2Nd 9 Weeks Test Study Guide

2nd 9 Weeks Test Study Guide

Circulatory System

1. What are the functions of the circulatory system? 2. Which side of the heart carries deoxygenated blood? 3. Where are blood cells made? 4. What two substances for cellular respiration does the blood carry to all cells? 5. What is the equation for cellular respiration? 6. What are capillaries? 7. What carries blood TO the heart? What carries AWAY from the heart? 8. What are the two UPPER chambers of the heart called? The two LOWER? 9. Why is the heart called a double pump? 10. What is the function of the heart valves? 11. What is the function of hemoglobin? 12. Is blood oxygen rich or poor in the aorta? 13. What is the function of white blood cells? 14. What is the function of red blood cells? 15. What is the function of platelets? 16. What is the function of plasma? 17. What is homeostasis? 18. What color is oxygen poor blood? 19. Why is having narrowed arteries from plaque build-up unhealthy? 20. What blood type is the universal donor? What is the universal recipient? 21. What blood types can (a) Type A, (b) Type B, (c) Type AB, and (d) Type O receive? Nervous System 22. List the correct order an impulse travels through a neuron. 23. What are the functions of the nervous system? 24. What is a sensory (afferent) neuron? 25. What is an interneuron (associate)? 26. What is a motor (efferent) neuron? 27. If you were going to pick up a coin from the floor, explain how you would use your sensory/interneuron/motor neurons. 28. What is the function of the cerebellum? 29. Contrast central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. 30. What does the somatic nervous system control? 31. What does the autonomic nervous system control? 32. What is the difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic? 33. What is a concussion? Characteristics of Life Which characteristic of life does each question represent? 34. Some fish lay their eggs in the water where sperm may fertilize them later. 35. A protozoan is a unicellular fresh water organism. 36. Red blood cells are not considered living because they do not have DNA. 37. Mrs. Jones’ baby is taller by 3 inches since his last doctor’s appointment. 38. Mouths water when the smell of popcorn drifts through the movie theater. 39. A cat is considered an adult at one year old. 40. Since 1971, Italian wall lizards have adapted to their new island habitat, eating the plentiful plants instead of the insects they used to eat. 41. Runners like to eat lots of carbohydrate-rich food such as pasta or rice before a big race. 42. Students sitting in class have regular heartbeats, steady breathing rates, and normal digestion. Microscopes 43. Label the parts on the diagram above. 44. How do you calculate magnification? 45. What is the usual power of the eyepiece lens? 46. Contrast coarse and fine adjustment knobs.

1. Carry oxygen and nutrients to the body cells and wastes away from the cells.

2. Right

3. Bone marrow

4. Oxygen and glucose 5. Glucose + oxygen = energy + water + carbon dioxide

6. Smallest blood vessels where diffusion of gases occurs

7. Veins (to), arteries (away)

8. Atria/atrium (upper), ventricles (lower)

9. It pumps to the lungs and to the body

10. Prevent blood from flowing backwards

11. It is an iron containing substance in red blood cells that attaches to oxygen

12. Rich

13. Fight off infection

14. Carry oxygen to our body cells

15. Clot blood at the site of injuries

16. Liquid portion of blood that carries all other parts of blood

17. Stable internal conditions

18. Dark red

19. Makes the heart pump harder, increases blood pressure

20. O (donor), AB (recipient)

21. (a) A, O (b) B, O (c) A, B, AB, O, (d) O

22. Dendrites, cell body, axon, axon tips

23. Receives information from inside and outside your body. It directs the way your body responds to this information. Helps maintain homeostasis.

24. Receives information through your five senses

25. Sends information from the sensory neuron to the motor neuron. Found in brain & spinal cord.

26. Sends impulses to muscles for movement or to another neuron.

27. Sensory – see the coin with eyes, interneuron – realizes it is a coin and what type of coin, motor – muscles move to pick up the coin

28. Keeps your balance and coordination

29. CNS – brain and spinal cord, PNS – nerves that branch out from the spinal cord throughout your body

30. Voluntary movement

31. Involuntary movement

32. Sympathetic – fight or flight response, parasympathetic – rest and digest response

33. Bruise to the brain 34. Reproduction

35. 1 or more cells

36. All living things contain DNA

37. Growth/development

38. Response to stimuli/environment

39. Growth/development

40. Evolution

41. Energy

42. Homeostasis

43. See scope labeling notes

44. Eyepiece X objective lens

45. 10X

46. Coarse – helps you to focus the image; fine – sharpens the image