<<

The Economic Legacy

Edited by Stephen P. Dunn

Volume I The Large Firm, Keynesianism, Price Control and Economic Development

fl Routledge jj^^ Taylor & Francis Croup

LONDON AND NEW YORK CONTENTS

VOLUME I THE LARGE FIRM, KEYNESIANISM, PRICE CONTROL'AND' ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Acknowledgements xix Chronological table of reprinted articles and chapters xxiii

General introduction 1

Books by John Kenneth Galbraith 19

Introduction 21

PARTI The emergence of the large firm 29 > 1 The quantitative position of marketing in the United States 31 J. K. GALBRAITH AND J. D. BLACK 2 Monopoly power and price rigidities 47 J. K. GALBRAITH 3 Rational and irrational consumer preference 61 J. K. GALBRAITH 4 Monopoly and the concentration of economic power 68 J. K. GALBRAITH 5 The defense of business: a strategic appraisal 95 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH CONTENTS

PART 2 Early Keynesianism 107

6 The maintenance of agricultural production during the depression: the explanations reviewed 109 JOHN K. GALBRAITH AND JOHN D. BLACK

7 Fiscal policy and the employment-investment controversy 124 J. K. GALBRAITH

8 Public works policy and unemployment _ 136 J. K. GALBRAITH

PART 3 Price control 147

9 Defense financing and inflation potentialities 149 ALVIN H. HANSEN

10 The selection and timing of inflation controls 159 J. K. GALBRAITH

11 Some additional comments on the inflation symposium 165 ALVIN H. HANSEN

12 Price control: some lessons from the first phase 169 J. K. GALBRAITH

PART 4 A Theory of Price Control: defence and debate 177

13 Reflections on price control 179 J. K. GALBRAITH

14 The disequilibrium system 191 J. K. GALBRAITH

15 The strategy of direct control in economic mobilization 207 J. K. GALBRAITH

16 Review of 'A Theory of Price Control' 216 G. C. ALLEN

VI CONTENTS

17 and stabilization policy 218 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

18 Galbraith on market structure and stabilization policy 234 ROBERT SOLOMON

19 Galbraith on market structure and stabilization policy: comment 242 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

20 A comment on market structure and stabilization policy 244 ALLAN H. MELTZER

21 A comment on market structure and stabilization policy: reply 249 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

PART 5 A Theory of Price Control: critical commentaries 251

22 Galbraith and the theory of price control 253 DAVID COLANDER

23 The theory of price controls: John Kenneth Galbraith's contribution 264 STEPHANIE LAGUERODIE AND FRANCISCO VERGARA

PART 6 • The of war 293

24 Germany was badly run 295 J. K. GALBRAITH \

25 Recovery in Europe 308 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

26 Professor Despres on "Effects of strategic bombing on the German war economy" 332 PAUL A. BARAN AND J. K. GALBRAITH

Vll CONTENTS

PART 7 Economic development 337

27 Puerto Rican lessons in economic development 339 J. K. GALBRAITH AND CAROLYN SHAW SOLO 28 The underdeveloped country: lectures I-V 345 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 29 A positive approach to economic aid 378 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH - 30 Galbraith on economic development 390 JOHN ADAMS * 8j 31 Galbraith and the problem of uneven development 400 JIM PEACH

VOLUME II AMERICAN CAPITALISM, AVARICE AND AFFLUENCE

Acknowledgements ix

Introduction 1

PART 8 American Capitalism: defense and debate 7

32 Review of American Capitalism: The Concept of 9 JOAN ROBINSON 33 American Capitalism 12 ADOLPH A. BERLE, JR. 34 Competition, monopoly and countervailing power 19 WALTER ADAMS 35 Errors in the concept of countervailing power 41 SIMON N. WHITNEY 36 Countervailing power 61 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

Vlll CONTENTS

37 The economist plays with blocs 67 GEORGE J. STIGLER 38 Competition and countervailing power: their roles in the American economy 76 JOHN PERRY MILLER 39 Discussion 86 DAVID MCCORD WRIGHT 40 A critique of countervailing power 96 ARTHUR SCHWEITZER 41 Notes on countervailing power 119 A. HUNTER * $ 42 Mr. Hunter on countervailing power: a comment 135 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

