Unit 3 Test: Study Guide

Unit 3 Test: Study Guide Living Organisms

1. What are the building blocks of all living organisms? cells 2. What are the 5 characteristics that makes something living? Made of cells, grow and develop, use energy, respond to their environment, reproduce 3. What is the difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms? Unicellular-simple one celled, multi- more than 1-complex 4. What is the difference between an autotroph and heterotroph? Autotroph-plants make their own energy, heterotroph-get their energy from other organisms-consuming/eating 5. Unicellular Plant/Animal or Both? Drawing of Organism How Do They Move Organism Amoeba animal Pseudopods (false feet) Euglena both Flagellum (also moves food into the mouth) Paramecium animal cillia Volvox plant flagellum

Plant and Animal Cells

6. What does the CELL THEORY state? All living things are made of one or more cells 7. How do plant and animal cells differ? Plant cells have chloroplast (energy from the sun), plant has one large vacuole, plant has a cell wall (protect/gives it structure) 8. H Digests cell parts and food A. Mitochondria D States that all living things are made of cells B. Cell Wall B Protects the cell C. Chloroplast J Packages and secretes proteins D. Cell Theory E Fluid material that contains the organelles E. Cytoplasm I Stores waste and food F. Endoplasmic Reticulum A Supplies energy for the cell G. Nucleus F Transports proteins throughout the cell H. Lysosomes G Controls all the functions of the cells I. Vacuoles C Contains chlorophyll/allows photosynthesis to occur J. Golgi Bodies

Cell Cycle (including Mitosis)

9. How did we use a hamburger to show the stages in the cell cycle? 10. What are the six stages of the CELL CYCLE in order? Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis 11. Stage of What Happens in Each Stage? Diagram Each Stage Mitosis Prophase nucleus PREPARES to split

Metaphase Chromatids line in the MIDDLE

Anaphase Chromatids pull APART

Telophase TWO nuclei Cell begins to split 12. Which is the longest stage in the CELL CYCLE? interphase 13. What is the end result of the cell cycle? Two identical cells (Cytokinesis) 14. What are the FOUR reasons why cells divide? Reproduce, grow, replace, repair

Body Systems

15. What are the four types of tissues? Connective, muscular, epithelial (skin), nervous 16. What is the correct order of the make up living organisms? Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism 17. Which two systems send messages to the rest of the body? nervous/endocrine 18. Which two systems work together to move oxygen throughout the body? circulatory/respiratory 19. What is the major organ of both the circulatory and muscular system? heart 20. Which two systems move the body? Muscular/skeletal 21. Which organs are in the digestive system? Small intestine, stomach, esophagus 22. Which organ digests the most materials? Small intestine 23. What is homeostasis and how does it relate to the body? Balance in the body (ex. Sweat allows body to cool and maintain its temperature) 24. Which is the largest organ of your body? Skin (liver is the biggest IN your body) 25. Body System Function Major Organs Circulatory Moves blood/oxygen throughout the body Heart, veins/arteries Respiratory Brings oxygen into the body/CO2 is released trachea/lungs Digestive Breaks down food into nutrients Mouth, Esophagus,Stomach, Small and Large Intestine Skeletal Supports; allows movement; protects Bones Muscular Moves body parts Muscles Endocrine Controls Growth Glands Integumentary Protects and regulates body temperature Skin, Nails, Hair Immune Defends disease White Blood Cells and Lymph Nodes Excretory Removes Waste Kidney and Bladder Nervous Controls Body Functions Brain and Spinal Cord