D.R. Cluck, T.W. Coleman, R.G. Corace, W.W. Covington, D.S. Cram, J.B. Cronan, J.E. Crouse, A.J. Das, R.S. Davis, D.M. Dickinson, S.A. Fitzgerald, P.Z. Fulé, L.M. Ganio, L.M. Grayson, C.B. Halpern, J.L. Hanula, B.J. Harvey, J.K. Hiers, D.W. Huffman, M. Keifer, T.L. Keyser, L.N., Kobziar, T.E. Kolb, C.A. Kolden, K.E. Kopper, J.R. Kreitler, J.K. Kreye, A.M. Latimer, AP. Lerch, M.J. Lombardero, V.L. McDaniel, C.W. McHugh, J.D. McMillin, J.J. Moghaddas, J.J. O’Brien, D.D.B. Perrakis, D.W. Peterson, S.J. Prichard, R.A. Progar, K.F. Raffa, E.D, Reinhardt, J.C., Restaino, J.P. Roccaforte, BM. Rogers, K.C. Ryan, HD. Safford, A.E. Santoro, T.M. Shearman, A.M. Shumate, C.H., Sieg, S.L. Smith, R.J. Smith, N.L. Stephenson, M. Steuver, J.T. Stevens, M.T. Stoddard, W.G. Thies, N.M. Vaillant, S.A. Weiss, D.J., Westlind, T.J. Woolley, M. Wright. 2019. The Fire and Tree Mortality Database (FTM): a database for empirical modeling of tree mortality after fire. Scientific Data. 7, 194. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-0522-7. Bentz BJ, Bonello P, Delb H, Fettig C, Poland T, Pureswaran D, Seybold S. 2019. Advances in understanding and managing insect pests of forest trees. Chapter 19 IN Achieving sustainable management of boreal and temperate forests (ed. J. Stanturf), Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing. Bentz BJ, Jönsson AM, Schroeder M, Weed A, Wilcke RAI, Larsson, K. 2019. Ips typographus and Dendroctonus ponderosae models project thermal suitability for intra- and inter-continental establishment in a changing climate. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change. https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2019.00001. McManis AE*, Powell JA, Bentz BJ. 2019. Modeling mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) oviposition. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.12783. McManis AE*, Powell JA, Bentz BJ. 2018. Developmental parameters of a southern mountain pine beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) population reveal potential source of latitudinal differences in generation time. The Canadian Entomologist, 151:1-15. Boone CK, Sweeney J, Silk P, Huges C, Webster RP, Stephen F, Maclauchlan L, Bentz BJ, Drumont A., Zhao B, Berkvens N, Casteels H and Gregoire JC. 2019. Monochamus species from different continents can be effectively detected with the same trapping protocol. Journal of Pest Science, 92: 3-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-018-0954-4. Eidson EL*, Mock KE, Bentz BJ. 2018. Low offspring survival in mountain pine beetle infesting the resistant Great Basin bristlecone pine supports the preference-performance hypothesis. PLoS ONE. 13(5):e0196732, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196732. Bentz BJ, Hansen EM. 2017. Evidence for a prepupal diapause in the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae, Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae). Environmental Entomology. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvx192. Seybold SJ, Bentz BJ, Fettig CJ, Lundquist JE, Progar RA, Gillette NE. 2018. Management of western North American bark beetles with semiochemicals. Annual Review of Entomology. 63:407-32. Eidson EL*, Mock KE, Bentz BJ. 2017. Mountain pine beetle host selection behavior confirms high resistance in Great Basin bristlecone pine. Forest Ecology and Management 402:12-20. Schebeck M, Hansen EM, Schopf A, Ragland GJ, Stauffer C, Bentz BJ. 2017. Overwintering and diapause of two spruce bark beetle species. Journal of Insect Physiology 42:200-210. Powell J, Garlick M, Bentz B, Friedenberg, N. 2017. Differential dispersal and the Allee effect create power-law behavior: Distribution of spot infestations during mountain pine beetle outbreaks. Journal of Animal Ecology, 87:73-86. Bracewell RR, Bentz BJ, Sullivan BT and Good JM. 2017. Neo-sex chromosome evolution drives incipient speciation in a major forest pest. Nature Communications 8(1), 10.1038/s41467-017-01761-4. Dowle E, Bracewell R, Pfrender M, Bentz B, Mock K, Ragland G. 2017. Reproductive isolation and environmental adaptation shape the phylogeography of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae). Molecular Ecology 26(21):6071-6084. Bentz BJ, Eidson EL*. 