Agricultural Education Course Syllabus s2

Pittsylvania County Schools

Career and Technical Education

Technology Education - Course Syllabus

Course: Principles of Technology I Course Number: 9811

Textbook: Principles of Technology

Required Fee/Supplies: $10.00 Student Organization: TSA

Prerequisite: Algebra I and two lab sciences Dual Enrollment Credit: None Industry Certification: None

I. COURSE DESCRIPTION Students continue to apply physics and mathematics concepts through a unified systems approach to expand their knowledge base of the principles underlying modern technical systems. This course focuses on seven technical principles: momentum, waves, energy converters, transducers, radiation, optical systems, and time constants, emphasizing how each principle plays a unifying role in the operation of mechanical, fluid, electrical, and thermal systems in high- technology equipment. This "principles and systems" approach to studying these technical principles provides a foundation for further education and career flexibility as technology and technical systems advance.

II. COURSE CONTENT

Task Area Days UNIT 1: FORCE 16 UNIT 2: WORK 12 UNIT 3: RATE 16 UNIT 4: RESISTANCE 16 UNIT 5: ENERGY 16 UNIT 6: POWER 12 UNIT 7: FORCE TRANSFORMERS 2

Total 90

III. EVALUATION/GRADE PROCEDURES 1. Laboratory Assignments 2. Student Exercises 3. Quizzes 4. Tests

- 1 - Your Logo Here or delete this text Principles of Technology I (9811) - Competency List

Student Name ______School Year ______

School ______

9811 36 Weeks Principles of Technology I TASKS/COMPETENCIES Date Rating UNIT 1: FORCE • DTE9811.001 Describe, in your own words, what force is. • DTE9811.002 Give examples of complex technological devices where force must be controlled, measured, or applied. • DTE9811.003 Describe what force, pressure, voltage, and temperature difference have in common. • DTE9811.004 Describe or predict what happens to an object when forces on it are balanced and when forces on it are unbalanced. • DTE9811.005 Measure force in mechanical, fluid, electrical, and thermal systems. • DTE9811.006 List occupations that require technicians to measure, control, or otherwise deal with force in complex devices. UNIT 2: WORK • DTE9811.007 Describe what is meant by work in general and work in mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems. • DTE9811.008 Describe how work in mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems involves the presence of force and movement. • DTE9811.009 Identify correct SI and English units for work in mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems. • DTE9811.010 Identify the effects of work done in mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems. • DTE9811.011 Measure work in mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems. UNIT 3: RATE • DTE9811.012 Describe what is meant by rate in general and in mechanical, fluid, electrical, and thermal systems. • DTE9811.013 Identify appropriate SI and English units for rate in all four energy systems. • DTE9811.014 Measure rate in mechanical, fluid, electrical, and thermal systems. • DTE9811.015 Identify workplace applications where rate is measured and/or controlled. UNIT 4: RESISTANCE • DTE9811.016 Describe what is meant by resistance in general and in mechanical, fluid, electrical, and thermal energy systems. • DTE9811.017 Explain how resistance in each energy system relates to the unifying principle of a "force" divided by a rate. • DTE9811.018 Identify correct SI and English units for resistance in each energy system.

- 2 - • DTE9811.019 Identify good and bad effects of resistance in each energy system. • DTE9811.020 Identify workplace applications where technicians measure or control resistance. • DTE9811.021 Infer how resistance is affected at extremely high and low temperatures in materials including superconductors. • DTE9811.022 Measure resistance in mechanical, fluid, electrical, and thermal energy systems. UNIT 5: ENERGY • DTE9811.023 Describe the nature of energy in mechanical, fluid, electrical, and thermal systems. • DTE9811.024 Describe what is meant by "potential energy." • DTE9811.025 Describe what is meant by "kinetic energy." • DTE9811.026 Describe the relationship between potential energy, kinetic energy, and heat energy in the conservation of energy law. • DTE9811.027 Describe the relationship between work and energy. • DTE9811.028 Describe and model how principles of mechanics apply to celestial systems. • DTE9811.029 Identify appropriate SI and English units for energy in each system. • DTE9811.030 Measure energy in each system. • DTE9811.031 Identify workplace applications where technicians measure or control energy. UNIT 6: POWER • DTE9811.032 Describe what is meant by power in general and in mechanical, fluid, electrical, and thermal systems. • DTE9811.033 Explain how thermal power and thermal rate are the same. • DTE9811.034 Explain how power in each energy system relates to the unifying principle of work divided by time. • DTE9811.035 Explain why power also can be described in terms of a "force" times a rate for mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems. • DTE9811.036 Identify technical workplace applications where technicians measure or control power. UNIT 7: FORCE TRANSFORMERS • DTE9811.037 Describe force transformers in general and in mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems. • DTE9811.038 Explain why force transformers form a unifying principle in mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems. • DTE9811.039 List examples of force transformers in mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems. • DTE9811.040 Use course experiences to participate in TSA activities as a leader, manager, or team member. Examining All Aspects of Industry • Planning • Management • Finance • Technical and Production Skills

