Decompression Research
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Chronic Low Back Pain, Considerations About: Natural Course, Diagnosis
Chronic low back pain, considerations about Natural Course, Diagnosis, Interventional Treatment and Costs Coen Itz P Copyright Coen Itz 2016 UM ISBN 978 94 6159 625 3 UNIVERSITAIRE PERS MAASTRICHT Production / print Datawyse | Universitaire Pers Maastricht Chronic low back pain, considerations about: Natural Course, Diagnosis, Interventional Treatment and Costs Ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Iniversiteit Maastricht, Op gezag van rector Magnificus: Prof. dr. Rianne M. Letschert Volgens het besluit van het College van Dekanen, In het openbaar te verdedigen op woensdag 16 november 2016 om 12.00 door Coenraad Johannes Itz Promotores Prof. dr. Maarten van Kleef Prof. dr. Frank Huygen Co-promotor Dr. Bram Ramaekers Assessment Committee Prof. dr. Bert Joosten (chairman) Prof. dr. Emile Curfs Prof. dr. Manuela Joore Prof. dr. Roberto Perez Prof. dr. Rob Smeets Het was een verre reis Zul je voorzichtig zijn? Ik weet wel dat je maar een boodschap doet hier om de hoek en dat je niet gekleed bent voor een lange reis. Je kus is licht, je blik gerust en vredig zijn je hand en voet. Maar achter deze hoek een werelddeel, achter dit ogenblik een zee van tijd. Zul je voorzichtig zijn? (vrij naar adriaan morrien) CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction 9 Chapter 2 Clinical course of Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies Set in Primary Care 17 (Itz, EJP accepted April 2013) Chapter 3 Dutch multidisciplinary guideline for invasive treatment of pain syndromes of the lumbosacral spine 37 (Itz, Pain Practice accepted -
Diagnosis of Vertebral Column Pathologies Using Concatenated Resampling with Machine Learning Algorithms
Diagnosis of vertebral column pathologies using concatenated resampling with machine learning algorithms Aijaz Ahmad Reshi1,*, Imran Ashraf2,*, Furqan Rustam3, Hina Fatima Shahzad3, Arif Mehmood4 and Gyu Sang Choi2 1 College of Computer Science and Engineering, Department of Computer Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia 2 Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongbuk, Gyeongsan-si, South Korea 3 Department of Computer Science, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan 4 Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan * These authors contributed equally to this work. ABSTRACT Medical diagnosis through the classification of biomedical attributes is one of the exponentially growing fields in bioinformatics. Although a large number of approaches have been presented in the past, wide use and superior performance of the machine learning (ML) methods in medical diagnosis necessitates significant consideration for automatic diagnostic methods. This study proposes a novel approach called concatenated resampling (CR) to increase the efficacy of traditional ML algorithms. The performance is analyzed leveraging four ML approaches like tree-based ensemble approaches, and linear machine learning approach for automatic diagnosis of inter-vertebral pathologies with increased. Besides, undersampling, over-sampling, and proposed CR techniques have been applied to unbalanced training dataset to analyze the impact of these techniques on the accuracy of each of the classification model. Extensive experiments have been conducted to make comparisons among different classification models using several metrics 16 December 2020 Submitted including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Comparative analysis has been 25 April 2021 Accepted performed on the experimental results to identify the best performing classifier along Published 22 July 2021 with the application of the re-sampling technique. -
Spinal Cord Injury: Is Monitoring from the Injury Site the Future? Samira Saadoun and Marios C
Saadoun and Papadopoulos Critical Care (2016) 20:308 DOI 10.1186/s13054-016-1490-3 VIEWPOINT Open Access Spinal cord injury: is monitoring from the injury site the future? Samira Saadoun and Marios C. Papadopoulos* within 24 h compared with >24 h after cervical TSCI Abstract [4]. This study was underpowered, not randomized, and This paper challenges the current management of not blinded. In the UK [3] and internationally [2, 5] acute traumatic spinal cord injury based on our there is no consensus on the timing or even the role of experience with monitoring from the injury site in the surgery for TSCI. Below, we argue that early surgery is neurointensive care unit. We argue that the concept controversial because surgeons perform bony decom- of bony decompression is inadequate. The concept of pression, but fail to relieve the dural compression. optimum spinal cord perfusion pressure, which differs between patients, is introduced. Such variability Medical and nursing management suggests individualized patient treatment. Failing to There are no drugs that improve outcome after TSCI. The optimize spinal cord perfusion limits the entry of North American Spinal Cord Injury Studies suggested that systemically administered drugs into the injured cord. methylprednisolone given within 8 h after TSCI improves We conclude that monitoring from the injury site outcome [6, 7], but their findings have been criticized; helps optimize management and should be subjected methylprednisolone is no longer standard of care [3, 8, 9]. to a trial to determine whether it improves outcome. The optimum mean arterial pressure (MAP) after TSCI is Keywords: Blood pressure, CNS injury, Clinical trial, unknown. -
