Appendix A. a List of Papers from Which Data Are Extracted for This Synthesis

Appendix A. A list of papers from which data are extracted for this synthesis.

Aarnio T, Martikainen PJ (1995) Mineralization of C and N and nitrification in scots pine forest soil treated with nitrogen fertilizers containing different proportions of urea and its slow- releasing derivative, ureaformaldehyde. Soil Biol Biochem 27:1325-1331. Acosta-Martinez V, Reicher Z, Bischoff M, Turco RF (1999) The role of tree leaf mulch and nitrogen fertilizer on turfgrass soil quality. Biol Fert Soils 29:55-61. Adams AB, Harrison RB, Sletten RS, Strahm BD, Turnblom EC, Jensen CM (2005) Nitrogen- fertilization impacts on carbon sequestration and flux in managed coastal Douglas-fir stands of the Pacific Northwest. Forest Ecol Manag 220:313-325. Adeboye MKA, Iwuafor ENO, Agbenin JO (2006) The effects of crop rotation and nitrogen fertilization on soil chemical and microbial properties in a Guinea savanna Alfisol of Nigeria. Plant Soil 281:97-107. Ajwa HA, Dell CJ, Rice CW (1999) Changes in enzyme activities and microbial biomass of tallgrass prairie soil as related to burning and nitrogen fertilization. Soil Biol Biochem 31:769-777. Allard V, Robin C, Newton PCD, Lieffering M, Soussana JF (2006) Short and long-term effects of elevated CO2 on Lolium perenne rhizodeposition and its consequences on soil organic matter turnover and plant N yield. Soil Biol Biochem 38:1178-1187.

Arnone III JA (1999) Symbiotic N2 fixation in a high Alpine grassland: effects of four growing

seasons of elevated CO2. Funct Ecol 13:383-387. Baer SG, Blair JM (2008) Grassland establishment under varying resource availability: A test of positive and negative feedback. Ecology 89:1859-1871. Balik J, Cerny J, Tlustos P, Zitkova M (2003) Nitrogen balance and mineral nitrogen content in the soil in a long experiment with maize under different systems of N fertilization. Plant Cell Environ 49:554-559. Bennett LT, Adams MA (2001) Response of a perennial grassland to nitrogen and phosphorus additions in sub-tropical, semi-arid Australia. J Arid Environ 48, 289-308. Biederbeck VO, Campbell CA, Ukrainetz H, Curtin D, Bouman OT (1996) Soil microbial and biochemical properties after ten years of fertilization with urea and anhydrous ammonia. Can J Soil Sci 76:7-14. Bradley K, Drijber RA, Knops J (2006) Increased N availability in grassland soils modifies their microbial communities and decreases the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Soil Biol Biochem 38:1583-1595.

1 Brenner R, Boone RD, Ruess RW (2005) Nitrogen additions to pristine, high-latitude, forest ecosystems: consequences for soil nitrogen transformations and retention in mid and late succession. Biogeochemistry 72:257-282. Carpenter-Boggs L, Pikul JL, Vigil MF, Riedell WE (2000) Soil nitrogen mineralization influenced by crop rotation and nitrogen fertilization. Soil Sci Soc Am J 64:2038-2045. Chen CR, Xu ZH, Hughes JM (2002) Effects of nitrogen fertilization on soil nitrogen pools and microbial properties in a hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) plantation in southeast Queensland, Australia. Biol Fert Soils 36:276-283. Choi WJ, Chang SX, Allen HL, Kelting DL, Ro HM (2005) Irrigation and fertilization effects on foliar and soil carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in a loblolly pine stand. Forest Ecol Manag 213:90-101. Clapp CE, Allmaras RR, Layese MF, Linden DR, Dowdy RH (2000) Soil organic carbon and C- 13 abundance as related to tillage, crop residue, and nitrogen fertilization under continuous corn management in Minnesota. Soil Till Res 55:127-142. Corre MD, Beese FO, Brumme R (2003) Soil nitrogen cycle in high nitrogen deposition forest: Changes under nitrogen saturation and liming. Ecol Appl 13:287-298.

Curtis PS, Balduman LM, Drake BG, Whigham DF (1990) Elevated atmospheric CO2 effects on belowground processes in C3 and C4 estuarine marsh communities. Ecology 71:2001- 2006. Daepp M, Nösberger J, Lüscher A (2001) Nitrogen fertilization and developmental stage alter the

response of Lolium perenne to elevated CO2. New Phytol 150:347-358. Daepp M, Suter D, Almeida JPF, Isopp H, Hartwig UA, Frehner M, Blum H, Nösberger

J, Lüscher A (2000) Yield response of Lolium perenne swards to free air CO2 enrichment increased over six years in a high N input system on fertile soil. Global Change Biol 6:805- 816.

Dakora FD, Drake BG (2000) Elevated CO2 stimulates associative N2 fixation in a C3 plant of the Chesapeake Bay wetland. Plant Cell Environ 23:943-953. D'Antonio CM, Mack MC (2006) Nutrient limitation in a fire-derived, nitrogen-rich Hawaiian grassland. Biotropica 38:458-467. Dick RP, Christ RA (1995) Effects of long-term residue management and nitrogen fertilization on availability and profile distribution of nitrogen. Soil Sci 159:402-408. Diekow J, Mielniczuk J, Knicker H, Bayer C, Dick DP, Kogel-Knabner I (2005) Soil C and N stocks as affected by cropping systems and nitrogen fertilization in a southern Brazil Acrisol managed under no-tillage for 17 years. Soil Till Res 81:87-95.

