CHAPTER 4: Cell Structure and Function Review Crossword

Unit 2 Test Review Sheet I. Starts with:

1. Small structure in a cell that performs a specific function = _O______2. Dark spot in the nucleus where RNA for ribosomes is made = _N______3. Sac of digestive hydrolytic enzymes = _L______4. _R______ER is covered by ribosomes and transports substances to the Golgi apparatus. 5. The _C______W______is found outside the cell membrane in plants and bacteria and provides support and protection. 6. These sausage shaped organelles burn glucose and store the energy as ATP = _M______7. The molecule used by cells to store genetic information = _D_ __ __ 8. An organism with a nuclear membrane and organelles surrounded by membranes = _E______9. The _N______is surrounded by a double membrane, contains the cells DNA, and acts as the control center. 10. One or two long hair-like structures called _F______extend from the surface and help move the cell. 11. The _C______contains the gel-like material and organelles located between the nucleus and cell membrane. 12. Smooth ER has several functions including regulating calcium levels in muscle cells, breaking down toxins in liver cells, and making membrane lipids called _S______. 13. The mitochondria and chloroplast have a _D______membrane. 14. A cell membrane is a _B______because the phospholipids line up in TWO ROWS to try and keep their hydrophobic tails away from water. 15. The _C______M______surrounds all cells and is selectively permeable to control what enters and leaves the cell. 16.The function of ribosomes is to make _P______. 17. ER is an abbreviation for _E______R______18. _S______ER does NOT have ribosomes attached. 19. The thylakoid sacs found inside a _C______are where photosynthesis happens in plant cells. 20. _P______have a polar head and two non-polar tails and combine with proteins to make cell membranes. 21. A _G______apparatus looks like stacks of pancakes which modifies, sorts, and packages molecules for storage or transport out of the cell. 22. INTERGRAL proteins stick into the cell membrane. They can go part way or all the way through to the other side. 23. Space for storing food, water, enzymes, or waste = _V______24. A _P______is an organism like a bacterium with NO NUCLEAR MEMBRANE and NO MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES. 25. _R______are small structures that make proteins. 26. _B______would be examples of cells that are PROKARYOTES. 27. The _C______is made of microtubules and microfilaments in the cytoplasm which provide support and give the cell its shape. 28. Molecule used by mitochondria to store energy = _A_ __ __ 29. _C______are log-like structures that appear during cell division in animal cells and pull the chromosomes apart. A. Hooke II. Matching – each response is used one time ______30. The first scientist to describe living organisms in B. Transmission E.M. pond water as seen through a microscope. ______31. Named the Nucleus C. van Leeuwenhoek ______32. Uses 2 or more lenses to magnify either living cells or prepared slides, magnifies to 1000X D. compound light ______33. Sends a beam of electrons through a specimen to show microscope Internal structures ______34. Came up with the Endosymbiotic Theory ______35. The scientist who first discovered that cork was composed E. Matthais Schleiden of tiny, hollow boxes F. Rudolf Virchow ______36.. Concluded that all animals are made of cells. G. Theodor Schwann ______37. Stated cell membrane is a physical structure ______38. Concluded that all cells come from preexisting cells. H. Scanning E.M. ______39. Concluded that all plants are made of cells. I. Lynn Margulis J. Janet Plowe ______40. Can give a 1,000,000X 3D image K. Robert Brown

III. Complete the table by placing a check mark under the appropriate column(s). Characteristic Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Cells cells Contain definite nucleus Have complex membrane bound structures Cells are larger All are single-cellular Contain DNA Have a cell membrane . Contains Ribosomes

IV. Identify each statement as describing cell membrane or cell wall.

______41. A firm structure that protects and gives shape to the cell. ______42. Flexible, allows the cell to change its shape ______43. Not found in animal cells, but in plants, bacteria, & fungi ______44. Helps maintain a chemical balance within the cell

V. Viruses 45. Viruses can only reproduce in a ______cell and are considered ______. 46. Viruses are composed of ______and a ______coat. 47. The viral cycle that quickly causes the cell to burst is the ______cycle. EX:______48. Examples of a lysogenic infection are ______and HIV.