UTI-111 Test 3 Review (11/17/2009)

Name: ______

1. A major advantage of a fuel cell over a standard battery is that A. as long as oxygen and fuel are supplied, a fuel cell will not “run down” like a battery will. B. a fuel cell generates electricity without the need for an oxidation-reduction reaction. C. a fuel cell is 100% efficient at generating electricity, whereas a battery is less than 1% efficient. D. as it generates electricity, a fuel cell produces more fuel than it uses. 2. Which is not a current or planned use for the electricity generated by fuel cells? A. as the output of small power plants B. to operate space shuttles C. to control nuclear fusion D. to power a cell phone 3. At present, it will be difficult and perhaps inappropriate to develop an economy based on burning hydrogen rather than natural gas or gasoline because A. hydrogen is a dirty fuel. Burning hydrogen produces significantly more pollutants than burning natural gas or gasoline. B. hydrogen is not an efficient fuel. Per gram, hydrogen has about the lowest heat of combustion of any known substance, much lower than natural gas or gasoline. C. although hydrogen is abundant, pure hydrogen is not found naturally on earth. Hydrogen is difficult or expensive to isolate and collect. D. being such a light element, hydrogen will not flow through pipelines the way natural gas or gasoline do. Hydrogen cannot easily be delivered from where it is produced to the places where it is needed. 4. What is the difference between a battery and a fuel cell? A. A battery eventually dies, but a fuel cell continually recharges itself. B. A fuel cell can be used only in a car, while batteries have lots of uses. C. Fuel cells are cheaper than batteries. 5. The first fuel cell was invented by Sir William Grove in: A. 1839 B. 1915 C. 1989 6. If you see a car running off a fuel cell, that cell is probably a: A. polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) B. solid oxide fuel cell C. alkaline fuel cell 7. What are the four main parts of a PEMFC? A. the catalyst, the battery, the cathode and the anode B. the anode, the cathode, the electrolyte and the catalyst C. the electrolyte, the catalyst, the anode and the generator 8. A PEMFC converts: A. hydrogen and oxygen into water B. water into hydrogen and oxygen C. hydrogen and carbon into propane 9. The byproducts PEMFC creates are: A. carbon dioxide and water B. heat and water C. hydrogen monoxide and water 10. What is one of the primary downsides of fuel cells? A. Weight B. Cost C. Pollution 11. The weather can be a problem for PEMFCs because: A. Their interior membrane has to stay moist for the cell to work. B. The cell will short-circuit if it gets wet. C. A PEMFC is very sensitive to minute changes in temperature. 12. The Hydrogen Fuel Initiative (HFI) encourages the development of hydrogen and fuel-cell technologies. This initiative was announced: A. by President Clinton in 2000 B. by President Bush in 2003 C. by President Obama in 2009 13. The U.S. government is funding fuel cell research because: A. Fuel cells are much more efficient than other power sources. B. Fuel cells can cut down on the amount of oil Americans use. C. The hydrogen infrastructure needed to support fuel cell use will be cheap to build. 14. Where does the word *geothermal* come from? a. Mexico b. Greece c. France 15. How is geothermal water heated under the earth's surface? a. naturally hot water b. extremely cold so you think it is hot water c. earth's core heat's up the water 16. How does geothermal work? a. water---> spins turbine ----> drives electric generator b. water---> steam -----> spins generator ---> drives turbine c. water ---> steam ----> spins turbine ---> drives electric generator 17. How much electricity we produce is geothermal electricity? a. 10% b. 35% c. 50% 18. What is another way we can use geothermal energy other than electricity? a. Soil b. Electricity c. hot water 19. Geothermal does not give off ______. a. Energy b. Heat c. extra carbon 20. Geothermal water temperatures range at about ______degrees. a. 250-360 degrees b. 400-500 degrees c. 100-267 degrees 21. A hydrogen fuel cell does not operate like a battery. A. True B. False 22. A hydrogen fuel cell does not run down or need to be recharged. A. True B. False 23. All fuel cells use hydrogen as fuel. A. True B. False 24. Two electrodes are positioned around an electrolyte. A. True B. False 25. Hydrogen passes over on electrode, and oxygen goes around another. A. True B. False 26. Heat is not a energy that is generated. A. True B. False 27. A hydrogen fuel cell can produce little or high amounts of electrical power. A. True B. False 28. Mechanical energy is converted to heat then to Chemical energy and then to useful electrical energy. A. True B. False 29. The bond between hydrogen and hydrogen- based fuels is converted to electrical energy. A. True B. False 30. The conversion of hydrogen carriers such as methanol connects to fuel cells. A. True B. False 31-40. Fill in the blanks with the words in the list. barrage, estuary, expensive, France, fuel, large, pollution renewable, Severn, turbines

There is a great deal of energy in tides. To use it, we can build a large dam, called a tidal ______, across an ______where the tides are strong. There are proposals to build one across the river ______in the UK. Tidal energy is ______, needs no ______and produces no ______. However, such a huge dam is very ______to build and will affect the environment over a ______area. The largest one in the world so far is in the Rance estuary, in ______. An alternative is offshore ______, like an underwater wind farm. This will not have such a dramatic effect on the surrounding area. It will only generate power when the tide is going in or out, but we know when this will be so we can easily plan for it.

41-50. Fill in the blanks with the words in the list. depth, drill, electricity, energy , gases, hot, pump, renewable, steam, water

Geothermal power means getting ______from ______rocks underground. This is ______so long as we don't take too much energy out and cool the rocks too much. Hot ______comes up out of the hole we've drilled and usually "flashes" into ______. This can drive turbines and generators, to make ______. At some sites we have to ______water down, at others hot water comes up anyway. Sometimes poisonous ______come up too. Geothermal power can occasionally be unreliable, and there are not many suitable sites because there needs to be the right type of rock at a ______we can reach, underneath rock which isn't too hard to ______through.