- 3 - • Underlying Principles of Technology • Labor Issues • Community Issues • Health, Safety, and Environmental Issues

...RATING SCALE... 1 - Can teach others 2 - Can perform without supervision 3 - Can perform with limited supervision 4 - Can perform with supervision 5 - Cannot perform

Teacher’s signature ______

- 4 - Principles of Technology I (9811) - Related Standards of Learning English The student will participate in and report on small-group learning activities. a. Assume responsibility for specific group tasks. b. Participate in the preparation of an outline or summary of the group activity. 10.1 c. Include all group members in oral presentation. d. Use grammatically correct language, including vocabulary appropriate to the topic, audience, and purpose. The student will read and interpret informational materials. a. Analyze and apply the information contained in warranties, contracts, job descriptions, technical descriptions, and other informational sources, including labels, warnings, manuals, directions, 10.4 applications, and forms, to complete specific tasks. b. Skim manuals or informational sources to locate information. c. Compare and contrast product information contained in advertisements with that found in instruction manuals and warranties. The student will use writing to interpret, analyze, and evaluate ideas. 10.10 a. Explain concepts contained in literature and other disciplines. b. Translate concepts into simpler or more easily understood terms. The student will collect, evaluate, organize, and present information. a. Organize information from a variety of sources. b. Develop the central idea or focus. c. Verify the accuracy and usefulness of information. 10.11 d. Credit sources for both quoted and paraphrased ideas. e. Present information in an appropriate format, such as an oral presentation, written report, or visual product. f. Use technology to access information, organize ideas, and develop writing. The student will make informative and persuasive presentations. a. Gather and organize evidence to support a position. b. Present evidence clearly and convincingly. 11.1 c. Support and defend ideas in public forums. d. Use grammatically correct language, including vocabulary appropriate to the topic, audience, and purpose. The student will read and analyze a variety of informational materials. a. Use information from texts to clarify or refine understanding of academic concepts. b. Read and follow directions to complete an application for college admission, for a scholarship, or for 11.4 employment. c. Apply concepts and use vocabulary in informational and technical materials to complete a task. d. Generalize ideas from selections to make predictions about other texts. e. Analyze information from a text to draw conclusions. The student will write in a variety of forms, with an emphasis on persuasion. a. Generate, gather, plan, and organize ideas for writing. b. Develop a focus for writing c. Evaluate and cite applicable information. 11.7 d. Organize ideas in a logical manner. e. Elaborate ideas clearly and accurately. f. Adapt content, vocabulary, voice, and tone to audience, purpose, and situation. g. Revise writing for accuracy and depth of information. h. Proofread final copy and prepare document for intended audience or purpose. 11.10 The student will analyze, evaluate, synthesize, and organize information from a variety of sources to produce a research product. a. Narrow a topic. b. Develop a plan for research. c. Collect information to support a thesis. d. Evaluate quality and accuracy of information. e. Synthesize information in a logical sequence. f. Document sources of information, using a style sheet, such as that of the Modern Language Association (MLA) or American Psychological Association (APA). g. Edit writing for clarity of content and effect. - 5 - h. Edit copy for grammatically correct use of language, spelling, punctuation, and capitalization. i. Proofread final copy and prepare for publication or submission. j. Use technology to access information, organize ideas, and develop writing. The student will make a 5 to 10 minute formal oral presentation. a. Choose the purpose of the presentation: to defend a position, to entertain an audience, or to explain information. b. Use a well-structured narrative or logical argument. 12.1 c. Use details, illustrations, statistics, comparisons, and analogies to support purposes. d. Use visual aids or technology to support presentation. e. Use grammatically correct language, including vocabulary appropriate to the topic, audience, and purpose. The student will read and analyze a variety of informational materials, including electronic resources. a. Identify formats common to new publications and information resources. 12.4 b. Recognize and apply specialized informational vocabulary. c. Evaluate a product based on analysis of the accompanying warranty and instruction manual. d. Evaluate the quality of informational and technical materials. The student will write documented research papers. a. Identify and understand the ethical issues of research and documentation. b. Evaluate the accuracy and usefulness of information. c. Synthesize information to support the thesis. 