Longitude Latitude Long. Lat. Parts of Maps Types of Maps Special Maps Graphs, Charts

Topic World Longitude Latitude Creates a grid for finding Absolute Location (The exact spot on the Earth’s surface) Long. Longitude: Vertical lines that measure East and West. All the lines intersect at the North and South poles. They are also known as Meridian Lines. There are 360° (180° East & 180° West) Prime Meridian: 0° Longitude

Lat. Latitude: Horizontal lines that measure North and South. All the lines parallel. There are 180° (90° North & 90° South) Equator: 0° Latitude center of Earth Parts of Maps 1. Title 2. Compass Rose a. N. S. E. W.-Cardinal Direction: only one of each b. NE. NW.SE.SW-Intermediate Directions: Infinite number DIAGRAM 3. Legend: Information about the map 4. Scale: Measures distance on the map. 5. Grid System: Finds absolute location and/or relative location (Where something is in relation to something else ie. El Paso is in West Texas, Texas is in the Southwest of the US.)

Types of Maps Winkel Tripel Projection: Shows size and shape, but distorts pole areas, and all lines are curved.

Robinson Projection: Eastern and Western parts of the map accurate, continents shapes are similar to actual continents. The poles are distorted. Goode’s Interrupted Equal-Area Projection: Size and shape are accurate, but distances are distorted.

Mercator Projection: Most common used. Greenland and Antarctica are greatly distorted. Extremely accurate for measuring. Long.(Meridian) & Lat. Lines are straight.

Special Maps

Physical Maps: Shows physical features on the Earth’s surface ie. Mountains, rivers, lakes, plains, forests…

Political Maps: Used to show countries. Also used to show smaller entities such as states, counties, cities, towns…

Special-Purpose Maps: 1. Population Density Map 2. Economic Map: Shows how an area makes its money. Can be agricultural Graphs, Charts, or industrial and Diagrams 3. Vegetation Map 4. Elevation/Topography Map: Shows elevation above sea level, and depths of oceans.

Graphs: Visually present information. 1. Line Graph: Shows changes in two variables, usually one is time. 2. Bar Graph: Used to compare differences. 3. Circle/Pie Graphs: Shows percentages of the whole. Hemispheres Charts & Tables: Used to arrange information.

Diagrams: Shows how to do something

Small Scales Maps Northern and Southern Hemispheres are divided at the Equator @ 0°. Eastern and Western Hemispheres are divided at the Prime Meridian @ 0° and 180°

Usually cities, counties, towns all usually use Numbers and Letters to create a grid system. Only gives relative location.

The End