Lecture Outline - PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance Diagnostics Hardware/Software All systems will fail Prevention is best Secure BIOS Install & Update Antivirus/Firewall Reduce access to hard drive/settings (Use NTFS) Clean CPU fan Backup POST (hardware) Power On Self Test Program in BIOS Test all main computer systems at power-on. CPU ROM Motherboard circuitry (Chip-set) Memory (RAM) Major Peripherals (Keyboard, Video Card, etc.) Output messages Screen Display Beep Codes Hexadecimal code to I/O port – (I/O Port Address 80h - Need POST card) SCSI Diagnostics Contains its own BIOS that allows Ctrl+A (or something) at start-up to access Configuration Testing Low-level format NIC Diagnostics Comes with many NIC’s Need Loop-back connector or another computer with same software Third-Party Norton Diagnostics Programs AMI Diag Checkit Pro Micro-Scope PC Technician QAPlus/FE Troubleshooter – we have 4 licenses

0a08a619f2a0123d17882ab33577ac0e.doc Page 1 of 13 Richard Goldman 04/06/18 Lecture Outline - PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance DOS Chkdsk Gives HDD fragmentation report  Chkdsk /F – Fixes errors on disk  Chkdsk is used to check the status of a disk, fix some disk errors, and display a status report showing any errors found in the file allocation table (FAT) and directory structure. CHKDSK also displays a summary of disk usage. If errors are found on the disk, CHKDSK displays a warning message. Syntax: CHKDSK [path] [/F] [/V]

o path

Specifies the drive and directory to check.

o /F

Fixes errors on the disk.

o /V

Displays the full path and name of every file on the disk.

o Notes: SCANDISK can reliably detect and fix a much wider range of disk problems and is generally preferred to the somewhat dated CHKDSK. The /F switch (for fixing any errors found) should not be used while any program is running other than Dos and CHKDSK itself. CHKDSK cannot be used on drives created using SUBST, nor can it be used on network drives. In win98, CHKDSK does not check the disk, though still provides some basic data:

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Microsoft Operating DOS System Diagnostic Win 3X Tools  Chkdsk – Gives HDD fragmentation report o Chkdsk /F – Fixes errors on disk  MSD – Microsoft Diagnostics Win 9X  Chkdsk – Gives HDD fragmentation report o (Start/Run/Msconfig.exe) o Chkdsk /F – Fixes errors on disk  ScanDisk – Scans HDD for bad sectors – repairs lost & cross-linked clusters o (Start/Programs/Accessories/System Tools/Scandisk)  Device Manager o (Control Panel/System/Device Manager)  MSConfig - System Configuration Utility tool - Win 98 only o (Start/Run/Msconfig.exe) o (Start/Programs/Accessories/System Tools/System Configuration Utility?)  MSD – Microsoft Diagnostics – dubious reliability o ON Win 9x CD – not automatically loaded o (Copy from: Windows 98 CD/tools/oldmsdos/msd.exe)

0a08a619f2a0123d17882ab33577ac0e.doc Page 3 of 13 Richard Goldman 04/06/18 Lecture Outline - PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance o (Copy from: Windows 95 CD\other\MSD\MSD.exe)  System Resources - WordPad/NotePad - System Resource level - % o (Help/About WordPad)  WinIPCfg.exe – IP Configuration Settings o (Start/Run/WINIPCONFIG.exe)

Windows 98 System Monitor Disk Cleanup You can run Disk Cleanup to help you free up space on your hard drive. Disk Cleanup searches your drive, and then lists temporary files, Internet cache files, and unnecessary program files that you can safely delete. Disk Defragmenter You can use Disk Defragmenter to rearrange files and unused space on your hard disk so that programs run faster. Drive Converter (FAT32) Drive Converter converts your drive to the FAT32 file system, an enhancement of the File Allocation Table (FAT or FAT16) file system format. When your drive is in this format, it stores data more efficiently, creating up to several hundred MB of extra disk space on the drive. In addition, programs load faster and your computer uses fewer system resources. Notes  Once you convert your hard drive to FAT32 format using Drive Converter, you cannot return to using the FAT16 format unless you repartition and reformat the FAT32 drive. If you converted the drive on which Windows 98 is installed, then you must reinstall Windows 98 after repartitioning the drive.