Disc Herniation
Disc Herniation What is a herniated disc? The spinal column is made up of bones that provide stability. In between the bones are cushions called discs; these discs act as shock absorbers. The discs are made up of a two parts: an outer shell of cartilage called the annulus fibrosis and a gel-like inner substance called the nucleus pulposus. In other words, a disc is like a jelly donut with an outer crust and soft filling. A disc herniation means that some of the gel inside the disc has leaked from its outer covering. This changes the shape of the disc leading to irritation and possibly compression of the spinal cord itself or one of its large branches. Disc herniations are much more common in adults than in children or adolescents. However, they can occur in young people, especially in athletes involved in gymnastics, golf, diving and weightlifting. How does disc herniation occur? Disc herniations occur when the bending or twisting forces placed on the spine cause too much physical stress for the disc to absorb. A disc herniation can occur with just one movement of the spine (e.g. picking up a heavy object) or it can be from a repetitive movement (e.g. a golf swing). Sometimes a disc herniation can result from a fall or accident. What are the sign and symptoms? Disc herniations can lead to back pain as well as pain into the buttocks and one or both legs. The pain is usually worse with activity, especially with bending forward, sitting, laughing or coughing. -
Acute High Cervical Disc Herniation: a Confounding Presentation and New Algorithm to Ensure Correct Diagnosis
Central Annals of Emergency Surgery Bringing Excellence in Open Access Case Report *Corresponding author Bijan J. Ameri, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Broward Health Medical Center, 1227 SW 19th Ave. Fort Acute High Cervical Disc Lauderdale, FL 33312, USA, Email: Submitted: 13 February 2018 Herniation: A Confounding Accepted: 27 February 2018 Published: 28 February 2018 Copyright Presentation and New © 2018 Ameri et al. ISSN: 2573-1017 Algorithm to Ensure Correct OPEN ACCESS Diagnosis Keywords William A. Kunkle1, Bijan J. Ameri2*, Michael O. Madden2, • Cervical disc; Cervical spine surgery; Discectomy; Spinal decompression surgery; Cervical disc 3 4 Stuart H. Hershman , and Justin J. Park herniation; Cervical; Spine; High disc herniation; 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, USA Stroke; Dissection; CTA; MRA 2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Broward Health Medical Center, USA 3Department of Orthoapaedic Surgery, Massachussetts General Hospital, USA 4Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maryland Spine Center at Mercy Hospital, USA Abstract High cervical disc herniation (C2/3 and C3/4) is a rare and potentially debilitating injury. Most cervical disc herniations occur at C5/6, or C6/7; less than 1% occurs at C2/3 and only 4% to 8% at C3/4. Patients with a high cervical disc herniation can present with headache, neck pain, and unilateral numbness and weakness. Diagnostic tests such as non-contrast computed tomography (CT) of the brain and angiogram of the neck are commonly utilized to rule out cerebral vascular accident (CVA) and/or carotid artery dissection; these pathologies can present with similar symptoms, however these commonly obtained tests will often fail to diagnose a high cervical disc herniation. -
Schmorl's Node As Cause of a Back Pain
Case Report Annals of Clinical Case Reports Published: 23 Jul, 2021 Schmorl’s Node as Cause of a Back Pain: Case Report Mustafa Alaziz1 and Samir I Talib2* 1Uwaydah Clinic, USA 2Department of Internal Medicine, Raritan Bay Medical Center, USA Abstract Background: Schmorl’s node is a vertical herniation of the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc into the vertebral endplates. Several theories have been proposed to explain the pathophysiology of Schmorl’s node. It can be asymptomatic or it can result in a back pain. It can be isolated findings, or it can be associated with horizontal intervertebral disc herniation. Case Report: We present a case of symptomatic SN associated with horizontal intervertebral disc herniation in a 41 years male presented with complaints of low back pain radiating to the right buttock. Conclusion: Most cases of symptomatic Schmorl’s nodes respond to conservative treatment, however, several surgical intervention options can be used for refractory cases. Keywords: Schmorl’s node; Symptomatic; Back pain Introduction Schmorl Nodes (SNs) are a type of vertebral end-plate lesion, in which the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc herniates through the vertebral endplate into the body of the adjacent vertebra [1]. The Intervertebral disc consists of three parts [2]: First; the central part or the nucleus pulposus, which is the gelatinous layer of a hydrated collagen-proteoglycan gel, mainly type II collagen, acts as a shock absorber. Second; the outer part or the annulus fibrous consists of several laminated layers of fibrocartilage made up of both type I and type II collagen [2-4]. -