12.8 d. Present information in a logical manner. e. Cite sources of information, using a standard method of documentation, such as that of the Modern Language Association (MLA) or American Psychological Association (APA). f. Edit copies for correct use of language, spelling, punctuation, and capitalization. g. Proofread final copy and prepare document for publication or submission. History and Social Science The student will improve skills in historical research and geographical analysis by a. identifying, analyzing, and interpreting primary and secondary sources to make generalizations about events and life in world history since 1500 A.D.; b. using maps, globes, artifacts, and pictures to analyze the physical and cultural landscapes of the WHII. world and to interpret the past since 1500 A.D.; 1 c. identifying geographic features important to the study of world history since 1500 A.D.; d. identifying and comparing political boundaries with the location of civilizations, empires, and kingdoms from 1500 A.D. to the present; e. analyzing trends in human migration and cultural interaction from 1500 A.D. to the present. The student will demonstrate knowledge of cultural, economic, and social conditions in developed and developing nations of the contemporary world by a. identifying contemporary political issues, with emphasis on migrations of refugees and others, ethnic/religious conflicts, and the impact of technology, including chemical and biological WHII. technologies; 15 b. assessing the impact of economic development and global population growth on the environment and society, including an understanding of the links between economic and political freedom; c. describing economic interdependence, including the rise of multinational corporations, international organizations, and trade agreements. The student will use maps, globes, photographs, and pictures in order to a. obtain geographical information and apply the concepts of location, scale, and orientation; b. develop and refine his or her mental maps of world regions; WG.1 c. create and compare political, physical, and thematic maps; d. analyze and explain how different cultures develop different perspectives on the world and its problems; e. recognize different map projections and explain the concept of distortion. The student will analyze how selected physical and ecological processes shape the Earth's surface by a. identifying regional climatic patterns and weather phenomena and their effects on people and places; WG.2 b. describing how humans influence the environment and are influenced by it; c. explaining how technology affects one's ability to modify the environment and adapt to it The student will apply geography to interpret the past, understand the present, and plan for the future by WG.1 a. using geographic knowledge, skills, and perspectives to analyze problems and make decisions; 2 b. relating current events to the physical and human characteristics of places and regions. - 6 - The student will demonstrate skills for historical and geographical analysis, including the ability to a. identify, analyze, and interpret primary and secondary source documents, records, and data, including artifacts, diaries, letters, photographs, journals, newspapers, historical accounts, and art to increase understanding of events and life in the United States; b. evaluate the authenticity, authority, and credibility of sources; c. formulate historical questions and defend findings based on inquiry and interpretation; d. develop perspectives of time and place, including the construction of maps and various time lines of VUS.1 events, periods, and personalities in American history; e. communicate findings orally and in analytical essays and/or comprehensive papers; f. develop skills in discussion, debate, and persuasive writing with respect to enduring issues and determine how divergent viewpoints have been addressed and reconciled; g. apply geographic skills and reference sources to understand how relationships between humans and their environment have changed over time; h. interpret the significance of excerpts from famous speeches and other documents. The student will demonstrate knowledge of events and issues of the Revolutionary Period by a. analyzing how the political ideas of John Locke and those expressed in Common Sense helped shape VUS.4 the Declaration of Independence; b. describing the political differences among the colonists concerning separation from Britain; c. analyzing reasons for colonial victory in the Revolutionary War. The student will demonstrate knowledge of economic, social, cultural, and political developments in the contemporary United States by a. analyzing the effects of increased participation of women in the labor force; VUS.1 b. analyzing how changing patterns of immigration affect the diversity of the United States population, 4 the reasons new immigrants choose to come to this country, and their contributions to contemporary America; c. explaining the media influence on contemporary American culture and how scientific and technological advances affect the workplace, health care, and education. The student will demonstrate knowledge of the concepts of democracy by a. recognizing the fundamental worth and dignity of the individual; GOVT b. recognizing the equality of