 Older disk compression software is not compatible with FAT32. If your drive is already compressed, you may not be able to convert to FAT32. Maintenance Wizard You can use the Maintenance wizard to make your programs run faster, check your hard disk for problems, and free up hard disk space. By scheduling these utilities to run on a regular basis, you can make sure that your computer is performing at its best. ScanDisk

Scheduled Tasks In the Windows operating system, you can use Task Scheduler to schedule any application to run. To take best advantage of Task Scheduler, make sure that the system date and time for your computer

0a08a619f2a0123d17882ab33577ac0e.doc Page 4 of 13 Richard Goldman 04/06/18 Lecture Outline - PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance are accurate before you add a task. You can also use Task Scheduler to modify, delete, pause, or stop the tasks that you have scheduled, to view a log of past scheduled tasks, or to view tasks that are scheduled on a remote computer. You can add tasks by dragging scripts, programs, or documents from Windows Explorer or the desktop to the Scheduled Tasks window. System Information System Information collects your system configuration information and provides a menu for displaying the associated system topics. o Also available form MS Word/Outlook/Excel/Access – (Help/About Microsoft Word/System Info)  Hardware Resources – IRQ, DMA, Memory, Conlicts/Sharing, etc.  Components – Installed devices  Software Environment – Drivers, Loaded Tasks, etc.  Internet Explorer  Applications – Installed Programs Backup You can use Backup to back up files on your hard disk. You can back up files to floppy disks, a tape drive, or another computer on your network. (RW - CD-ROM?) Compression Agent You can use Compression Agent to compress selected files using the settings you specify. With Compression Agent, you can save disk space by compressing files, or improve performance by changing the level of compression on your files. While files on your drive are being recompressed, Compression Agent updates information in a table to reflect how your disk space changes as files are moved from one compression method to another. Drive Space You can use DriveSpace 3 to compress both hard and floppy disks to create more free space for files. You can also use DriveSpace 3 to configure disk drives that you have already compressed by using DoubleSpace or DriveSpace 3. Notes  You cannot compress drives that use FAT32. Net Watcher You can see who is currently using resources on your computer by using Net Watcher. You can also add shared folders and disconnect users from your computer or from specific files. Before you can run Net Watcher, you must have Client for Microsoft

0a08a619f2a0123d17882ab33577ac0e.doc Page 5 of 13 Richard Goldman 04/06/18 Lecture Outline - PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance Networks installed, and you must enable file and print sharing options. Resource Meter Resource Meter monitors the system resources your programs are using. Notes  To see details about system resource usage, right-click the Resource Meter icon on the right side of the taskbar and then click Details.  – Monitors system, user, & GDI – Places icon in system tray  (Data and Resources that are available to programs)  (GDI – Graphics Device Interface) System Monitor You can use System Monitor to track the performance of your computer or your network. Each activity is represented by a chart that is updated every 5 seconds.  – Track specific operations, devices, processes  Resources  Components  Software Environment  Applications  Security (Outlook Only – encryption level)

Windows 98 System Monitor - Support Tools: o (Start/Programs/Accessories/System Tools/System Monitor/Tools) Internet Explorer Repair Tool Add, repair, and restore Internet Explorer components. Remove uninstall files. Windows Report Tool If you have problems using Windows and would like to send a diagnostic report to technical support engineers, use the Windows Report Tool. After you describe the problem, the tool automatically copies pertinent information from your computer and system files. Technical support engineers can then look at your system information and work with you to resolve the problem. Update Wizard Uninstall You may have used Windows Update to install an updated version of a patch, driver, or system tool. If you then decide to uninstall the new version, and cannot reestablish your Internet connection, use the Update Wizard Uninstall to revert to the earlier version. Update Wizard Uninstall displays the updates that have been installed on your computer. Previous versions of patches, drivers, and system tools are saved in a backup folder on your hard drive. When you

