Cruise Summary Report

FOR COLLATING CENTRE USE CRUISE SUMMARY REPORT Centre: BODC Ref. No.: Is data exchange restricted Yes In part No

SHIP enter the full name and international radio call sign of the ship from which the data were collected, and indicate the type of ship, for example, research ship; ship of opportunity, naval survey vessel; etc.

Name: Hakuho Maru Call Sign: JDSS

Type of ship: Research Ship

enter the unique number, name or CRUISE NO. / NAME KH-12-4 Cruise acronym assigned to the cruise (or cruise leg, if appropriate).

CRUISE PERIOD start 23 / August / 2012 to 03/ October / 2012 end (set sail) day/ month/ year day/ month/ year (return to port)

PORT OF DEPARTURE (enter name and country) Tokyo (Japan)

PORT OF RETURN (enter name and country) Vancouver (Canada)

RESPONSIBLE LABORATORY enter name and address of the laboratory responsible for coordinating the scientific planning of the cruise

Name: Marine Inorganic Chemistry Lab., Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, Univ. Tokyo Address:, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564 Country: Japan

CHIEF SCIENTIST(S) enter name and laboratory of the person(s) in charge of the scientific work (chief of mission) during the cruise. Toshitaka Gamo, Marine Inorganic Chemistry Lab., Ocean Research Institute, Univ. Tokyo

OBJECTIVES AND BRIEF NARRATIVE OF CRUISE enter sufficient information about the purpose and nature of the cruise so as to provide the context in which the report data were collected. This cruise has been internationally authorized as the GEOTRACES zonal study in the North Pacific Ocean (GP02). GEOTRACES means an international study of the marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes (TEIs) with a global point of view. The study of TEIs has graduated from a curiosity to understand how the chemical diversity of trace elements, in their various redox and chemical states, interacts with the physical and biological processes occurring in the ocean. Perturbations of their cycles induced by the climate change may have fundamental consequences for the global carbon cycle, which is firmly associated with global climate. This cruise aimed at establishing the first 2-dimensional profiles of GEOTRACES trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) in the northern (subarctic) North Pacific, in order to advance ocean sciences on trace elements and isotopes as mentioned above. The Pacific Ocean occupies a vast area of the world ocean, but little is known about the marine biogeochemical cycles on TEIs. This cruise occupied an important part of the northern North Pacific, known as a typical HNLC zone. Some radioisotopes are associated with the accident at Fukushima nuclear power plant on March 11, 2011. Submarine hydrothermal activity at Juan de Fuca Ridge is an important target as a significant source of trace metals from lithosphere to seawater. In order to pursue these purposes, seawater samples were taken from surface to bottom by clean CTD hydrocasts (12L Niskin-X bottles) using a Ti-armored cable and a large volume (250L) water sampling system. Bottom sediments were also sampled by using a multiple corer. Measurements of chemical constituents and isotopes were and will be performed in clean rooms on board the ship and in shore-based laboratories. In addition, we conducted inter-calibration studies, by comparing the GEOTRACES-recommended Kevlar wire hydrocast with the R/V Hakuho Maru’s titanium wire hydrocast. We visited one baseline station, K2 at (47°N, 160°E) in the northwest Pacific Ocean, taking seawater samples not only for shipboard scientists but also for other international scientists who will be interested in measuring some of the GEOTRACES key parameters for intercomparison.

PROJECT (IF APPLICABLE) if the cruise is designated as part of a larger scale cooperative project (or expedition), then enter the name of the project, and of organisation responsible for co-ordinating the project.

Project name: GEOTRACES (Western half of the GP02 line)

Coordinating body: SCOR, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (Univ. Tokyo) Page 2

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS: Enter the name and address of the Principal Investigators responsible for the data collected on the cruise and who may be contacted for further information about the data. (The letter assigned below against each Principal Investigator is used on pages 2 and 3, under the column heading ‘PI‘, to identify the data sets for which he/she is responsible)

A. Toshitaka Gamo (Atmosphere & Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, JAPAN, [email protected]) B. Hajime Obata (Atmosphere & Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, JAPAN, [email protected]) C. Yoshihisa Kato (School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University, Orido 3-20-1, Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka 424-8610, JAPAN, [email protected])

MOORINGS, BOTTOM MOUNTED GEAR AND DRIFTING SYSTEMS

This section should be used for reporting moorings, bottom mounted gear and drifting systems (both surface and deep) deployed and/or recovered during the cruise. Separate entries should be made for each location (only deployment positions need be given for drifting systems). This section may also be used to report data collected at fixed locations which are returned to routinely in order to construct ‘long time series‘.

APPROXIMATE POSITION DATA DESCRIPTION PI TYPE Identify, as appropriate, the nature of the instrumentation the parameters (to be) LATITUDE LONGITUDE measured, the number of instruments and their depths, whether deployed and/or See enter recovered, dates of deployments and/or recovery, and any identifiers given to the site. top of deg min N/S deg min E/W code(s) page. from list on last page.

Please continue on separate sheet if necessary Page 3

SUMMARY OF MEASUREMENTS AND SAMPLES TAKEN

Except for the data already described on page 2 under ‘Moorings, Bottom Mounted Gear and Drifting Systems‘, this section should include a summary of all data collected on the cruise, whether they be measurements (e.g. temperature, salinity values) or samples (e.g. cores, net hauls).

Separate entries should be made for each distinct and coherent set of measurements or samples. Different modes of data collection (e.g. vertical profiles as opposed to underway measurements) should be clearly distinguished, as should measurements/sampling techniques that imply distinctly different accuracy’s or spatial/temporal resolutions. Thus, for example, separate entries would be created for i) BT drops, ii) water bottle stations, iii) CTD casts, iv) towed CTD, v) towed undulating CTD profiler, vi) surface water intake measurements, etc.