all citizens under the law; .3 c. recognizing majority rule and minority rights; d. recognizing the necessity of compromise; e. recognizing the freedom of the individual. The student will demonstrate knowledge of local, state, and national elections by a. describing the organization, role, and constituencies of political parties; b. describing the nomination and election process; GOVT c. examining campaign funding and spending; .6 d. analyzing the influence of media coverage, campaign advertising, and public opinion polls; e. examining the impact of reapportionment and redistricting; f. identifying how amendments extend the right to vote; g. analyzing voter turnout. The student will demonstrate knowledge of the United States market economy by a. assessing the importance of entrepreneurship, the profit motive, and economic independence to the promotion of economic growth; GOVT b. comparing types of business organizations; .15 c. describing the factors of production; d. explaining the interaction of supply and demand; e. illustrating the circular flow of economic activity; f. analyzing global economic trends, with emphasis on the impact of technological innovations. Mathematics The student will solve multistep linear equations and inequalities in one variable, solve literal equations A.1 (formulas) for a given variable, and apply these skills to solve practical problems. Graphing calculators will be used to confirm algebraic solutions. The student will represent verbal quantitative situations algebraically and evaluate these expressions for A.2 given replacement values of the variables. Students will choose an appropriate computational technique, such as mental mathematics, calculator, or paper and pencil. A.3 The student will justify steps used in simplifying expressions and solving equations and inequalities. Justifications will include the use of concrete objects; pictorial representations; and the properties of real - 7 - numbers, equality, and inequality. The student will use matrices to organize and manipulate data, including matrix addition, subtraction, and A.4 scalar multiplication. Data will arise from business, industrial, and consumer situations. The student will create and use tabular, symbolic, graphical, verbal, and physical representations to analyze a A.5 given set of data for the existence of a pattern, determine the domain and range of relations, and identify the relations that are functions. The student will apply the laws of exponents to perform operations on expressions with integral exponents, A.10 using scientific notation when appropriate. The student will express the square root of a whole number in simplest radical form and approximate square A.13 roots to the nearest tenth. The student will analyze a relation to determine whether a direct variation exists and represent it algebraically A.18 and graphically, if possible. The student will solve practical problems involving right triangles by using the Pythagorean Theorem, G.7 properties of special right triangles, and right triangle trigonometry. Solutions will be expressed in radical form or as decimal approximations. The student will use formulas for surface area and volume of three-dimensional objects to solve practical G.13 problems. Calculators will be used to find decimal approximations for results. The student will G.14 a. use proportional reasoning to solve practical problems, given similar geometric objects; and b. determine how changes in one dimension of an object affect area and/or volume of the object. The student will add, subtract, multiply, divide, and simplify rational expressions, including complex AII.2 fractions. The student will a. add, subtract, multiply, divide, and simplify radical expressions containing positive rational numbers AII.3 and variables and expressions containing rational exponents; and b. write radical expressions as expressions containing rational exponents and vice versa. The student will solve equations containing rational expressions and equations containing radical expressions AII.7 algebraically and graphically. Graphing calculators will be used for solving and for confirming the algebraic solutions. The student will represent problem situations with a system of linear equations and solve the system, using AII.12 the inverse matrix method. Graphing calculators or computer programs with matrix capability will be used to perform computations. The student will solve nonlinear systems of equations, including linear-quadratic and quadratic-quadratic, AII.14 algebraically and graphically. The graphing calculator will be used as a tool to visualize graphs and predict the number of solutions. The student will collect and analyze data to make predictions and solve practical problems. Graphing AII.19 calculators will be used to investigate scatterplots and to determine the equation for a curve of best fit. Models will include linear, quadratic, exponential, and logarithmic functions. The student will add, subtract, multiply, divide, and simplify rational expressions, including complex AII-T.2 fractions. The student will a. add, subtract, multiply, divide, and simplify radical expressions containing positive rational numbers AII-T.3 and variables and expressions containing rational exponents; and