PART 9 Countervailing power: critical commentaries 139

43 Countervailing power revisited 141 ARTHUR SCHWEITZER 44 Countervailing power and consumer prices 159 PAUL W. DOBSON AND MICHAEL WATERSON 45 Dominant retailers and the countervailing-power hypothesis 174 ZHIQI CHEN

PART 10 Money and speculation 195

46 The days of boom and bust 197 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 47 The balance of payments: a political and administrative view 207 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 48 1929 and 1969: financial genius is a short memory and a rising market 218 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

IX CONTENTS

49 The stock market boom and crash of 1929 revisited 234 EUGENE N. WHITE 50 John Kenneth Galbraith's contributions to the theory and analysis of speculative financial markets 253 CHARLES G. LEATHERS AND J. PATRICK RAINES 51 J. K. Galbraith and the nature of modern money 273

PAUL DAVIDSON AND STEPHEN P. DUNN

PART 11 The Affluent Society and social imbalance 303 52 How much should a country consume? 305 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 53 The social balance 314 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 54 Economics and the quality of life 321

JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

PART 12 The Affluent Society: reviews and reactions 337 55 The Affluent Society: a review article 339 RUTLEDGE VINING 56 Economics of affluence 348 CYRIL A. ZEBOT 57 The consumer and Madison Avenue 361 HARRY G. JOHNSON 58 The non sequitur of the "dependence effect" 370 F. A. VON HAYEK 59 Social imbalance: where do we stand? 374 CAMPBELL R. MCCONNELL 60 The Affluent Society after twenty-five years 394 J. R. STANFIELD 61 Rereading The Affluent Society 411 ROBERT HEILBRONER CONTENTS

VOLUME III THE NEW INDUSTRIAL STATE, THE BIMODAL VIEW AND REACTION TO 'MOVEMENT CONSERVATISM'

Acknowledgements ix

Introduction 1

PART 13 The New Industrial State: Reith Lectures 11

62 The new industrial state, the Reith Lectures: Lecture 1 13 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 63 The modern corporation, the Reith Lectures: Lecture 2 22 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 64 Control of prices and people, the Reith Lectures: Lecture 3 31 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 65 The role of the state, the Reith Lectures: Lecture 4 40 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 66 The bearing on socialist development, the Reith Lectures: Lecture 5 48 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 67 The cultural impact, the Reith Lectures: Lecture 6 58 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

PART 14 The New Industrial State: defence and debate 67

68 The new industrial state or son of affluence 69 ROBERT M. SOLOW 69 A review of a review 78 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 70 A rejoinder 88 ROBERT M. SOLOW 71 Galbraith, Solow, and the truth about corporations 90 ROBIN MARRIS

XI CONTENTS

72 The truth further refined: a comment on Marris 99 ROBERT M. SOLOW ,

73 The close of the Galbraithian system 104 SCOTT GORDON

74 Professor Gordon on 'The close of the Galbraithian system' 114 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

75 "The Galbraithian system": rejoinder 124 SCOTT GORDON i.

76 Economics as a system of belief 128 JOHN KENNETH*GALBRAITH

77 Discussion 145 E. GOLDSTON AND H. DEMSETZ

78 Power and the useful economist 156 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

79 Time and The New Industrial State 169 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

80 Discussion 175 B. BLUESTONE, R. M. SOLOW AND F. M. SCHERER

81 A look back: affirmation and error 183 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

» PART 15 The New Industrial State: reviews and reactions 187

82 Professor Galbraith's "New Industrial State" 189 IRVING KRISTOL

83 Galbraith and consumer sovereignty 196 MAURICE ZINKIN

84 Is "The New Industrial State" inevitable? 204 J. E. MEADE

85 Review of The New Industrial State 225 ROBIN MARRIS

Xll CONTENTS

86 A Galbraith reappraisal: the ideologue as gadfly 233 BOB FITCH

87 Professor Galbraith and American Capitalism 243 RALPH MILIBAND

88 Planning within the firm 256 JOSEPH L. BOWER

89 Advertising in the affluent society 271 HAROLD DEMSETZ

90 Where is the new industrial state? 280 HAROLD DEMSETZ * Ij,

91 and the new industrial state 292

CHARLES G. LEATHERS AND JOHN S. EVANS

PART 16 Economics and the Public Purpose: the bimodal view 307 92 Contemporary capitalism and the problem of unequal growth 309 J. K. GALBRAITH