Indications for Fusion Following Decompression for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Neurosurg Focus 3 (2): Article 2, 1997 Indications for fusion following decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis Mark W. Fox, M.D., and Burton M. Onofrio, M.D. Neurosurgery Associates, Limited, St. Paul, Minnesota; and Department of Neurosurgery, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis is a common condition affecting middle-aged and elderly people. Significant controversy exists concerning the appropriate indications for fusion following decompressive surgery. The purpose of this report is to compare the clinical outcomes of patients who were and were not treated with fusion following decompressive laminectomy for spinal stenosis and to identify whether fusion was beneficial. The authors conclude that patients in whom concomitant fusion procedures were performed fared better than patients who were treated by means of decompression alone when evidence of radiological instability existed preoperatively. Key Words * lumbar spinal stenosis * laminectomy * fusion * indication The decision to perform fusion following decompression for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis has been studied by many authors.[14,16,30,52,69] Unfortunately, no clear consensus has been reached to determine which patients are most likely to benefit from a concomitant lumbar fusion. Patient satisfaction following lumbar decompression alone ranges from 59 to 96%, with early surgical failures resulting from inadequate decompression and preoperative lumbar instability.[2,4,8,12,21,22,26,29,31,34,65] Late recurrence of back or leg problems may also result from acquired spinal instability. The goal of this study was to analyze clinical outcomes in patients treated with and without fusion following lumbar decompression to determine which patients benefited most. The ability to identify predictive factors for successful surgery with fusion would improve overall clinical results and decrease both early and late failures caused by persistent or acquired spinal instability. -
Neurological Examination of the Peripheral Nervous
The Spine Journal - (2013) - Review Article Neurological examination of the peripheral nervous system to diagnose lumbar spinal disc herniation with suspected radiculopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis Nezar H. Al Nezari, PT, MPhty, Anthony G. Schneiders, PT, PhD*, Paul A. Hendrick, PT, MPhty, PhD Centre for Physiotherapy Research, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand Received 23 August 2011; revised 9 May 2012; accepted 8 February 2013 Abstract BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Disc herniation is a common low back pain (LBP) disorder, and several clinical test procedures are routinely employed in its diagnosis. The neurological examina- tion that assesses sensory neuron and motor responses has historically played a role in the differ- ential diagnosis of disc herniation, particularly when radiculopathy is suspected; however, the diagnostic ability of this examination has not been explicitly investigated. PURPOSE: To review the scientific literature to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the neurolog- ical examination to detect lumbar disc herniation with suspected radiculopathy. STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. METHODS: Six major electronic databases were searched with no date or language restrictions for relevant articles up until March 2011. All diagnostic studies investigating neurological impair- ments in LBP patients because of lumbar disc herniation were assessed for possible inclusion. Re- trieved studies were individually evaluated and assessed for quality using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool, and where appropriate, a meta-analysis was performed. RESULTS: A total of 14 studies that investigated three standard neurological examination com- ponents, sensory, motor, and reflexes, met the study criteria and were included. -
Disc Decompression Procedures Reference Number: CP.MP.114 Effective Date: 07/16 Coding Implications Last Review Date: 07/16 Revision Log
Clinical Policy: Disc Decompression Procedures Reference Number: CP.MP.114 Effective Date: 07/16 Coding Implications Last Review Date: 07/16 Revision Log See Important Reminder at the end of this policy for important regulatory and legal information. Description Microdiscectomy or open discectomy (MD/OD) are the standard procedures for symptomatic lumbar disc herniation and they involve removal of the portion of the intervertebral disc compressing the nerve root or spinal cord (or both) with or without the aid of a headlight loupe or microscope magnification. Potential advantages of newer minimally invasive discectomy (MID) procedures over standard MD/OD include less blood loss, less postoperative pain, shorter hospitalization and earlier return to work. Policy/Criteria I. It is the policy of health plans affiliated with Centene Corporation® that open discectomy and microdiscectomy are medically necessary when meeting all of the following: A. Age ≥ 18; B. Diagnosis of herniated lumbar disc; C. Nerve root compression confirmed by imaging and one of the following: 1. Unilateral radiculopathy with motor deficit and one of the following: a. Severe weakness in a nerve root distribution, as evidenced by: a score of < 2 on the Medical Research Council 0 to 5 muscle strength scale, or the inability to ambulate; b. Mild to moderate weakness in a nerve root distribution, as evidenced by a score of 3 or 4 on the Medical Research Council 0 to 5 muscle strength scale and one of the following: i. Worsening weakness or motor deficit; ii. Patient has failed to respond to conservative therapy including all of the following: a) ≥ 6 weeks physical therapy or prescribed home exercise program; b) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) or acetaminophen ≥ 3 weeks unless contraindicated or not tolerated; c) ≥ 6 weeks activity modification; 2. -