b. write radical expressions as expressions containing rational exponents and vice versa. The student will solve equations containing rational expressions and equations containing radical expressions AII-T.7 algebraically and graphically. Graphing calculators will be used for solving and for confirming the algebraic solutions. The student will represent problem situations with a system of linear equations and solve the system, using AII- the inverse matrix method. Graphing calculators or computer programs with matrix capability will be used to T.12 perform computations. The student will collect and analyze data to make predictions and solve practical problems. Graphing AII- calculators will be used to investigate scatterplots and to determine the equation for a curve of best fit. T.19 Models will include linear, quadratic, exponential, and logarithmic functions. The student will analyze graphical displays of data, including dotplots, stemplots, and histograms, to identify PS.1 and describe patterns and departures from patterns, using central tendency, spread, clusters, gaps, and outliers. Appropriate technology will be used to create graphical displays. PS.2 The student will analyze numerical characteristics of univariate data sets to describe patterns and departure from patterns, using mean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation, interquartile range, range, and - 8 - outliers. Appropriate technology will be used to calculate statistics. The student will compare distributions of two or more univariate data sets, analyzing center and spread PS.3 (within group and between group variations), clusters and gaps, shapes, outliers, or other unusual features. Appropriate technology will be used to generate graphical displays. The student will analyze scatterplots to identify and describe the relationship between two variables, using PS.4 shape; strength of relationship; clusters; positive, negative, or no association; outliers; and influential points. Appropriate technology will be used to generate scatterplots and identify outliers and influential points. The student will find and interpret linear correlation, use the method of least squares regression to model the PS.5 linear relationship between two variables, and use the residual plots to assess linearity. Appropriate technology will be used to compute correlation coefficients and residual plots. The student will identify and describe two or more events as complementary, dependent, independent, and/or PS.12 mutually exclusive. The student will solve practical problems involving arithmetic and geometric sequences and series. This will MA.5 include finding the sum (sigma notation included) of finite and infinite convergent series that will lead to an intuitive approach to a limit. The student will perform operations with vectors in the coordinate plane and solve practical problems using vectors. This will include the following topics: operations of addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, and MA.11 inner (dot) product; norm of a vector; unit vector; graphing; properties; simple proofs; complex numbers (as vectors); and perpendicular components. The student will identify, create, and solve practical problems involving triangles. Techniques will include MA.13 using the trigonometric functions, the Pythagorean Theorem, the Law of Sines, and the Law of Cosines. The student will define and apply the properties of elementary functions, including algebraic, trigonometric, exponential, and composite functions and their inverses, and graph these functions, using a graphing APC.1 calculator. Properties of functions will include domains, ranges, combinations, odd, even, periodicity, symmetry, asymptotes, zeros, upper and lower bounds, and intervals where the function is increasing or decreasing. Science The student will plan and conduct investigations in which a. volume, area, mass, elapsed time, direction, temperature, pressure, distance, density, and changes in elevation/depth are calculated utilizing the most appropriate tools; b. technologies including computers, probeware, and global positioning systems (GPS), are used to ES.1 collect, analyze, and report data and to demonstrate concepts and simulate experimental conditions; c. scales, diagrams, maps, charts, graphs, tables, and profiles are constructed and interpreted; d. variables are manipulated with repeated trials; and e. a scientific viewpoint is constructed and defended (the nature of science). The student will demonstrate scientific reasoning and logic by a. analyzing how science explains and predicts the interactions and dynamics of complex Earth systems; b. recognizing that evidence is required to evaluate hypotheses and explanations; ES.2 c. comparing different scientific explanations for a set of observations about the Earth; d. explaining that observation and logic are essential for reaching a conclusion; and e. evaluating evidence for scientific theories. The student will investigate and understand the characteristics of the Earth and the solar system. Key concepts include a. position of the Earth in the solar system; ES.4 b. sun-Earth-moon relationships (seasons, tides, and eclipses); c. characteristics of the sun, planets, their moons, comets, meteors, and