2 Dijkstra FA, Hobbie SE, Reich PB, Knops JMH (2005) Divergent effects of elevated CO2, N fertilizattion, and plant diversity on soil C and N dynamics in a grassland field experiment. Plant Soil 272:41-52. Ding WX, Cai Y, Cai ZC, Yagi K, Zheng XH (2007) Soil respiration under maize crops: Effects of water, temperature, and nitrogen fertilization. Soil Sci Soc Am J 71:944-951. Dodor DE, Tabatabai MA (2002) Effects of cropping systems and microbial biomass on arylamidase activity in soils. Biol Fert Soils 35:253-261. Elharis MK, Cochran VL, Elliott LF, Bezdicek DF (1983) Effect of tillage, cropping, and fertilizer management on soil nitrogen mineralization potential. Soil Sci Soc Am J 47:1157- 1161. Ercoli L, Mariotti M, Masoni A, Bonari E (1999) Effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on biomass yield and efficiency of energy use in crop production of Miscanthus. Field Crops Res 63:3-11. Erickson H, Keller M, Davidson EA (2001) Nitrogen oxide fluxes and nitrogen cycling during postagricultural succession and forest fertilization in the humid tropics. Ecosystems 4:67- 84. Fan TL, Stewart BA, Yong W, Luo JJ, Zhou GY (2005) Long-term fertilization effects on grain yield, water-use efficiency and soil fertility in the dryland of Loess Plateau in China. Agr Ecosyst Environ 106:313-329. Fang QX, Yu Q, Wang EL, Chen YH, Zhang GL, Wang J, Li LH (2006) Soil nitrate accumulation, leaching and crop nitrogen use as influenced by fertilization and irrigation in an intensive wheat-maize double cropping system in the North China Plain. Plant Soil 284:335-350. Finzi AC, DeLucia EH, Hamilton JG, Richter DD, Schlesinger WH (2002) The nitrogen budget

of a pine forest under free air CO2 enrichment. Oecologia 132:567-578. Fisk MC, Schmidt SK (1996) Microbial responses to nitrogen additions in alpine tundra soil. Soil Biol Biochem 28:751-755. Fliessbach A, Oberholzer HR, Gunst L, Mader P (2007) Soil organic matter and biological soil quality indicators after 21 years of organic and conventional farming. Agr Ecosyst Eviron 118:273-284. Foereid B, Barthram GT, Marriott CA (2007) The CENTURY model failed to simulate soil organic matter development in an acidic grassland. Nutr Cycl Agroecosys 78:143-153. Follett RF, Castellanos JZ, Buenger ED (2005) Carbon dynamics and sequestration in an irrigated Vertisol in Central Mexico. Soil Till Res 83:148-158. Fox TR (2004) Nitrogen mineralization following fertilization of Douglas-fir forests with urea in western Washington. Soil Sci Soc Am J 68:1720-1728.

3 Gallo ME, Lauber CL, Cabaniss SE, Waldrop MP, Sinsabaugh RL, Zak DR (2005) Soil organic matter and litter chemistry response to experimental N deposition in northern temperate deciduous forest ecosystems. Global Change Biol 11:1514-1521. Gill RA, Polley HW, Johnson HB, Anderson LJ, Maherali H, Jackson RB (2002) Nonlinear

grassland responses to past and future atmospheric CO2. Nature 417:279-282. Gnankambary Z, Stedt U, Nyberg G, Hien V, Malmer A (2008) Nitrogen and phosphorus limitation of soil microbial respiration in two tropical agroforestry parklands in the south- Sudanese zone of Burkina Faso: The effects of tree canopy and fertilization. Soil Biol Biochem 40:350-359. Gollany HT, Allmaras RR, Copeland SM, Albrecht SL, Douglas CL (2006) Incorporated source carbon and nitrogen fertilization effects on carbon storage and soluble silica in a haploxeroll. Soil Sci 171:585-597. Groenigen KJV, Harris D, Horwath W, Hartwig UA, Kessel CV (2002) Linking sequestration of

13C and 15N in aggregates in a pasture soil following 8 years of elevated atmospheric CO2. Global Change Biol 8:1094-1108. Grulke NE, Dobrowolski W, Mingus P, Fenn ME (2005) California black oak response to nitrogen amendment at a high O-3, nitrogen-saturated site. Environ Pollut 137:536-545. Gurlevik N, Kelting DL, Allen HL (2004) Nitrogen mineralization following vegetation control and fertilization in a 14-year-old loblolly pine plantation. Soil Sci Soc Am J 68:272-281. Gusewell S, Koerselman W, Verhoeven JTA (2002) Time-dependent effects of fertilization on plant biomass in floating fens. J Veg Sci 13:705-718. Halvorson AD, Reule CA, Follett RF (1999) Nitrogen fertilization effects on soil carbon and nitrogen in a dryland cropping system. Soil Sci Soc Am J 63:912-917. Hartwig UA, Lüscher A, Daepp M, Blum H, Soussana JF, Nösberger J (2000) Due to symbiotic

N2 fixation, five years of elevated atmospheric pCO2 had no effect on the N concentration of plant litter in fertile, mixed grassland. Plant Soil 224:43-50. Hartwig UA, Lüscher A, Nösberger J, Kessel CV (2002) Nitrogen 15 budget in model ecosystems of white clover and perennial ryegrass exposed for four years at elevated

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4 Heijmans MMPD, Klees H, Berendse F (2002) Competition between Sphagnum magellanicum

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Johnson DW, Cheng W, Ball JT (2000) Effects of [CO2] and nitrogen fertilization on soils planted with ponderosa pine. Plant Soil 224:99-113.

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