2016. Are high elevation pines equally susceptible to climate changed-induced mountain pine beetle attack? Nutcracker Notes, Journal of the Whitebark Pine Ecosystem Foundation 31:20-23. Lerch AP*, Pfammatter JA, Bentz BJ, Raffa KF. 2016. Mountain pine beetle dynamics and reproductive success in post-fire lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests in northeastern Utah. PLosOne 11(10) e0164738. Marini L, Økland B, Jönsson AM, Bentz BJ, Carroll AL, Forster B, Grégoire JC, Hurling R, Nageleisen LM, Netherer S, Ravn HP, Weed A, Schroeder M. 2016. Climate drivers of bark beetle outbreak dynamics in Norway spruce forests. Ecography doi:10.1111/ecog.02769. Loehman RA, Bentz BJ, DeNitto GA, Keane RE, Manning ME, Duncan JP, Egan JM, Jackson MB, Kegley S, Lockman IB, Pearson DE, Powell JA, Shelly S, Steed BE, Zambino PJ. 2017. Chapter 8: Effects of climate change on ecological disturbances, IN. Halofsky, J. E., Peterson, D. L. (eds), Climate Change and Rocky Mountain Ecosystems, Advances in Global Change Research 63, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-56928-4_7. Bentz BJ, Hood SA, Hansen EM, Vandygriff JC, Mock KE. 2017. Defense traits in the long-lived Great Basin bristlecone pine and resistance to the native herbivore mountain pine beetle. New Phytologist 213(2): 611-624. Ramsfield TD, Bentz BJ, Faccoli M, Jactel H, and Brockerhoff EG. 2016. Forest health in a changing world: Effects of globalization and climate change on forest insect and pathogen impacts. Forestry, 89:245- 252. Bentz BJ, Duncan JP*, Powell JA. 2016. Elevational shifts in thermal suitability for mountain pine beetle population growth in a changing climate. Forestry 89(3):271-283, doi:10.1093/forestry/cpv054. Kolb TE, Fettig CJ, Bentz BJ, Stewart JE, Weed AS, Hicke JA and Ayres MP. 2016. Forest insect and fungal pathogen responses to drought. Pp. 113-128 ,IN J.M Vose, J.S. Clark, C.H. Luce, and T. Patel-Weynand (eds), Effects of Drought on Forests and Rangelands in the United States: A Comprehensive Science Synthesis, USDA Forest Service, Gen. Tech. Report WO-93b. Kolb TE, Fettig CJ, Bentz BJ, Stewart JE, Weed AS, Hicke JA, Ayres MP, and Mathiasen R. 2016. Observed and anticipated impacts of drought on forest insects and diseases in the United States. Forest Ecology and Management, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.051. Krivan V, Lewis M, Bentz BJ, Bewick S, Lenhart SM, and Liebhold A. 2016. A dynamical model for bark beetle outbreaks. Journal of Theoretical Biology 407:25-37. Bentz BJ, Vandygriff J, Jensen C, Coleman T, Maloney P, Smith S, Grady A, Schen-Langenheim G. 2015. Monitoring mountain pine beetle life cycle timing and phloem temperatures at multiple elevations and latitudes in California. In Potter, K.M., and B.L. Conkling, eds. Forest Health Monitoring: National Status, Trends, and Analysis, 2015. Forest Health Monitoring National Technical Report, Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, p. 167–177. Bentz BJ and Jӧnsson AM. 2015. Modeling bark beetle responses to climate change. Chapter 13, In Vega, F. and R. Hofstetter eds., Bark Beetles: Biology and Ecology of Native and Invasive Species, pp. 533- 549. Elsevier. Weed AS, Ayres MP, and Bentz BJ. 2015. Population dynamics of bark beetles, Chapter 4, In Vega, F. and R. Hofstetter eds., Bark Beetles: Biology and Ecology of Native and Invasive Species, pp. 157-176. Elsevier. Hansen EM, Johnson MC, Bentz BJ, Vandygriff JC and Munson AS. 2015. Fuel loads and simulated fire behavior in ‘old-stage’ beetle-infested ponderosa pine of the Colorado Plateau. Forest Science 61:644. Weed AS, Bentz BJ, Ayres MP and Holmes TP. 2015. Geographically variable response of Dendroctonus ponderosae to winter warming in the western United States. Landscape Ecology 30(6):1075-1093. Addison A*, Powell JA, Bentz BJ, and Six DL.