asteroids; and d. the history and contributions of the space program. The student will investigate and understand that energy transfer between the sun and the Earth and its atmosphere drives weather and climate on Earth. Key concepts include ES.1 a. observation and collection of weather data; 3 b. prediction of weather patterns; c. severe weather occurrences such as tornadoes, hurricanes, and major storms; and d. weather phenomena and the factors that affect climate including radiation and convection. ES.1 The student will investigate and understand scientific concepts related to the origin and evolution of the 4 universe. Key concepts include a. nebulae; b. the origin of stars and star systems; c. stellar evolution; - 9 - d. galaxies; and e. cosmology including the big bang theory. The student will plan and conduct investigations in which a. the components of a system are defined; b. instruments are selected and used to extend observations and measurements of mass, volume, temperature, heat exchange, energy transformations, motion, fields, and electric charge; c. information is recorded and presented in an organized format; d. metric units are used in all measurements and calculations; PH.1 e. the limitations of the experimental apparatus and design are recognized; f. the limitations of measured quantities are recognized through the appropriate use of significant figures or error ranges; g. data gathered from non-SI instruments are incorporated through appropriate conversions; and h. appropriate technology including computers, graphing calculators, and probeware, is used for gathering and analyzing data and communicating results. The student will investigate and understand how to analyze and interpret data. Key concepts include a. a description of a physical problem is translated into a mathematical statement in order to find a solution; b. relationships between physical quantities are determined using the shape of a curve passing through PH.2 experimentally obtained data; c. the slope of a linear relationship is calculated and includes appropriate units; d. interpolated, extrapolated, and analyzed trends are used to make predictions; and e. analysis of systems employs vector quantities utilizing trigonometric and graphical methods. The student will investigate and understand how to demonstrate scientific reasoning and logic. Key concepts include a. analysis of scientific sources to develop and refine research hypotheses; b. analysis of how science explains and predicts relationships; PH.3 c. evaluation of evidence for scientific theories; d. examination of how new discoveries result in modification of existing theories or establishment of new paradigms; and e. construction and defense of a scientific viewpoint (the nature of science). The student will investigate and understand how applications of physics affect the world. Key concepts include PH.4 a. examples from the real world; and b. exploration of the roles and contributions of science and technology. The student will investigate and understand the interrelationships among mass, distance, force, and time through mathematical and experimental processes. Key concepts include a. linear motion; b. uniform circular motion; PH.5 c. projectile motion; d. Newton's laws of motion; e. gravitation; f. planetary motion; and g. work, power, and energy. The student will investigate and understand that quantities including mass, energy, momentum, and charge are conserved. Key concepts include PH.6 a. kinetic and potential energy; b. elastic and inelastic collisions; and c. electric power. The student will investigate and understand properties of fluids. Key concepts include a. density and pressure; b. variation of pressure with depth; PH.7 c. Archimedes' principle of buoyancy; d. Pascal's principle; e. fluids in motion; and f. Bernoulli's principle. PH.8 The student will investigate and understand that energy can be transferred and transformed to provide usable work. Key concepts include a. transformation of energy among forms including mechanical, thermal, electrical, gravitational, chemical, and nuclear; and - 10 - b. efficiency of systems. The student will investigate and understand how to use the field concept to describe the effects of gravitational, PH.1 electric, and magnetic forces. Key concepts include 2 a. inverse square laws (Newton's law of universal gravitation and Coulomb's law); and b. operating principles of motors, generators, transformers, and cathode ray tubes. The student will investigate and understand how to diagram and construct basic electrical circuits and explain the function of various circuit components. Key concepts include PH.1 a. Ohm's law; 3 b. series, parallel, and combined circuits; and c. circuit components including resistors, batteries, generators, fuses, switches, and capacitors. The student will investigate and understand that extremely large and extremely small quantities are not necessarily described by the same laws as those studied in Newtonian physics. Key concepts include a. wave/particle duality; b. wave properties of matter; c. matter/energy equivalence; PH.1 d. quantum mechanics and uncertainty; 4 e. relativity; f. nuclear physics; g. solid state physics; h. superconductivity; and i. radioactivity.

