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DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS DIVISION 6 FACILITIES MANAGEMENT SERVICES WOOD

DIVISION 6 WOOD

Division 6 of the Carnegie Mellon University Design and Construction Standards Manual addresses the following standards for performing rough and finish carpentry on University projects.

06100 ROUGH CARPENTRY 06200 FINISH CARPENTRY DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS DIVISION 6 FACILITIES MANAGEMENT SERVICES WOOD

06100 ROUGH CARPENTRY This section addresses wood grounds, furring, nailers, blocking, and sleepers. All miscellaneous lumber fabrication shall be from dimension lumber and shall comply with the following: • Moisture content 19% maximum • No. 3 standard grade lumber per American Lumber Standards Committee (ALSC) for any species • No. 3 common grade per Northeastern Lumber Manufacturers Association (NELMA) Blocking, to support other work, is a major portion of rough carpentry work at the University. To avoid change orders, the scope of blocking required shall be clearly indicated. The following list includes some of the common items that may need concealed wood blocking: • Miscellaneous metals such as handrails • Finish carpentry and millwork, including office shelves and casework • Roof and flashing • Roof accessories and skylights • Windows • Chalkboards and tackboards • Toilet partitions • Signage and graphics • Fire extinguishers and cabinets • Toilet accessories • Projection screens • Casework and attached furnishings, including laboratory bench casework • Window treatment such as blinds, shades, and drapes • Electrical framing such as mounting boards for telephone, fire alarm, and electrical panels

Roof Blocking Roof blocking shall be aligned with top roof insulation to prevent any sharp or abrupt change of plane that would damage the roof covering. The roof blocking structure shall be anchored securely to: • Withstand at least a 360-lb uplift force when tested at any location • Comply with the roof system manufacturer’s requirements • Comply with Factory Mutual Prevention Data 1-49 The most restrictive requirement shall govern.

December 1998 P. 6-2 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS DIVISION 6 FACILITIES MANAGEMENT SERVICES WOOD

Preservative Treatment Lumber indicated to be preservative-treated shall comply with the applicable requirements of the American Wood Preservers Association, AWPA C2 (lumber) and AWPA C9 (plywood). Preservatives for treated-wood blocking and nailers in contact with membrane roofing systems must be approved by the roof system manufacturer. Creosote, pentachlorophenal, copper napthenate, and copper 8-quin-olinate are typically not approved by roofing system manufacturers.

Fire-Retardant The University requires fire-retardant treated wood in accordance with applicable requirements of AWPA C20 and UL. Intumescent and surface-applied fire-retardant treatments are not acceptable.

06200 FINISH CARPENTRY Finish carpentry refers to carpentry work that is exposed to view and is non-structural. The Architectural Woodwork Institute (AWI) publication “Architectural Woodwork Quality Standards, Guide Specifications, and Quality Certification Program” shall be used when designing, detailing, and specifying finish carpentry and millwork. The fire-performance standard shall be in accordance with UL classifications and as follows: • AWPA C20, standard for lumber • AWPA C27, standard for plywood • ASTM E 84, surface burning characteristic • Flame spread 25 Custom casework shall be detailed in both elevation and section. The AWI publication “Architectural Casework - General” is a good reference and includes some typical casework details. The specification shall follow the master guideline specifications included in the AWI publication referenced in the paragraph above. The quality of the case materials, the thickness of each panel, and the types of connections and construction shall all be defined clearly. Since the AWI reference standard requires only “hardware standard with woodworker,” the casework hardware must be specified in detail to control quality. Inferior quality hinges are a common problem; institutional-quality knuckle-butt hinges shall be specified wherever possible. High quality ball-bearing slides with load capacity appropriate for the intended use shall be specified. Drawer and door pulls shall be barrier-free but shall not protrude in a manner that suggests the pull could be used as a step (a common problem for lower drawer pulls).

December 1998 P. 6-3 DIVISION 6 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS WOOD FACILITIES MANAGEMENT SERVICES

Hardware used on casework must be readily and commonly available. Hardware that has been available for a long time and is expected to be available in the future shall be specified. Plastic laminate countertops shall be constructed with backer sheets or balancing sheets on concealed surfaces to reduce warping. All parts of the core shall be completely covered with laminate or thoroughly sealed against moisture to reduce the likelihood of the core swelling and causing the laminate to come loose; this is especially important at loose splashes. Countertops in toilet rooms at lavatories shall not be laminated; they are difficult to keep dry, difficult to clean, and easily damaged. Wall-hung lavatories without countertops are preferred. A countertop opposite or near the lavatories, however, is desirable to provide a place for books, purses, and parcels when using the lavatory. Countertops shall be adequately braced and framed to support heavy and unusual loads (such as people sitting or standing on the countertops). The University prefers woodwork to be field finished with polyurethane or alkyd varnish since these can easily be touched-up and repaired. Care shall be taken to avoid specifying finishes for finish carpentry and millwork that are difficult to touch-up and re-coat on site. Oil finishes, which often require excessive maintenance, shall be avoided. Oil finishes shall definitely not be used on an exterior application.

P. 6-4 December 1998