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Plan De Manejo Sff Guanentá Alto Río Fonce 2018 F PLAN DE MANEJO SFF GUANENTÁ ALTO RÍO FONCE 2018 - 2023 Duitama, 2018 Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia Santuario de Fauna y Flora Guanentá Ato Río Fonce Plan de Manejo 2018-2023 Directora General Julia Miranda Londoño Subdirectora Gestión y Manejo Edna María Carolina Jarro Fajardo Subdirector Sostenibilidad y Negocios Ambientales Carlos Mario Tamayo Subdirectora Administrativa Nubia Lucia Wilches Jefe Oficina Asesora Jurídica Marcela Jiménez Dirección Territorial Andes Occidentales Fabio Villamizar Durán Profesionales del Grupo de Planeación y Manejo que apoyaron la elaboración del Documento Marta Cecilia Díaz Leguizamón Zoraida Jiménez Andrea Barrero Equipo técnico DTAO Nancy Rivera Equipo de trabajo SFF Guanentá Alto Río Fonce que participaron en la formulación del Plan de Manejo: Fabio Uriel Muñoz Blanco – Jefe de Área Protegida Merly Yenedith Carrillo Fajardo – Profesional Universitaria- Feb de 2012 a ene 2014 Natalia Rodríguez Acero – Profesional Universitaria feb 2012 a mar 2015 Nancy Karina Viles López – Profesional Universitaria feb 2015 a feb 2016 Ivan Andrés Díaz Concha - Profesional Universitario abr 2015 a 4 jul 2016 Ninfa Carolina Menjura – Profesional universitario 5 julio 2015 en adelante Jorge Saúl Villamil Maldonado – Técnico Administrativo Herber León Palacios Leal – Operario Calificado Miguel Ángel Naranjo Moreno – Operario Calificado José Ariel Dueñas Cepeda – Profesional Plan de Manejo I etapa Patricia Téllez – Profesional Plan de Manejo II etapa 2 Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia Santuario de Fauna y Flora Guanentá Ato Río Fonce Plan de Manejo 2018-2023 TABLA DE CONTENIDO INTRODUCCIÓN ........................................................................................................................ 8 1. DIAGNÓSTICO ................................................................................................................... 9 1.1. CONTEXTO REGIONAL- AMBITO GEOGRÁFICO ......................................................... 9 1.1.1. Descripción de los límites del SUBSISTEMA REGIONAL ANDES NORORIENTALES ......................................................................................................................................... 9 1.1.2. CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICO BIÓTICAS de la region nororiental .......................... 10 1.1.3. CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIOCULTURALES DE LA REGIÓN NORORIENTAL ...... 12 1.1.4. Problemática ambiental de la región nororiental ..................................................... 15 1.1.5. Proyeccion del ecoturismo en la región ........................................................................ 19 1.2. CONTEXTO REGIONAL- AMBITO DE GESTION ......................................................... 21 1.2.1. AREAS PROTEGIDAS DE LA REGION ANDES NORORIENTALES ........................ 21 1.2.2. ESCENARIOS DE GESTIÓN Y AVANCES ......................................................................... 25 1.3. CONTEXTO LOCAL .............................................................................................................. 27 1.3.1. ORDENAMIENTO TERRITORIAL LOCAL ...................................................................... 27 1.3.2. ASPECTOS SOCIO ECONOMICOS LOCALES .................................................................. 30 1.3.3. ASPECTOS SOCIOCULTURALES ........................................................................................ 33 1.3.4. DINÁMICAS Y MODELOS DE USO, OCUPACIÓN Y TRANSFORMACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO ................................................................................................................................................ 34 1.4. IMPORTANCIA Y FUNCIÓN DEL ÁREA PROTEGIDA EN EL CONTEXTO LOCAL, REGIONAL Y NACIONAL ................................................................................................................ 40 1.5. CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL ÁREA PROTEGIDA ............................................................. 41 1.5.1. DECLARATORIA ...................................................................................................................... 41 1.5.2. ASPECTOS ABIÓTICOS ......................................................................................................... 42 1.5.2.1. FISIOGRAFÍA ......................................................................................................................................... 42 1.5.2.2. GEOLOGÍA ............................................................................................................................................... 52 1.5.2.3. HIDROGRAFÍA ...................................................................................................................................... 