Recommended publications
  • TREE NOTES CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT of FORESTRY and FIRE PROTECTION Arnold Schwarzenegger Andrea E
    TREE NOTES CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND FIRE PROTECTION Arnold Schwarzenegger Andrea E. Tuttle Michael Chrisman Governor Director Secretary for Resources State of California The Resources Agency NUMBER: 28 JANUARY 2004 Ips Beetles in California Pines by Donald R. Owen Forest Pest Management Specialist, 6105 Airport Road, Redding, CA 96022 There are a number of bark beetle species that species, climate, and other factors, Ips may attack and kill pines in California. Foremost complete from one to many generations per among these are species of Dendroctonus and year. Under ideal conditions, a single Ips. Although species of Dendroctonus are generation may be completed in about 45 considered to be the most aggressive tree days. Ips killers, species of can be significant pests Ips under certain circumstances and/or on certain are shiny black to reddish brown, hosts. Nearly all of California’s native pines cylindrical beetles, ranging in size from about Ips 3 - 6.5 cm. A feature which readily areattackedbyoneormorespeciesof . Dendroctonus Some species of Ips also attack spruce, but are distinguishes them from beetles not considered to be significant pests in is the presence of spines on the posterior end California. of the wing covers. There may be between 3-6 pairs of spines, the size, number and While numerous bark beetles colonize pines, arrangement of which are unique for each only a handful are capable of killing live trees. The majority of bark beetles, including species of Ips, are secondary invaders that colonize recently dead, dying, or weakened trees. Those species of Ips that kill trees, do so opportunistically and typically only kill trees under stress.
    [Show full text]
  • Wickman Pnw-Gtr-638
    GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-638 een, PNW K P. F. Figure 63—Forest Service Chief Colonel Greeley (far right) with entourage at the SONC Project, 1923. (Left to right) J.F. Kimball, Hal H. Ogle, A.J. Jaenicke, S.R. Black, George Cecil, Gilbert D. Brown, W.J. Rankin, J.M. Miller, E.E. Carter, Colonel William B. Greeley. I feel that I am not saying much that is new to Arizona, then another train to the south rim, horseback or all of you. From reading your News Letters during walking down to the Colorado River at Phantom Ranch, the past summer I have been greatly impressed then up the trail to Bright Angel and the north rim. Miller with the excellent manner in which you all are undertaking your various investigations. I look for- chose the latter route. He walked down to the Phantom ward to meeting you all at the conference this fall Ranch where horses awaited to ride to Bright Angel. On and to a thorough discussion of our policy for the the return trip he reversed the mode of transport. He said it future. – F.C. Craighead. was an interesting trip, but he would not care to repeat it. For the remainder of 1923, Miller was headquartered in In the fall he spent time on the SONC project with North Fork but was there only intermittently. He continued Keen and Kimball helping to smooth operational problems. his field work on the San Joaquin Project; in May he was Miller had been a football fan since his student days at on a demonstration trip to the SONC project (fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Modeling Mountain Pine Beetle (Dendroctonus Ponderosae) Oviposition
    DOI: 10.1111/eea.12783 Modeling mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae)oviposition Anne E. McManis1,JamesA.Powell1,2 & Barbara J. Bentz3* 1Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA, 2Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA, and 3USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Logan, UT 84321, USA Accepted: 30 January 2019 Key words: bark beetle, climate change, fecundity, local adaptation, phenology, oviposition rate, synchrony, voltinism, Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Pinus strobiformis Abstract Mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), is a significant forest disturbance agent with a widespread distribution in western North America. Popula- tion success is influenced by temperatures that drive phenology and ultimately the adult emergence syn- chrony required to mass attack and kill host trees during outbreaks. In addition to lifestage-specific developmental rates and thresholds, oviposition timing can be a source of variance in adult emergence synchrony, and is a critical aspect of mountain pine beetle phenology. Adaptation to local climates has resulted in longer generation times in southern compared to northern populations in common gardens, and the role of oviposition rate in these differences is unclear. Oviposition rates and fecundity in a northern population have been described, although data are lacking for southern populations. We assessed southern mountain pine beetle oviposition rates and fecundity in a range of temperatures using a non-destructive technique that included frequent X-ray imaging. We found that oviposition rate and fecundity vary independently such that a female with high oviposition rate did not necessarily have high fecundity and vice versa.