93 The bimodal image of the modern economy: remarks upon receipt of the Veblen-Commons Award 319 J. K. GALBRAITH

94 The defense of the multinational company 330

JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

PART 17 Economics and the Public Purpose: reviews and reactions 345 95 Galbraith redux 347 JAMES TOBIN

96 Review of Economics and the Public Purpose 358 BARBARA R. BERGMANN

97 Minus the spark 362 KENNETH E. BOULDING

XU1 CONTENTS

98 Four reviews of John Kenneth Galbraith: Economics and the Public Purpose 364 MURRAY L. WEIDENBAUM, CHARLES H. HESSION, BARBARA DECKARD, HOWARD SHERMAN AND CAREY C. THOMPSON

PART 18 Mature Keynesianism and the rise of 'movement conservatism' 375

99 Recent economic policy: the deeper perspective 377 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 100 Solving unemployment without inflation 387 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 101 The of J. K. Galbraith 390 MILTON FRIEDMAN 102 The market and Mr. Reagan 414 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 103 The way up from Reagan economics 419 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 104 The social consensus and the conservative onslaught 427 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 105 The good society considered: the economic dimension 442 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

VOLUME IV THE NEW INDUSTRIAL STATE: METHODOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTS AND REAPPRAISALS

Acknowledgements ix

Introduction 1

PART 19 Methodology 9

106 The language of economics 11 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

XIV CONTENTS

107 On Post Keynesian economics 21 J. K. GALBRAITH 108 Ideology and economic reality 25 JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH 109 Economics in the century ahead 34

JOHN KENNETH GALBRAITH

PART 20 Methodology: critical commentaries 41 110 Galbraith on economics as a system of professional belief 43 WARREN J. SAMUELS ' 111 The realist approach of John Kenneth Galbraith 57 STEPHEN DUNN AND ANDREW MEARMAN 112 John Kenneth Galbraith and original 77 JAMES RONALD STANFIELD AND MARY WRENN

PART 21 The : developments 97

113 Uncertainty, market structure and performance: Galbraith as conventional wisdom 99 RICHARD E. CAVES 114 Uncertainty, market structure, and performance: the Galbraith-Caves hypothesis and managerial motives in banking 119 FRANKLIN R. EDWARDS AND ARNOLD A. HEGGESTAD 115 Supply contracts in the Galbraithian planning system 137 K. J. BLOIS 116 Discretionary expenditures and profit risk management: the Galbraith-Caves hypothesis 149 LOUIS N. CHRISTOFIDES AND FRANCIS TAPON 117 Uncertainty, market structure and performance: the Galbraith-Caves hypothesis revisited 165 LOUIS N. CHRISTOFIDES AND FRANCIS TAPON

XV CONTENTS

118 Comment on "Uncertainty, market structure and performance: the Galbraith-Caves hypothesis revisited" 173 FRANKLIN D. EDWARDS AND A. A. HEGGESTAD

PART 22 The theory of the firm: reappraisals 177

119 Galbraith and the theory of the corporation 179 JAMES K. GALBRAITH

120 Galbraith, Sraffa, Kalecki, and supra-surplus capitalism 195 E. RAY CANTERBERY

121 Galbraith, uncertainty and the modern corporation 207 STEPHEN P. DUNN

PART 23 The revised sequence 233

122 Advertising and inter-industry competition: testing a Galbraithian hypothesis 235 RONALD P. WILDER 123 The dependence effect, consumption and happiness: Galbraith revisited 249 AMITAVA KRISHNA DUTT 124 Galbraith on advertising, credit and consumption: a retrospective and empirical investigation with policy implications 276 DOUGLAS J. LAMDIN 125 Galbraith and the management of specific demand: evidence from the tobacco industry 294

STACEY J. ANDERSON AND STEPHEN P. DUNN

PART 24 The economic legacy of John Kenneth Galbraith 319 126 : the missing element in Keynesian economics 321 WALLACE C. PETERSON

XVI CONTENTS

127 The legacy of John Kenneth Galbraith 332 RICHARD PARKER 128 Sisyphus as social democrat: the life and legacy of John Kenneth Galbraith 339 J. BRADFORD DELONG 129 The corporate crisis 344 JAMES K. GALBRAITH 130 Memorializing John Kenneth Galbraith: a review of his major works, 1908-2006 353 LALL RAMRATTAN AND MICHAEL SZENBERG

Index 376

xvn