Each data set entry should start on a new line – it’s description may extend over several lines if necessary.

NO, UNITS : for each data set, enter the estimated amount of data collected expressed in terms of the number of ‘stations‘; miles‘ of track; ’days‘ of recording; ‘cores‘ taken; net ‘hauls‘; balloon ‘ascents‘; or whatever unit is most appropriate to the data. The amount should be entered under ‘NO‘ and the counting unit should be identified in plain text under ‘UNITS‘.

DESCRIPTION PI NO UNITS DATA Identify, as appropriate, the nature of the data and of the instrumentation/sampling gear and list the parameters measured. TYPE Include any supplementary information that may be appropriate, e. g. vertical or horizontal profiles, depth horizons, see see see continuous recording or discrete samples, etc. For samples taken for later analysis on shore, an indication should be given page above above Enter of the type of analysis planned, i.e. the purpose for which the samples were taken. 2 code(s) from list on last page A 22 station H09, Seawater samples were taken using a Seabird Carousel-32 Multi Bottle water B H10, sampling system containing a Seabird SBE-9plus CTD. The system was lowered H16, from sea surface to just above the bottom, attached at the end of Ti- armored cable. H21, Pre-cleaned 12L Niskin-X bottles (Teflon-coated) were used for seawater sampling. H22, Large volume (~250 L) seawater samples were taken using a specially designed H24, large volume water sampling system. H25, In situ filtration was also conducted to take particulate material for chemical analyses. H26, H27, H28, H30 C 22 core G04 Surface sediment (20~40 cm depth) was taken using a multiple corer.

Please continue on separate sheet if necessary Page 4

TRACK CHART: You are strongly encouraged to submit, with the completed Insert a tick() in ✓ report, an annotated track chart illustrating the this box if a track route followed chart is supplied and the points where measurements were taken.

GENERAL OCEAN AREA(S): Enter the names of the oceans and/or seas in which data were collected during the cruise – please use commonly recognised names (see, for example, International Hydrographic Bureau Special Publication No. 23, ‘Limits of Oceans and Seas‘).

North Pacific Ocean

SPECIFIC AREAS: If the cruise activities were concentrated in a specific area(s) of an ocean or sea, then enter a description of the area(s). Such descriptions may include references to local geographic areas, to sea floor features, or to geographic coordinates. Please insert here the number of each square in which data were collected from the below given chart

130, 157, 158, 162, 163, 164, 165, 196, 198

see above

THANK YOU FOR YOUR COOPERATION Please send your completed report without delay to the collating centre indicated on the cover page PPageage 15 PARAMETER CODES

METEOROLOGY MARINE BIOLOGY/FIS HERIES M01 Upper air observations B01 Primary productivity M02 Incident radiation B02 Phytoplankton pigments (eg chlorophyll, M05 Occasional standard measurements fluorescence) M06 Routine sta ndard measurements B71 Particulate organic matter (inc POC, PON) M71 Atmospheric chemistry B06 Dissolved organic matter (inc DOC) M90 Other meteorological measurements B72 Biochemical measurements (eg lipids, amino acids)

PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY B73 Sediment traps H71 Surface measurements underway (T,S) B08 Phytoplankton H13 Bathythermograph B09 Zooplankton H09 Water bottle stations B03 Seston H10 CTD stations B10 Neuston H11 Subsurface measurements underway (T ,S) B11 Nekton H72 Thermistor chain B13 Eggs & larvae H16 Transparency (eg transmissometer) B07 Pelagic bacteria/micro -organisms H17 Optics (eg underwater light levels) B16 Benthic bacteria/micro -organisms H73 Geochemical tracers (eg freons) B17 Phytobenthos D01 Current meters B18 Zoobenthos D71 Current profiler (eg ADCP) B25 Birds D03 Currents measured from ship drift B26 Mammals & reptiles D04 GEK B14 Pelagic fish D05 Surface drifters/drifting buoys B19 Demersal fish D06 Neutrally buoyant floats B20 Molluscs D09 Sea level (incl. Bottom pressure & inverted B21 Crustaceans echosounder) B28 Acoustic reflection on marine organisms D72 Instrumented wave measurements B37 Taggings D90 Other physical oceanographic measurements B64 Gear research B65 Exploratory fishing CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY B90 Other biological/fisheries measurements H21 Oxygen H74 Carbon dioxide MARINE GEOLOGY/GEOPHYSICS H33 Other dissolved gases G01 Dredge H22 Phosphate G02 Grab H23 Total - P G03 Core - rock H24 Nitrate G04 Core - soft bottom H25 Nitrite G08 Bottom photography H75 Total - N G71 In-situ seafloor measurement/sampling H76 Ammonia G72 Geophysical measurements made at depth H26 Silicate G73 Single -beam echosounding H27 Alkalinity G74 Multi -beam echosounding H28 PH G24 Long/short range side scan sonar H30 Trace elements G75 Single channel seismic reflection H31 Radioactivity G76 Multichannel seismic reflection H32 Isotopes G26 Seismic refraction H90 Other chemical oceanographic G27 Gravity measurements measurements G28 Magnetic measurements G90 Other geological/geophysical measurements MARINE CONTAMINANTS/POLLUTION P01 Suspended matter P02 Trace metals P03 Petroleum residues P04 Chlorinated hydrocarbons

P05 Other dissolved substances

P12 Bottom deposits

P13 Contaminants in organisms

P90 Other contaminant measurements