    [Show full text]
  • Dendroctonus Beetles and Old-Growth Forests in the Rockies
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Quinney Natural Resources Research Library, The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography S.J. and Jessie E. 1992 Dendroctonus Beetles and Old-Growth Forests in the Rockies J M. Schmid G D. Amman Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/barkbeetles Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Entomology Commons, Forest Biology Commons, Forest Management Commons, and the Wood Science and Pulp, Paper Technology Commons Recommended Citation Schmid, J. and Amman, G. (1992). Dendroctonus beetles and old-growth forests in the Rockies. In: MR Kaufmann, WH Moir and WH Bassett (tech.eds) Old-growth Forest in the Southwest and Rock Mountain Regions, Proceedings of a Workshop (pp. 51-59). USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, General Technical Report RM-GTR-213. This Contribution to Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Quinney Natural Resources Research Library, S.J. and Jessie E. at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dendroctonus Beetles and Old-Growth Forests in the Rockies1 J. M. Schmid and G. D. Amman2 Abstract.-Dendroctonus beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) are a major mortality agent in old growth pine, spruce-fir, and Douglas-fir forests of the Rocky Mountains. The frequency of recurring bark beetle epidemics depends on the size of the area being considered, how extensively the stand(s) was decimated by a previous epidemic(s), and how fast the stand(s) grows into the hazardous condition.
    [Show full text]
  • Western Pine Beetle Meandering Egg Galleries
    Western Pine Beetle Meandering egg galleries Name and Description—Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte [Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae] The western pine beetle attacks and kills mature ponderosa pine throughout much of its range. It is one of the smaller members of the genus Dendroctonus (only about 1/8 inch [3-5 mm] long), and is a fairly non-descript bark beetle; it is dark brown and cylindrical in shape (fig. 1). Host—Ponderosa pine; however, this beetle is never found east of the Continental Divide, and, within the Rocky Mountain Figure 1. Western pine beetle adult (Dendroctonus brevi- Region, it is active only in a narrow band in western Colorado. comis). Photo: Erich Vallery, USDA Forest Service-SRS-4552, Bugwood.org. Live Cycle—There are several generations per year of western pine beetle. This number varies with location, depending upon eleva- tion and latitude. The number of generations is tied directly to the length of the “growing season,” so in some portions of their distribu- tion, they will have two generations per year, whereas in other areas, there may be as many as four generations per year. Western pine beetles are virtually inactive during the winter months but as soon as the weather becomes warmer, they will increase their activity. The first sign of western pine beetle attack is the production of pitch tubes on ponderosa pines. The egg gallery that is constructed by western pine beetles is described as being “serpentine;” that is, it is a sinuous, winding gallery that can even cross itself at times (fig. 2). The beetles mate, and eggs are deposited along the margins of the central gallery.
    [Show full text]
  • Modeling Cold Tolerance in the Mountain Pine Beetle, Dendroctonus Ponderosae
    ARTICLE IN PRESS Journal of Insect Physiology 53 (2007) 559–572 www.elsevier.com/locate/jinsphys Modeling cold tolerance in the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Jacques Re´ gnie` rea,Ã, Barbara Bentzb aNatural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, PO Box 10380, Stn. Sainte-Foy, Quebec, QC, Canada G1V 4C7 bUSDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 860 N 1200 E, Logan, UT 84321, USA Received 11 January 2007; received in revised form 18 February 2007; accepted 19 February 2007 Abstract Cold-induced mortality is a key factor driving mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae, population dynamics. In this species, the supercooling point (SCP) is representative of mortality induced by acute cold exposure. Mountain pine beetle SCP and associated cold-induced mortality fluctuate throughout a generation, with the highest SCPs prior to and following winter. Using observed SCPs of field-collected D. ponderosae larvae throughout the developmental season and associated phloem temperatures, we developed a mechanistic model that describes the SCP distribution of a population as a function of daily changes in the temperature-dependent processes leading to gain and loss of cold tolerance. It is based on the changing proportion of individuals in three states: (1) a non cold- hardened, feeding state, (2) an intermediate state in which insects have ceased feeding, voided their gut content and eliminated as many ice-nucleating agents as possible from the body, and (3) a fully cold-hardened state where insects have accumulated a maximum concentration of cryoprotectants (e.g. glycerol). Shifts in the proportion of individuals in each state occur in response to the driving variables influencing the opposite rates of gain and loss of cold hardening.