- 11 - Principles of Technology I (9811) - SOL Correlation by Task

DTE9811.001 Describe, in your own words, what force English: 10.4, 11.4 is. Science: PH.5, PH.12 DTE9811.002 Give examples of complex technological English: 10.1, 10.11 devices where force must be controlled, Science: PH.1, PH.2, PH.3, PH.4 measured, or applied. DTE9811.003 Describe what force, pressure, voltage, English: 10.4, 11.4 and temperature difference have in Mathematics: A.1, A.5, PS.3 common. Science: PH.7, PH.8, PH.12, PH.13 DTE9811.004 Describe or predict what happens to an English: 10.4, 11.4, 12.4 object when forces on it are balanced Mathematics: A.1, A.2, G.7, AII.19, AII-T.19, PS.1, PS.3, and when forces on it are unbalanced. PS.4, MA.11 Science: PH.1, PH.2, PH.3, PH.4, PH.5 DTE9811.005 Measure force in mechanical, fluid, English: 10.4, 10.11 electrical, and thermal systems. Mathematics: A.1, A.2, A.5 Science: PH.1, PH.2, PH.4, PH.5, PH.12, PH.13 DTE9811.006 List occupations that require technicians English: 10.10, 10.11, 12.8 to measure, control, or otherwise deal History and Social Science: WHII.15, VUS.1 with force in complex devices. Science: PH.4 DTE9811.007 Describe what is meant by work in English: 10.4, 11.4 general and work in mechanical, fluid, Mathematics: A.2, G.13 and electrical systems. Science: PH.1, PH.2, PH.3, PH.4, PH.5, PH.8 DTE9811.008 Describe how work in mechanical, fluid, English: 10.4, 11.4 and electrical systems involves the Mathematics: A.2, A.3, AII.3, AII-T.3, AII-T.7, MA.11 presence of force and movement. Science: PH.4, PH.5, PH.7, PH.8, PH.12, PH.13 DTE9811.009 Identify correct SI and English units for English: 10.4, 11.4 work in mechanical, fluid, and electrical Mathematics: G.14, AII.2, AII-T.2 systems. Science: PH.1 DTE9811.010 Identify the effects of work done in English: 10.11 mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems. Mathematics: A.1, A.2, A.18, MA.5, APC.1 Science: PH.1, PH.2, PH.3, PH.4, PH.5, PH.8 DTE9811.011 Measure work in mechanical, fluid, and English: 10.4, 11.4 electrical systems. Mathematics: A.1, A.2, AII.12, AII.19, AII-T.12, AII-T.19, MA.13 Science: PH.1, PH.2, PH.5, PH.8 DTE9811.012 Describe what is meant by rate in general English: 10.4, 11.4 and in mechanical, fluid, electrical, and Mathematics: A.2, A.10, AII.7, AII-T.7 thermal systems. Science: PH.1, PH.3, PH.5, PH.6 DTE9811.013 Identify appropriate SI and English units English: 10.4, 11.4 for rate in all four energy systems. Mathematics: A.5, AII.2, AII-T.2 Science: PH.1, PH.13 DTE9811.014 Measure rate in mechanical, fluid, English: 10.4, 11.4 electrical, and thermal systems. Mathematics: A.1, A.2, A.5, G.14, AII.3, AII.19, AII-T.3, AII-T.19 Science: PH.1, PH.2, PH.8, PH.13 DTE9811.015 Identify workplace applications where English: 10.4, 11.4 rate is measured and/or controlled. History and Social Science: VUS.14, GOVT.15 Science: PH.4, PH.5 DTE9811.016 Describe what is meant by resistance in English: 10.4, 11.4 general and in mechanical, fluid, Mathematics: A.2 electrical, and thermal energy systems. Science: PH.5, PH.6, PH.7, PH.8, PH.13 DTE9811.017 Explain how resistance in each energy English: 10.1, 10.4, 11.4 system relates to the unifying principle of Mathematics: A.1, A.2, A.5, AII.2, AII.3, AII-T.2, AII-T.3 a "force" divided by a rate. Science: PH.1, PH.2, PH.3, PH.5, PH.13 DTE9811.018 Identify correct SI and English units for English: 10.4, 11.4

