To print the Hooha Game: Choose either of the buttons (below). The A3 version is separate file. Use Acrobat reader to open, select page setup and set to size. Select the 'fit to page' option in the print box. Print & play. HoohaA3 HoohaA4 Reform and only joint sitting of both customary practice, replacing became a crucial factor in the The Whitlam Government came Houses of the Parliament. two Labor senators with anti- constitutional crisis that to power on 2nd December Labor independents. developed when the Senate, 1972, becoming the first Labor This situation created a majority controlled by the opposition, Government in 23 years. in the Senate for the opposition. delayed approval of the In a whirlwind of change they This majority was used to reject government’s money bills for banned conscription, withdrew the Whitlam government’s 1975-76. Australia's remaining troops from Political and economic crises budget, which had been Dr Jim Cairns, deputy prime Vietnam, changed Australia's After the 1973 oil crisis, the presented to the Senate in minister and minister for the ASIO was empowered to collect voting on Southern Africa Whitlam government’s reforms October. environment, had been sacked in and evaluate information questions in the UN, negotiated slowed as all western economies Fraser, claiming ‘extraordinary July for misleading parliament relevant to the nation’s security, diplomatic relations with went into recession and inflation and reprehensible over his attempts to raise other and to communicate this to those Communist China, introduced mounted. circumstances’, announced that government loans overseas. deemed relevant by its director- free tertiary education, abolished A series of political and the opposition would refuse to In October, a beleaguered general, who in turn reported to the death penalty, reduced the economic crises racked the pass the budget bills in the Whitlam denied that his the attorney-general. voting age to 18 years, ended Whitlam government throughout Senate unless Whitlam called, government was still involved in Relations between ASIO and the what remained of the "White 1975. Unemployment was at the 18 months early, an election for loan-raising activities, but Labor party were poor. Many Australia Policy", made highest rate since the the House of Representatives. evidence from a London-based ALP activists knew they were "Advance Australia Fair" the Depression. Additionally, there Whitlam stood firm on the intermediary, Tirath Khemlani, subject to surveillance by ASIO, national anthem, and was a change in the leadership principle of the supremacy of the was produced in parliament to and ASIO had reported Jim commissioned inquiries into of the Liberal Party when lower house. show that Rex Connor, minister Cairns as a potential threat to schooling and Aboriginal land Malcolm Fraser replaced Billy for minerals and energy, had As the pressure rose the democratic order as a prominent rights. Snedden after his third been continuing negotiations anti-war activist. leadership challenge. likelihood increased of the despite the revocation of his They were elected again on 18th In 1973 attorney-general Lionel government making alternative authority to raise such loans. May 1974 after Gough Whitlam A massive swing against Labor Murphy was praised when he financial arrangements so as to Connor was also sacked. secured a dissolution of both encouraged the opposition to be able to govern without the organised a raid of ASIO’s Houses in April 1974 after the force an early election when money supply. Melbourne headquarters to seize Senate twice rejected the bills Whitlam and Fraser campaigned ASIO and the CIA documents he claimed ASIO had setting up Medibank - Australia's against each other for the first The Middle East ‘loans affair’ Australian Security Intelligence withheld from him. first comprehensive national time in the Bass by-election. Organisation (ASIO) was a The press released information ASIO chiefs were appalled as it health system - and the bills The decision of the government domestic counter-espionage reduced ASIO’s standing as the ensuring one vote one value to elevate Senator, Lionel regarding moves by the Labor organisation created in 1949 to government to raise overseas partner of foreign intelligence in elections for the House of Murphy, to the High Court, and include Australia in the agencies, including the US Representatives and introducing the death of a Labor senator loan money from the Middle East intelligence-sharing network with and the secret negotiations Central Intelligence Agency senators for the Territories. The from Queensland left two seats allied countries following the (CIA). Medibank and electoral bills vacant in the Senate. involved. Second World War, including were then passed at the first The NSW and Queensland The so-called ‘loans affair’ USA, Britain and Canada. (continued) governments chose not to follow To print the Hooha Game: Choose