0a08a619f2a0123d17882ab33577ac0e.doc Page 6 of 13 Richard Goldman 04/06/18 Lecture Outline - PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance choose an item to uninstall, the newer version is copied to the backup folder and the older version is reinstalled. System File Checker You can use System File Checker to verify the integrity of your operating system files, to restore them if they are corrupted, and to extract compressed files (such as drivers) from your installation disks. You can have System File Checker back up the existing files before restoring the original files. You can also customize search criteria based on folder and file extension. Signature Verification Tool The Signature Verification Tool finds signed and unsigned files on your computer. A signed file is one that has been granted a Microsoft digital signature. The signature states that the file is an unaltered copy of the original file. With the Signature Verification Tool, you can:  View the certificates of signed files to make sure the files have not been tampered with.  Search for signed files in a specific location.  Search for unsigned files in a specific location. Registry Checker Your system always keeps a backup copy of your registry configuration (including user account information, protocol bindings, software program settings, and user preferences). You can use the backup copy if your current registry encounters a problem. Each time you restart your computer, Registry Checker automatically scans your registry. If Registry Checker notices a problem, it automatically replaces the registry with the backup copy. Automatic Skip Driver Agent Automatic Skip Driver (ASD) identifies failures that have caused Windows 98 to stop responding on previous startups and marks them so they are bypassed on subsequent startups. All devices or operations that have failed to start are listed by ASD. You can use ASD to enable any device previously disabled by ASD, and Windows 98 will attempt to use the device on the next startup attempt. If it fails, your computer will stop responding. When you restart your computer again, ASD will prevent the operation from running allowing you to start your computer. Click Details to identify the failing device and display a suggested course of action. Dr. Watson Dr. Watson is a diagnostic tool that takes a snapshot of your system whenever a system fault occurs. It intercepts software faults, identifies the software that faulted, and offers a detailed description of the cause. Dr. Watson can often diagnose the issue and offer a suggested course of action. When you contact Microsoft Technical Support for assistance, Dr. Watson is the tool used to help evaluate the problem. System Configuration Utility System Configuration Utility (Msconfig.exe) automates the routine troubleshooting steps that Microsoft Technical Support engineers use

0a08a619f2a0123d17882ab33577ac0e.doc Page 7 of 13 Richard Goldman 04/06/18 Lecture Outline - PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance when diagnosing issues with the Windows 98 configuration. This tool permits you to modify the system configuration through a process of elimination with check boxes, reducing the risk of typing errors previously associated with Notepad and System Configuration Editor. System Configuration Utility also can create a backup copy of your system files before you begin a troubleshooting session. Create backup copies of your system files to ensure that the modifications made during your troubleshooting session can be reversed Important  Back up your current system configuration files with Msconfig before the troubleshooting session begins to ensure that changes made during this session are reversible. To do so, click the General tab, click Create Backup, and then click OK. Scan Disk You can use ScanDisk to check your hard disk for logical and physical errors. ScanDisk can then repair the damaged areas. Version Conflict Manager During installation of new software, including Windows 98, older versions of software files may be detected and then replaced with the newer versions. The older versions are backed up and saved on your hard disk. If you have conflicts with your system or software files after you install an application, Version Conflict Manager is used to restore a backup file. Version Conflict Manager lists all your backup files, the dates they were backed up, and the version numbers of backup and current files. When you restore a backup file, the current version is then backed up. Both versions remain available. Important  This tool should be used only by someone with advanced system knowledge or while under the direction of a technical support professional. Win NT – Administrative Tools  Backup WindowsNT Backup is a graphical tool for protecting data from accidental loss or hardware and media failures. Backup makes it easy for you to use a tape drive to back up and restore your important files on either the Windows NT file system (NTFS) or file allocation table (FAT) file system.  Disk Administrator Disk Administrator is a graphical tool for managing disks. This tool encompasses and extends the functionality of character-based disk management tools such as MS-DOS fdisk .