- 12 - resistance in each energy system. Science: PH.1, PH.3, PH.5 DTE9811.019 Identify good and bad effects of English: 10.4, 10.10, 11.4 resistance in each energy system. Mathematics: PS.1 Science: PH.3, PH.4, PH.5, PH.7 DTE9811.020 Identify workplace applications where English: 10.10 technicians measure or control History and Social Science: VUS.14, GOVT.15 resistance. Science: PH.1, PH.4, PH.13 DTE9811.021 Infer how resistance is affected at English: 10.10, 10.11, 11.10, 12.8 extremely high and low temperatures in Mathematics: A.2, PS.1 materials including superconductors. Science: PH.1, PH.3, PH.8, PH.13, PH.14 DTE9811.022 Measure resistance in mechanical, fluid, English: 10.4, 10.10, 11.4 electrical, and thermal energy systems. Mathematics: A.1, AII.19, AII-T.19 Science: PH.1, PH.2, PH.3, PH.5, PH.7, PH.13 DTE9811.023 Describe the nature of energy in English: 10.4 mechanical, fluid, electrical, and thermal Mathematics: A.18 systems. Science: PH.1, PH.4, PH.6, PH.7, PH.8 DTE9811.024 Describe what is meant by "potential English: 10.10, 10.11 energy." Mathematics: AII.7, AII-T.7, PS.12 Science: PH.6 DTE9811.025 Describe what is meant by "kinetic English: 10.10, 10.11 energy." Mathematics: A.10, A.13, PS.12 Science: PH.6 DTE9811.026 Describe the relationship between English: 10.4, 11.4 potential energy, kinetic energy, and heat History and Social Science: WG.2 energy in the conservation of energy law. Mathematics: A.10, A.13, AII.2, AII.3, AII.14, AII-T.3 Science: PH.3, PH.6, PH.7, PH.8 DTE9811.027 Describe the relationship between work English: 10.11, 11.10 and energy. Mathematics: A.4 Science: PH.3, PH.5, PH.8 DTE9811.028 Describe and model how principles of English: 10.1, 11.1 mechanics apply to celestial systems. History and Social Science: WHII.1, WG.1, WG.12 Mathematics: A.10, AII.19, AII-T.19, MA.5 Science: ES.1, ES.2, ES.4, ES.13, ES.14, PH.1, PH.2, PH.3, PH.4, PH.5, PH.8, PH.14 DTE9811.029 Identify appropriate SI and English units English: 10.4, 11.4 for energy in each system. Mathematics: A.5 Science: PH.1, PH.4 DTE9811.030 Measure energy in each system. English: 10.10 Science: PH.1, PH.4, PH.8 DTE9811.031 Identify workplace applications where English: 10.10 technicians measure or control energy. History and Social Science: VUS.4, GOVT.15 Mathematics: A.4 Science: PH.2, PH.4, PH.6, PH.8 DTE9811.032 Describe what is meant by power in English: 10.4, 10.10, 11.4 general and in mechanical, fluid, Mathematics: A.2 electrical, and thermal systems. Science: PH.4, PH.5, PH.6, PH.7, PH.8 DTE9811.033 Explain how thermal power and thermal English: 10.10, 11.1 rate are the same. Mathematics: A.18, AII.7, AII.19, AII-T.7, AII-T.19 Science: PH.3, PH.5 DTE9811.034 Explain how power in each energy English: 10.10, 11.1 system relates to the unifying principle of Mathematics: A.2, A.5, A.13, AII.3, AII-T.3, PS.5, APC.1 work divided by time. Science: PH.2, PH.5 DTE9811.035 Explain why power also can be described English: 11.1, 11.7 in terms of a "force" times a rate for Mathematics: A.2, AII.2, AII-T.2 mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems. Science: PH.2, PH.5, PH.8, PH.12 DTE9811.036 Identify technical workplace applications English: 10.4, 11.4 where technicians measure or control History and Social Science: WHII.15, GOVT.15 - 13 - power. Mathematics: A.4, AII.19 Science: PH.1, PH.4 DTE9811.037 Describe force transformers in general English: 10.4, 11.1, 11.4 and in mechanical, fluid, and electrical Mathematics: A.2, PS.3 systems. Science: PH.4, PH.5, PH.8, PH.12 DTE9811.038 Explain why force transformers form a English: 10.4, 11.1, 11.4, 11.7 unifying principle in mechanical, fluid, Mathematics: G.14, AII.2, AII.3, AII.7, AII-T.2, AII-T.3, AII- and electrical systems. T.7, PS.1, PS.2, PS.5 Science: PH.3, PH.5, PH.8, PH.12 DTE9811.039 List examples of force transformers in English: 10.10, 10.11, 11.4 mechanical, fluid, and electrical systems. History and Social Science: WG.12 Science: PH.1, PH.4, PH.5, PH.8 DTE9811.040 Use course experiences to participate in English: 10.1, 10.4, 10.11, 11.1, 11.4, 11.7, 12.1, 12.4 TSA activities as a leader, manager, or History and Social Science: VUS.14, GOVT.3, GOVT.6, team member. GOVT.15

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