either of the buttons (right). The A3 version is separate file. HoohaA3 HoohaA4 Use Acrobat reader to open, select page setup and set to size. Select the 'fit to page' option in the print box. Print & play. The US communications base at House of Representatives and Liberal landslide Other events referred to Rescue Motor Car Pine Gap in the Northern the Senate. In a general election on 13 in the Hooha game Manufacturer. Territory helped the CIA watch Whitlam needed at least two December, the new government Whitlam did a deal on tariffs and monitor governments seen opposition Senators to vote with won a landslide victory. Labor Purchase of Blue Poles. to persuade Holden to stay as hostile to US interests. the government to pass the lost 29 seats, and Fraser had the The Whitlam government had a in Australia. Jim Cairns was not allowed to budget; four of them have since largest majority ever - 55 - in the purchasing program for the Middle East Policy. visit parts of Pine Gap to which stated publicly that they were history of the House of National Gallery as part of its Whitlam was trying to be even other senior politicians had had within 48 hours of doing so. Representatives. funding for the Arts. handed. The government was at access. On the verge of success for The most important questions One of the purchases, Jackson the time embarrassed about PLO The CIA was particularly Whitlam’s strategy, the governor- which made possible the events Pollock's Blue Poles for $1.3m, sympathisers within the party. concerned in October 1975 when general, Sir John Kerr, without of November 1975, such as the was considered extravagant by You are the greatest! Whitlam named in Parliament warning or discussion, abruptly powers of the Senate vis-à-vis some at the time. CIA official and former head of ended the crisis, the contest and the House of Representatives, or Whitlam declared himself the operations at Pine Gap, Richard the Whitlam government. the powers of the governor Appoint Rebel Senator greatest Australian PM ever. Ambassador to Ireland. Stallings. On 11 November 1975 the prime general vis-à-vis the prime Hot Coals. Whitlam, needing to counter minister, Gough Whitlam, was minister, remain unresolved. The Democratic Labor Party In response to the rumour of a attack the opposition during the dismissed by Kerr, the governor- Succeeding governors-general voted with the coalition, much leadership overthrow in the supply crisis, had wanted to general whose appointment have restored general to the aggravation of the Labor Liberal Party, leader Billy bring up Stallings’ association Whitlam had recommended. confidence in office, but a hostile government. When the Snedden said his staff and with the then National Party Senate could still force an opportunity arose, Whitlam supporters would walk over hot The leader of the opposition appointed the leader of the DLP, leader Doug Anthony, ignoring parties, Malcolm Fraser, was elected government to an early coals for him. the cautions of Sir Arthur Tange, election. Vincent Gair, as ambassador Insult US Ambassador. appointed as caretaker prime to Ireland hoping to increase the head of the Department of minister. When Whitlam rebuked General Defence. chance of his successor being a Sources: Curthoys, A., Martin, A.W., & Labor member following the next Motors Holden, the US The CIA made their displeasure Controversy Rowse, T., (eds.), Australians from 1939 half Senate election. ambassador took it as an insult known to senior officials in ASIO (1987). Aplin, G., Foster, S. G., as he was a former head of and the Department of Defence, There was intense controversy McKernan, M., (eds.), Australians: A The scheme was derailed by GMH. over the governor-general’s Historical Dictionary (1987). Aplin, G., then Queensland Premier Joh hoping they would counsel Foster, S. G., McKernan, M., (eds.), Morosi Affair. Whitlam to be discreet. actions, especially when Kerr Bjelke-Petersen who had writs announced that he had sought Australians: Events and Places (1987). for the election issued before Dr Jim Cairns conducted a rather Tange and his colleagues did not the advice of Sir Garfield Gair had resigned. public romance with Juni Morosi. want public debate about Pine Barwick, chief justice of Australia Queensland State Election. Gap so close to the date for the and a former Liberal minister. Joh Bjelke-Petersen, who gave renewal of its lease, 10 Fat Cats. Whitlam no end of trouble, won December 1975. The extraordinary manner in It was asserted that top which the Whitlam government executive public servants were the election. lost office also fostered belief feathering their own nests. Dismissal within elements of the Labor The refusal of the senate Party that the CIA and ASIO had opposition to pass the budget played some part in effecting CHECK OUT THE GAME culminated in a four-week its downfall. ON THE NEXT PAGE! contest of wills between the Sir John Kerr consistently denied this charge. .