    [Show full text]
  • Fire and Bark Beetle Interactions Species of Suitable Size
    F of fire-bark beetle interactions exist with more Fire and Bark Beetle detailed information (Hicke et al. 2012; Jenkins Interactions et al. 2008, 2012, 2014; Kane et al. 2017). A basic background of bark beetle biology is Sharon M. Hood necessary to understand fire-bark beetle interac- Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest tions. Numerous bark beetles (Coleoptera: Cur- Service, Missoula, MT, USA culionidae, Scolytinae) species are native insects to North America that are capable of irrupting in population to kill mature trees (Wood 1982). Host Synonyms tree species is specific to the bark beetle species. Bark beetles require living phloem to success- Fire and insect interactions fully reproduce; therefore, they only attack live trees. Life cycle varies by geographic region and bark beetle species, but generally, beetles com- Definition municate via pheromones to mass attack a live tree by boring through the bark on the tree’s main Interactions between wildland fire and bark bee- stem. The coordinated mass attack overwhelms a tles such that one disturbance impacts the other tree’s defenses to allow mating and reproducing (Raffa and Berryman 1983). Females construct galleries in the phloem and deposit eggs. As eggs Introduction develop into larvae and then pupae, they feed on phloem. When mature, the new generation of Wildland fire and bark beetle outbreaks are both beetles bore out of the tree through the bark to large disturbances in North American forests with attack other trees. the potential to interact over spatial and temporal scales (Hicke et al. 2016; Raffa et al. 2008). The Fire Before Bark Beetles order of the disturbances, fire before bark beetles Fire severity, bark beetle populations, and forest or fire after bark beetles, influences the outcome structure and composition determine if a burn of the interaction.
    [Show full text]
  • Red Turpentine Beetle)
    Diagnostic protocol for the identification and detection of Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Red Turpentine Beetle) PEST STATUS Not present in Australia PROTOCOL NUMBER NDP 24 VERSION NUMBER V1.2 PROTOCOL STATUS Endorsed ISSUE DATE May 2013 REVIEW DATE May 2018 ISSUED BY SPHDS Prepared for the Subcommittee on Plant Health Diagnostic Standards (SPHDS) This version of the National Diagnostic Protocol (NDP) for Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Red Turpentine Beetle) is current as at the date contained in the version control box on the front of this document. NDPs are updated every 5 years or before this time if required (i.e. when new techniques become available). The most current version of this document is available from the National Plant Biosecurity Diagnostic Network (NPBDN) website: http://plantbiosecuritydiagnostics.net.au/resource- hub/priority-pest-diagnostic-resources/ Cover photograph: J. Bartlett, QPIF DEEDI CONTENTS 1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................1 1.1 Appearance .....................................................................................................1 1.2 Native Host Range ...........................................................................................2 1.3 Effect on host ...................................................................................................2 1.4 Relationship with other organisms ...................................................................2 2 Taxonomy ............................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Southern Pine Beetle Fact Sheet
    SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE Dendroctonus frontalis ▐ What is the southern pine beetle (SPB)? The southern pine beetle, or SPB, is a bark beetle that infests pine trees. The beetle is small, only 2-4 mm in length, about the size of a grain of rice, and is red-brown to black in color. SPB is native to the southeastern United States but has been expanding up the Eastern Seaboard in recent years. Warming of winter temperatures has most likely contributed to this range expansion. ▐ Where is SPB located? SPB was first reported in New York in late September, 2014 in Suffolk County Southern pine beetle on Long Island. It has now been found throughout Suffolk County, but the USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org largest infestations are located in Wertheim National Wildlife Refuge, Connetquot River State Park, and the Henry's Hollow Pine Barrens State Forest. SPB has also been found in Bear Mountain State Park in Orange and Rockland Counties and in Minnewaska State Park in Ulster County. ▐ What does it do to trees? The adult beetle enters the tree through crevices in the bark and then creates S-shaped tunnels in the cambium tissue, just beneath the bark. This disrupts the flow of nutrients, killing the tree in typically 2-4 months. Most trees resist the initial attacks by secreting resin that can "pitch out" some adults and slow the entry of others, but trees almost always die as their defenses are overwhelmed by thousands of attacking beetles. SPB has always been the most destructive pest of southern pine forests.
