Molecule Models

In this chapter, you learned about atoms and the bonds that form between them. To illustrate bonding, chemists use ball –and-stick modeling kits. These kits usually contain balls that represent the atoms, and sticks that represent the chemical bonds between the atoms. The balls are usually color-coded with different colors representing different elements. Different stick types are usually included so that different types of chemical bonds (single, double, or triple) can be modeled.

In this project, you will create your own modeling kit. Your kit will contain several different atoms. They will also contain chemical bonds that you will use to join the atoms together. You will use these kits to create compounds that contain ionic and covalent bonds.

Project Rules:  You should create at least six models of compounds – three with ionic bonds, and three with covalent bonds.

 Your models should be displayed together in some fashion (attached to a board, in a diorama-style box). The ionic compounds should be grouped together and titled “Ionic Compounds”. The molecular compounds should be grouped together and titled “Molecular Compounds.” Each model should be labeled with the name of the compound and its formula.

 In addition to your models, you must have a chart that gives an overview of all your models. This chart will act as a key, explaining how you have illustrated different elements and types of bonds.

 The following is a list of molecular compounds. Select any 3 of them to model: o Water o Carbon Dioxide o Hydrogen Peroxide o Nitrogen o Sugar (glucose) o Sulfur dioxide o sulfur hexafluoride o carbon tetrachloride o nitrogen triiodide

 The following is a list of ionic compounds. Select any 3 of them to model: o Potassium Oxide o Aluminum Fluoride o Lithium Sulfide o Calcium Chloride o Magnesium Oxide o Sodium Chloride o Beryllium Iodide o Iron Oxide o Aluminum Oxide Suggested Materials  Be creative when selecting the materials for building your models. Some suggestions include raisins, gumdrops, jellied fruit candies, marshmallows, jellybeans, and clay  Different elements should be represented by different substances (for example, you cannot use marshmallows to represent all of your different elements, only one element).  Chemical bonds can be modeled by using items such as toothpicks, pipe cleaners, or paper clips (remember that different types of bonds need to be made of different materials).  When selecting your materials for making atoms, think about how you will join your atoms together. Softer materials (marshmallows) may work better than harder items (hard candies) because you can join them with toothpicks or paper clips.  If you plan on using materials that are perishable, make sure you construct your models close to the date the project is due so that the models do not spoil.  When making your atom models, make sure that you make multiples of each element because you will need several when creating your models of compounds.  Make sure you use the same type of substance for each element (For example, if you use a pink jellybean to represent Oxygen, then it should represent Oxygen in every compound you make that contains Oxygen).  Compounds containing ionic bonds form crystals of indefinite size. Each ion is held in place by the attractive force between it and neighboring ions with opposite electric charges. Such compounds can be modeled as patterns of alternating ions with no two ions of the same element next to each other. You can model these by showing only one part of the crystal that repeats.  Some of your models may include elements that exist as molecules made of one kind of atoms.

This project will count as a test/project grade and is due on Thursday May 30, 2013 Molecule Models

Agreement for Projects Done by Two Students

I am requesting permission to work with one or two other students, of my own choice, to complete the Molecule Models project.

I fully understand and agree to the following:  It is my responsibility, along with that of my project partner(s), to appropriately meet to plan and finish the project.  Once approved, this is an irrevocable commitment. I cannot back out, and I must see the project through.  My partner’s involvement will affect my grade, because all project partners will receive the same grade on all components of the project.

My partner’s name is: ______

______My Signature Date

Parental Agreement: Having discussed the above requirements with my child, I support his/her decision to complete the Molecule Models project in partnership with the classmate named above.

______My Parent’s Signature Date ***This is due back no later than Tuesday, May 21, 2013***

Rubric for grading Follows Student follows all Student follows Student follows some Student did not follow Project Rules Project Rules; most of the Project of the Project Rules, many of the Project completes 3 ionic Rules, completes 3 completes less than 3 Rules, completes less compounds and 3 ionic compounds ionic compounds than 3 ionic molecular and 3 molecular and/or less than 3 compounds and less compounds, and a compounds, and a molecular compounds, than 3 molecular key that lists all of key that lists all of and a key that lists all compounds, and a key the atoms and bonds the atoms used of the atoms used that lists all of the used 19 pts 13 pts atoms used 25 pts 7 pts

Appearance/ Models look very Models look neat Models look Models do not look Creativity neat and and professional; somewhat neat and neat or professional; professional; student student use of professional. student use of use of materials is materials is 13 pts materials is not very extraordinarily creative. creative. creative. 25 pts 19 pts 7 pts

Models All models Most models Some models Most models do not accurately depict the accurately depict the accurately depict the accurately depict the correct compound correct compound correct compound correct compound (correct atoms, (correct atoms, (correct atoms, (correct atoms, number of atoms, number of atoms, number of atoms, and number of atoms, and and type of bond). and type of bond). type of bond) OR type of bond) Models are correctly Models are correctly models are not AND/OR models are labeled with their labeled with their correctly labeled with not correctly labeled name and formula, name and formula, their name and with their name and and in the correct and in the correct formula, and in the formula, and in the grouping as ionic or grouping as ionic or correct grouping as correct grouping as molecular. molecular ionic or molecular ionic or molecular 50 pts 34 pts 18 pts 7 pts

Final Grade______