Tennessee Academic Vocabulary 4Th Grade s1

Tennessee Academic Vocabulary – Eighth Grade Science Vocabulary

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WORD DEFINITION CURRICULUM OPPORTUNITIES NUMBER OF EXPOSURES Pronunciation: ik-"sel-&-'rA- acceleration sh&n, ak- Function: noun 1 : the act or process of accelerating : the state of being accelerated 2 : the rate of change of velocity with respect to time; also : change in velocity Pronunciation: 'bI-"Om biome Function: noun : a major type of ecological community Biotic factors: living or having Biotic and abiotic lived factors Abiotic factors:non-living, never having lived group of symbols representing Chemical equation a chemical reaction.

Continental drift refers to the Continental drift movement of the Earth's and plate continents relative to each other. tectonics Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων, tektōn "builder" or "mason") is a theory of geology that has been developed to explain the observed evidence for large scale motions of the Earth's crust. Identification of plants and Dichotomous key animals in biology is frequently aided by using a dichotomous key, a (usually written) device constructed from a series of highly organized statements arranged into couplets. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) DNA is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms. Dominant traits: Dominant Dominant and traits are traits that always recessive traits appear and that we see Recessive traits: Recessive traits are traits that disappear or recede into the background and only show up in a few generations A movement within the Earth's earthquake crust or mantle, caused by the sudden rupture or repositioning of underground rocks as they release stress. Endothermic: Accompanied by Endo/exothermic the absorption of heat Exothermic: describes a process or reaction that releases energy in the form of heat. Coal, oil, gas, gas hydrates, Energy resources geothermal, oil shale, uranium

Genetic engineering, genetic Genetic modification (GM) and gene engineering splicing are terms for the process of manipulating genes, generally if the process is outside the organism's natural reproductive process. The genotype is the specific Genotype and genetic genome of an phenotype individual, in the form of DNA Phenotype: The phenotype of an individual organism is either its total physical appearance and constitution or a specific manifestation of a trait, such as size, eye color, or behavior that varies between individuals. Biology. A taxonomic category Genus and ranking below a family and species above a species and generally consisting of a group of species exhibiting similar characteristics. In taxonomic nomenclature the genus name is used, either alone or followed by a Latin adjective or epithet, to form the name of a species. Species: Biology. A fundamental category of taxonomic classification, ranking below a genus or subgenus and consisting of related organisms capable of interbreeding. The mutual attraction between Gravitation two masses. (universal law)

Igneous and Igneous rocks: Rock formed metamorphic by the solidification of molten rocks material that originated within the earth. Metamorphic rocks: The reluctance of a body to inertia change its state of rest or of uniform velocity in a straight line. Inertia is measured by mass when linear velocities and accelerations are considered and by moment of inertia for angular motions (that is, rotations about an axis) A principle in classical physics Law of stating that the total mass of an conservation of isolated system is unchanged by mass interaction of its parts.

Naturally occurring solid minerals element or compound, exclusive of biologically formed carbon components. Has definite composition or range of composition and orderly internal atomic arrangement (crystalline structure), which gives unique physical and chemical properties, including tendency to assume certain geometrical forms known as crystals. momentum Mass times velocity

Monohybrid cross A monohybrid cross, in genetics, is the mating between two heterozygous individuals. Generally, dominant characteristics are represented with a capital letter, A, and recessive characteristics are represented by a lower case letter, a. mutation The act or process of being altered or changed. An alteration or change, as in nature, form, or quality. Genetics. A change of the DNA sequence within a gene or chromosome of an organism resulting in the creation of a new character or trait not found in the parental type. The process by which such a change occurs in a chromosome, either through an alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA coding for a gene or through a change in the physical arrangement of a chromosome. A mutant.

Newton’s 3 laws The three laws proposed by Sir of motion Isaac Newton to define the concept of a force and describe motion, used as the basis of classical mechanics. pH The negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen-ion activity. It denotes the degree of acidity or of basicity of a solution. At 25 degrees C, 7 is the neutral value. Acidity increases with decreasing values below 7, and basicity increases with increasing values above 7. ASM, 1

Punnett square The Punnett square is a diagram designed by Reginald Punnett and used by biologists to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype. A sequence of events Rock cycle involving the formation, alteration, destruction, and reformation of rocks as a result of such processes as magmatism, erosion, transportation, deposition, lithification, and metamorphism. A possible sequence involves the crystallization of magma to form igneous rocks that are then broken down to sediment as a result of weathering, the sediments later being lithified to form sedimentary rocks, which in turn are altered to metamorphic rocks. speed Physics. The rate or a measure of the rate of motion, especially: Distance traveled divided by the time of travel. The limit of this quotient as the time of travel becomes vanishingly small; the first derivative of distance with respect to time. The magnitude of a velocity. velocity Rapidity or speed of motion; swiftness. Physics. A vector quantity whose magnitude is a body's speed and whose direction is the body's direction of motion.

The rate of speed of action or occurrence. The rate at which money changes hands in an economy. Landform developed by volcano accumulation of magmatic products near central vent.