    [Show full text]
  • Southern Pine Bark Beetle Guild T
    Southern Pine Bark Beetle Guild T. Evan Nebeker Professor Emeritus, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 13 Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762 Abstract Dendroctonus frontalis (southern pine beetle), D. terebrans (black turpentine Keywords beetle), Ips avulsus (small southern pine engraver or four-spined engraver), I. grandicollis (five-spined engraver), and I. calligraphus (six-spined engraver) development comprise the southern pine bark beetle guild. Often they are found sharing the gallery construction same hosts in the Southeastern United States. They exhibit a preference for trees hosts that are stressed to various degrees. Members of this guild utilize chemical, host selection visual, and acoustic cues to locate their hosts. Each has characteristic egg gallery identification patterns that assist in the determination of the attacking species. Development interactions is temperature-dependent, resulting in two or three generations per year for D. signs terebrans, the largest in size of the guild members, to 10 or more for I. avulsus, symptoms the smallest in size. It appears that for members of this guild that cue into hosts colonized by other guild members, the result is increased resource availability to each. 199 13.1.INTRODUCTION Singly or in all combinations this guild has caused tremendous mortality to the coniferous The southern pine bark beetle guild (Figure forests of the Southeastern United States, 13.1) is the most destructive guild of insects resulting in losses of millions of dollars. Greater to pine forests in the Southern United States. discussions on losses are in the economics A guild is defined as an intimately associated section. Their impacts are compounded when group of organisms that exploits the same combined with events such as hurricanes Katrina resource in a similar way and may interact and Rita that occurred in 2005.
    [Show full text]
  • An Analysis of the Larval Instars of the Walnut Twig Beetle, Pityophthorus Juglandis Blackman (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in North
    An analysis of the larval instars of the walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in northern California black walnut, Juglans hindsii, and a new host record for Hylocurus hirtellus Author(s): Paul L. Dallara, Mary L. Flint, and Steven J. Seybold Source: Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 88(2):248-266. 2012. Published By: Pacific Coast Entomological Society DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3956/2012-16.1 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3956/2012-16.1 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/ terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. THE PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST 88(2):248–266, (2012) An analysis of the larval instars of the walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in northern California black walnut, Juglans hindsii, and a new host record for Hylocurus hirtellus 1 1 2 PAUL L. DALLARA ,MARY L.
    [Show full text]
  • Pinon Ips Bark Beetle
    COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES COOPERATIVE EXTENSION AZ1394 Revised 03/13 THE PIÑON IPS BARK BEETLE Tom DeGomez and Bob Celaya Figure 1. Extensive piñon mortality from piñon ips induced by drought conditions, Flagstaff, Arizona September, 2003. Within the woodlands of 4,500’ to 7,000’ elevations in the borers (Dioryctria ponderosae), they cause copious amounts Southwest, piñon pine occurs in association with juniper of pitch to flow from wounds and should not be confused (Juniperus spp.) at the lower and ponderosa pine (Pinus with piñon ips. ponderosa) at the higher elevations. Piñon are commonly Piñon ips is a native bark beetle that utilizes piñon pine utilized by a small bark beetle – piñon ips, Ips confusus. inner bark and outer sapwood for food and to rear offspring, Since these beetles are from the Ips genus of bark beetles spending most of their lives underneath the bark of the tree. they are also known as engraver beetles. Piñon ips will When a new generation of adults emerge from an infested utilize, Colorado piñon (P. edulis) and single leaf piñon (P. tree they may re-infest the same tree or fly short distances monophylla) and occasionally other pines in the Southwest. Juniper and ponderosa species that are generally associated with piñon are not affected by piñon ips. Junipers in these woodlands are attacked by cedar, cypress, or juniper bark AT A GLANCE beetles in the Phloeosinus genus and woodborers. Ponderosa pine is attacked by pine bark beetles in the genus Ips and • Hosts, Description and Life Cycle of Piñon Ips Dendroctonus.
    [Show full text]