Lexington County Map Challenge

Lexington County Map Challenge Key Study the various Lexington County maps and Robert Mill's description of Lexington County: Coate, Edgar Township Map, Hunter, Mills, Mills Statistics, and Stoeber. Complete the following map challenges: Which Came First?, Change Over Time, On the Cherokee Path to Charleston, and Mills Atlas and Statistics. Checklist and Rubric Map Challenge Checklist and Rubric (Worth 20 points)

Student Name ______Student Score ______Task Check Score When Unacceptable Needs Good Excellent Completed Work Worth 0 2 3 4 1 1. Which Came First?

2. Change Over Time

3. On The Cherokee Path To Charleston

4. Mills Atlas and Statisitcs

Total Total Total Total Total

Which Came First? 2

1. Order: Hunter, Coate, Mills, and Stoeber. 2. Clues:  The Hunter map's first quadrant (upper left) dates the map-May 21, 1730.  The Coate, Mills, and Stoeber maps all depict Lexington District. Which came first? The problem is that of these three maps, only the Mills map is dated-"Improved For Mills' Atlas, 1825." Interestingly, the Mills map has two dates. For his Atlas, Mills improved a map formerly "Surveyed by M. Coate, 1820." But, who is M.Coate?  Turning our attention from Mills we notice that the Coate map was "Surveyed by Marmaduke Coate." Could it be that M.Coate and Marmaduke Coate are the same person? I think so!  The chronological order thus far is Hunter (1730), Coate (1820), and Mills (1825). But what about Stoeber? There are four logical possibilities for ordering the Stoeber map: 1. Before Hunter (before 1730) 2. After Hunter but before Coate (between 1730 and 1820) 3. Between Coate and Mills (between 1820 and 1825) 4. After Mills (after 1825).  We can infer that Stoeber prepared his map after Mills by noticing a more complex road system on the Stoeber map. Further, in the second quadrant of the Stoeber map, we learn that the map was "Compiled from Railroad, Coast & State Surveys. Railroad development in South Carolina did not occur extensively until after Mills. Interesting to note, Mills was an advocate for railroads, and devised a plan for a state railroad system that can be seen in his supplement to the Mills Atlas-- Mills Statistics.

Change Over Time 3

Comparing the Coate and Mills maps, there are some interesting differences, which include the following:  From 1820 to 1825, "Fox's Private Entertainment" changed to "Sharp's Private Ent." To find Sharp's Private Entertainment locate the Lexington courthouse in on the Mills map. The courthouse is 12.5 miles from the Columbia ferry. Travel northeasterly on the road to "Columbia Ferry." Cross Twelve Mile Creek. Go past Andrew Tarrer's place. Stop at the Twelve Mile Creek Branch, where you will find Sharp's Private Entertainment. Compare to the Coate map, which locates Fox's Private Entertainment at the 6.5-mile marker.  The Coate map includes mile markers on the road leading to and from the Lexington courthouse.  Coate depicts the State House, but does not outline Columbia; Mills outlines Columbia, but does not draw the State House.  In 1820, George Shephard owned a mill on Twelve Mile Creek, just north of where the branch forks from Twelve Mile Creek. By 1825, the mill was known as Leaphart's Mill. There are other differences that can be identified. Many of these differences include spelling changes and such. The differences reported here are interesting because they reveal change over time. 4

On The Cherokee Path To Charleston 1. On March 11, 1730, George Hunter began his journey along the Cherokee path from Charleston. Hunter arrived at Saxe Gotha on March 18, 1730. It took Hunter eight days to travel from Charleston to Saxe Gotha. According to Hunter's measurements, Saxe Gotha was 144 miles from Charleston. Interesting to note: according to 21st century measures Charleston is about 120 miles from Columbia. Marking distance with his watch, George Hunter was off by only 20 miles! Also interesting to consider-a trip that took George Hunter eight days to make by foot would take us only a couple of hours to complete by car.

2. From Finding Saxe Gotha we learn that Saxe Gotha boundaries included Sandy Run and 12 Mile Creek. Saxe Gotha's approximate boundaries can be seen here. Notice how the township is located directly on the Cherokee path to Charleston. Recall that townships were established for two general purposes: 1) to promote white protestant settlement for protecting Charleston rice planters against the growing African slave population, and 2) to protect Charleston from Indian, French, and Spanish attacks. 5

Mills Atlas And Statistics

Edgefield District Columbia Fairfield District Granby Newberry District Lexington Orangeburg District Platt Springs Academy Richland District Big Pond Branch Broad River Big Beaver Creek Congaree River Congaree Creek North Edisto River Ruff’s Mountain Saluda River