The following list provides an overview of some of the things you can do with this graphical tool:

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Create and delete partitions on a hard disk and logical drives within an extended partition.

Format and label volumes. Read status information about disks such as the partition sizes and the amount of free space that is available for creating additional partitions. Read status information about WindowsNT volumes such as the drive-letter assignment, volume label, file system type, and size. Make and change drive-letter assignments for hard disk volumes as well as CD-ROM devices. Create and delete volume sets.

Extend volumes and volume sets. Create and delete stripe sets.

Partitioning the internal hard disk on a new computer is done during initial setup when you load the WindowsNT operating software. Making changes to that disk or partitioning an additional new hard disk is done using Disk Administrator.

Disk Administrator cannot be used to further partition the system partition because it contains files required to operate WindowsNT Workstation.  Event Viewer Event Viewer is the tool you can use to monitor events in your system. You can use Event Viewer to view and manage System, Security, and Application event logs. You can also archive event logs. The event-logging service starts automatically when you run WindowsNT. You can stop event logging with the Services tool in Control Panel.  Performance Monitor Performance Monitor is a graphical tool for measuring the performance of your own computer or other computers on a network. On each computer, you can view the behavior of objects, such as processors, memory, cache, threads, and processes. Each of these objects has an associated set of counters that provide information about device usage, queue lengths, delays, and information used to measure throughput and internal congestion. It provides charting, alerting, and reporting capabilities that reflect both current activity and ongoing logging. You can open, browse, and chart log files later as if they reflected current activity.

The following overview lists how you use Performance Monitor to view the performance of objects:

0a08a619f2a0123d17882ab33577ac0e.doc Page 9 of 13 Richard Goldman 04/06/18 Lecture Outline - PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance Simultaneously view data from any number of computers.

View and dynamically change charts reflecting current activity and showing counter values that are updated at a user-defined frequency. Export data from charts, logs, alert logs, and reports to spreadsheet or database programs for further manipulation and printing. Add system alerts that list events in the Alert Log and notify you either by reverting to Alert view, logging the event in Event Viewer's Application log, or issuing a network alert.

Run a predefined program either every time or only the first time a counter value goes over or under a user-defined value. Create log files containing data about objects on different computers. Append selected sections of existing log files to a single file, forming a long-term archive. View current-activity reports or create reports from existing log files. Save individual chart, alert, log, and report settings, or save the entire workspace setup to reuse when needed.  Remote Access Admin Manage dial-in clients (modem).  User Manager User Manager is a tool you can use to manage security for a computer running WindowsNT Workstation. With User Manager you can:

Create and manage user accounts.

Create and manage groups. Manage the security policies.

 NT Diagnostics

0a08a619f2a0123d17882ab33577ac0e.doc Page 10 of Richard Goldman 04/06/18 13 Lecture Outline - PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance  Ctrl-Alt-Del

Win 2000 – Manage  (Rt-Click on My Computer/Manage)  Console with plug-ins Me – TWEAK UI 1.33 Tweak UI 1.33 64 KB | 1 Min @ 28.8

Read Me First With the Tweak UI 1.33 update, you can adjust your Windows User Interface, including menu speed, window animation, and Microsoft Internet Explorer.

The Microsoft® Windows® Shell Development Team has put together a set of productivity tools called PowerToys. If you're a Windows power-user, go ahead and try them out, but realize these are unsupported tools. Microsoft Technical Support is unable to answer questions about PowerToys.

System Requirements Windows 2000, Windows NT, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 98 or Windows 95.

To install the file, right click the .INF file and click Install. Hand Tools

Solder & De-solder tools

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DMM

Logic Probe – Logic Pulser Loopback

Outlet Testers

Memory Tester

Defrag

Backup

Cleaning

Heating/Cooling

On/Off

Power-Line Noise

RFI

Basic Troubleshooting

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BIOS

PROM CMOS RAM (RTC/NVRAM)

POST Program Time and Date Startup Routine System Configuration Setup Program (System Configuration) Hardware Interface/Drivers

Battery

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