Running Head: APPLYING HIGH RELIABILITY PRINCIPLES

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To insert your own running head, double click on the words RUNNING HEAD above,To insert then your highlight own runningthe words head, and double retype clickwith youron the own words running RUNNING head. HEAD(The runningabove, head then ishighlight usually thea short words form and of retype the title.) with your own running head. (The running head is usually a short form of the title.) To exit the header box, double click in a white space in the body of the paper. To exit the header box, double click in a white space in the body of the paper. For other questions, call the Writing Center at 612-728-5154 or e-mail [email protected] other questions, call the Writing Center at 612-728-5154 or e-mail [email protected] ~ To delete this instruction box, click on its frame and press the Delete key ~ ~ To delete this instruction box, click on its frame and press the Delete key ~

Title of Paper

Your Name

Saint Mary’s University Of Minnesota

Schools of Graduate & Professional Programs

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor’s Degree in

Police Science

Instructor's Name

Submission Date [example, August 21, 2017] RUNNING HEAD 2

Table of Contents

Introduction......

Problem Statement......

Background ......

Stakeholders......

Importance......

Trends......

Proposal to Address the Problem...... The number and types of headings in the literature review will vary [Topical Heading]...... according to topic selection and treatment.

NOTE: On this page the Tab key has been reset to create dots after each [Topical Heading]...... heading. To add an entry, type your heading, press Tab, and type the page number. [Topical Heading]...... Do not use the Tab key to indent on this page. Instead, if you need to ...... indent, use the Ruler Bar or the Space Bar.

[Topical Heading]...... Once you leave the Table of Contents page, the Tab key will return to a half- indent for paragraphing.

Implementation Issues...... For online help with the table of contents, see index of Introduction to the APA

Human and Financial Resources~ To delete...... this instruction box, click on its frame and press the Delete key~

Time Frame for Completion......

Ethical Considerations......

Diversity Considerations......

Summary......

References...... RUNNING HEAD 3

Title of Paper

Introduction

The introduction should include (a) purpose of the paper, including identification of a problem or need, (b) a statement of importance of the problem/need, and (c) an organizational overview of how you plan to address the problem/need in your paper. This section should be brief, so you probably do not need subheadings. Once you have decided whether to label your topic as a problem or a need, stick to one label throughout and modify suggested headings as appropriate. This section should include an attention getter to hold the audience.

Problem Statement

This is the most crucial section of your paper. If you have not thoroughly and accurately analyzed the problem/need, you cannot expect to write an effective proposal to address it. To establish credibility you must back up your assertions or statements of opinion with evidence from reliable, objective outside sources. You must cite these sources at appropriate points in your text, and provide a reference page containing source retrieval information. For help with in-text citations, see pp. 27-30 of Introduction to the APA.

Because this section of your paper can get long, you will probably need to use subheadings as organizational markers. For online help formatting your headings, see pp. 35-39 in Introduction to the APA. The number and order of headings in this section may vary according to your topic selection and treatment, but generally speaking this section will have the following components.

Background

In this section provide background for the problem to help readers understand it. The background might include historical context, evolution, technical details, and possible causes. RUNNING HEAD 4

Stakeholders

Identify stakeholders (individuals, groups) who are affected by the problem/need and explain how each is affected. In this section, you need to provide background for the problem to help readers understand it. The background might include historical context, evolution, technical details, and possible causes.

Importance

Explain in some detail the importance of addressing the problem in terms of each of the stakeholders. Explaining the importance of the problem can include its scope (how many people affected, what extent of resources) and a realistic projection of consequences if the problem/need is not addressed. If the problem is solved or the need met, what positive consequences will result?

Trends

Identify trends, as discussed in class, associated with your topic.

Proposal to Address the Problem/Issue

This section of your paper should flow naturally from the previous section. Do not make the mistake of starting with a solution and working backward. The only good proposal is one that addresses every aspect described in the analysis of the problem/need. Do a point-by-point organization in this section: For every aspect of the problem/need you identified, describe—in the same order—an aspect of the proposal that addresses it. The subheadings in this section will vary according to the topic you have chosen.

Relevant Management Principles

Identify management principles that are relevant to your topic. RUNNING HEAD 5

Relevant Labor/Union Issues

Start text here.

Relevant Laws, Rules, Regulations, Protocols, or Policies

Start text here.

Implementation Issues

Human and Financial Resources

Start text here

Time Frame for Completion

Start text here.

Ethical Considerations

Start text here.

Diversity Considerations

Start text here.

Summary

This section is a recap of important points of the paper. Do not introduce new information here. Do not introduce new sources here. RUNNING HEAD 6

References

Julseth, J., Ruiz, J., & Hummer, D. (2011). Municipal police officer job satisfaction in

Pennsylvania: A study of organisational development in small police

departments. International Journal of Police Science & Management, 13(3), 243-254.

doi:10.1350/ijps.2011.13.3.228

Mastrofski, S. D. (2006, November). Police organization and management issues for the next

decade. Paper presented at the National Institute of Justice Policing Research Workshop:

Planning for the Future, Washington DC. Retrieved from

https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/218584.pdf

Peak, K. J. (2011). Justice administration: Police, courts and corrections management (7th ed.).

Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Prentice Hall

Shelor, W. (2006). Rethinking "person of interest" [letter to the editor]. American Journalism

Review 28(2), 71.

The example references above are pre-formatted in automatic hanging indents so that you need only highlight the entry and retype with your own text. You do not have to enter line breaks (except at the end of each entry) or tabs to indent. Use the Enter key to insert a line break only at the end of each reference. If you need more help with references, refer to Introduction to the APA, pp. 11-30 for content questions and p. 65 for format questions; otherwise, contact the Writing Center. The types of references above are as follows: 1. Julseth et al. is an article in a scholarly journal retrieved from a library database. 2. Mastrofski is a document retrieved from the Internet (a Google search). 3. Peak is a book. 4. Shelor is a letter to the editor of a journal retrieved from a library database that did not provide a doi number. Please note that federal and state laws can be difficult to identify and cite correctly. In the case of a law, you need to determine whether you are looking at the final version of a law, a proposed version, or an amended version. Often you may be looking at an interpretation of a law by another organization rather than the actual law as passed. Citation rules for legal references do not follow the same pattern as rules for other types of sources. Our recommendation is this: If you want to cite a law or some version of it, have an SMUMN librarian help you identify what form of it you retrieved. Then the librarians or Writing Center staff can help you write your reference.