The Benefits of Oxygen Ozone Injection Therapy for the Treatment of Spinal Disc Herniations
The Benefits of Oxygen Ozone Injection Therapy for the Treatment of Spinal Disc Herniations Copyright © 2019 Alternative Disc Therapy | www.alternativedisctherapy.com The Benefits of Oxygen Ozone Injection Therapy For Spinal Disc Herniations Legal Notice: This eBook is copyright protected. This is only for per- sonal use. You cannot amend, distribute, sell, use, quote or paraphrase any part of the content within this eBook without the consent of the author or copy- right owner. Legal action will be pursued if this is breached. Disclaimer Notice: Please note that the information contained within this document is for educational purposes only. The con- tent is not meant to be complete or exhaustive or to be applicable to a specific individual’s medical condi- tion. This ebook is not an attempt to practice medicine or provide specific medical advice, and it should not be used to make a diagnosis or to replace or overrule a qualified health care provider’s judgment. Users should not rely upon this ebook for emergency medi- cal treatment. The content of this ebook is not intend- ed to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment or to replace a consult with a qualified licensed physician. No warranties of any kind are expressed or implied. Copyright © 2019 Alternative Disc Therapy | www.alternativedisctherapy.com The Benefits of Oxygen Ozone Injection Therapy For Spinal Disc Herniations surgery you will require months of rehabilitation pain that is caused by a disc herniation without any 4. The positive outcome from ozone injection the benefits of this treatment. However, if a second Spinal Disc Herniation Benefits of Oxygen Ozone Injections dure is mechanical in nature. -
APPROACH to a PATIENT with BACK PAIN Supervisor: Dr
APPROACH TO A PATIENT WITH BACK PAIN Supervisor: Dr. Amr Jamal PRESENTATION DONE BY: Abdulaziz Mustafa Shadid Mohammed Khalid Alayed Faisal Salahuddin Alfawaz Mohammad Ibrahim Almutlaq Khaleel Ghalayini OBJECTIVES: 1. Common causes. 2. Diagnosis including history, Red Flags, and Examination. 3. Brief comment on Mechanical, Inflammatory, Root nerve compression, and Malignancy. 4. Role of primary health care in management. 5. When to refer to a specialist. 6. Prevention and Education. MCQS MCQS Which one of the following is the leading cause of sciatica? A. Piriformis syndrome B. Spinal stenosis C. Spinal disc herniation D. Spondylolisthesis MCQS Why are traumatic injuries to the sciatic nerve relatively uncommon? A. the nerve is highly resistant to traumatic B. the nerve repairs itself very quickly so damage is often not noticed C. the nerve runs deep to a lot of tissue and so is protected D. the nerve has a thick fibrous coating for protection MCQS Which one of the following is the most common site for disc herniations? A. L5-S1 B. L4-L5 C. T1-T2 D. T10-T11 MCQS Which one of the following is the most common cause for lower back pain? A. Ankylosing spondylitis B. Muscle strain C. Vertebral fracture D. Spinal stenosis MCQS A 44 years old women came to the physician because several months history of low back pain that started gradually. Pain is worst in the morning and associated with stiffness which become better throughout the day. Which one of the following is most likely the cause of her pain? A. Muscle strain B. Vertebral fracture C. -
2018 Nuvasive® Reimbursement Guide
2018 NuVasive® Reimbursement Guide Assisting physicians and facilities in accurate billing for NuVasive implants and instrumentation systems. 2018 Reimbursement Guide Contents I. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................2 II. Physician Coding and Payment ......................................................................................................................................2 Fusion Facilitating Technologies ............................................................................................................................................. 2 NVM5® Intraoperative Monitoring System ........................................................................................................................... 12 III. Hospital Inpatient Coding and Payment ....................................................................................................................13 NuVasive® Technology ..........................................................................................................................................................13 Non-Medicare Reimbursement ............................................................................................................................................13 IV. Outpatient Facility Coding and Payment ..................................................................................................................14 Hospital Outpatient