56 1.5.2.1. CLIMA ....................................................................................................................................................... 58 1.5.3. ASPECTOS BIÓTICOS ............................................................................................................ 72 1.5.3.1. ECOSISTEMAS ....................................................................................................................................... 72 1.5.3.2. ANÁLISIS MULTITEMPORAL DE COBERTURAS: APROXIMACIÓN A LA INTEGRIDAD ECOLÓGICA DEL SANTUARIO ................................................................................................ 76 1.5.3.3. FLORA ....................................................................................................................................................... 83 1.5.3.4. FAUNA ...................................................................................................................................................... 87 1.5.3.5. BIENES Y SERVICIOS ECOSISTÉMICOS QUE PRESTA EL ÁREA PROTEGIDA ........... 99 1.5.4. VOCACIÓN ECOTURÍSTICA DEL SANTUARIO........................................................... 101 1.5.5. TENENCIA DE LA TIERRA (ASPECTOS PREDIALES) ............................................ 106 1.5.6. SECTORIZACION DEL PARQUE PARA PREVENCION, CONTROL Y VIGILANCIA 117 1.6. OBJETIVO DE CONSERVACIÓN .................................................................................... 118 1.7. VALORES OBJETO DE CONSERVACIÓN (VOC)........................................................ 119 1.7.1. COBERTURA DE BOSQUE DENSO ALTO DE TIERRA FIRME .............................. 120 1.7.2. COBERTURA DE ARBUSTALES ....................................................................................... 123 1.7.3. RECURSO HÍDRICO ASOCIADO A LA PARTE ALTA DE LA SUB-CUENCA DEL RÍO NEGRO ................................................................................................................................................. 127 1.8. ANÁLISIS DE RIESGO ECOSISTÉMICO ....................................................................... 128 3 Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia Santuario de Fauna y Flora Guanentá Ato Río Fonce Plan de Manejo 2018-2023 1.8.1. PRIORIZACION DE PRESIONES ...................................................................................... 128 1.8.2. Caracterización de presiones .......................................................................................... 130 1.8.3. calificación de presiones ................................................................................................... 135 1.9. ANÁLISIS DE VULNERABILIDAD ECOSISTÉMICA ................................................. 135 1.9.1. ESCENARIOS DE RIESGO ................................................................................................... 135 1.10. RESPUESTA INSTITUCIONAL Y SOCIAL A LOS REQUERIMIENTOS DE ADMINISTRACIÓN Y MANEJO DEL ÁREA PROTEGIDA EN EL PLAN DE MANEJO ADOPTADO EN 2007 ................................................................................................................... 137 1.11. ANÁLISIS SITUACIONAL DE ACTORES ................................................................. 142 1.11.1. CARACTERIZACIÓN DE ACTORES IMPRESCINDIBLES ........................................ 143 1.11.2. Análisis Relacional ............................................................................................................... 147 1.12. SÍNTESIS DIAGNÓSTICA............................................................................................ 150 1.12.1. SITUACIONES DE MANEJO ............................................................................................... 151 II. ORDENAMIENTO ......................................................................................................... 160 2.1. ZONIFICACION DE MANEJO .......................................................................................... 161 2.1.1. ANALISIS DE LA ZONIFICACION DE MANEJO INCLUIDA EN EL PLAN DE MANEJO ADOPTADO EN 2007. .......................................................................................................... 163 2.1.2. ZONIFICACION DE MANEJO ............................................................................................. 163 2.1.3. REGLAMENTACIÓN DE USOS .......................................................................................... 176 2.2. PROPUESTA DE ZONA CON FUNCION AMORTIGUADORA ................................. 178 2.2.1. CRITERIOS DE DELIMITACION ................................................................................... 179 2.2.2. DELIMITACION DE LA ZONA CON FUNCION AMORTIGUADORA .................... 181 2.2.3. ZONIFICACION DE LA ZONA CON FUNCION AMORTIGUADORA ..................... 184 2.2.4. ACCIONES PROPUESTAS PARA FORTALECER LA FUNCIÓN AMORTIGUADORA
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