Chapter 7: the Jeffersonian Era

Chapter 7: The Jeffersonian Era I. The Rise of Cultural Nationalism A. Patterns of Education 1. Importance of a Virtuous Citizenry 2. Private Schooling 3. New Educational Opportunities for Women 4. Indian Education 5. Higher Education B. Medicine and Science 1. Benjamin Rush 2. Decline of Midwifery C. Cultural Aspirations in the New Nation 1. Establishment of a National Culture 2. Noah Webster D. Religious Skepticism 1. Deism E. The Second Great Awakening— What were the origins of the Second Great Awakening? What were some denominations that contributed to the revival? 1. Cane Ridge 2. Message of the Great Awakening—What was the new, basic message of the Great Awakening? How did women play an important role in churches? 3. African Americans and the Revivals—How did African Americans react to the Awakening? 4. Indians and the Second Great Awakening—What happened to the Indians after the Revolution? 5. Freethinkers—What happened to the “freethinkers”? “BIG PICTURE” QUESTIONS FOR SECTION II: 1) What were some major technological innovations at this time, and how did they affect society? II. Stirrings of Industrialism A. Technology in America 1. Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin--What did Whitney revolutionize? Why did African American slavery regain its importance? 2. The Cotton Gin’s Impact on the North—What wedged the North and the South? How did Whitney change warfare? B. Transportation Innovations 1. Rapid Growth of American Shipping 2. Robert Fulton’s Steamboat 3. The Turnpike Era C. The Rising Cities 1. Urban Life “BIG PICTURE” QUESTIONS FOR SECTION III: 1) How did Thomas Jefferson view the proper role of the national government and his job as president? How did this view lead to conflict with other branches of government? III. Jefferson the President A. The Federal City and the “People’s President” 1. The New Capital City—How did Jefferson appeal to Americans? 2. Jefferson the Politician—How did he use his power of appointment? Who won the election of 1804? B. Dollars and Ships 1. Limiting the Federal Government—What did Jefferson reverse from Hamilton’s presidency? How did he change the armed forces? 2. Challenging the Barbary Pirates C. Conflict with the Courts— 1. Judicial Review— What is judicial review? What happened in 1803? 2. Marbury v. Madison—Why was Marbury v. Madison important? 3. John Marshall—Who was John Marshall? Why was he a dominant figure? 4. Impeachment of Samuel Chase “BIG PICTURE” QUESTIONS FOR SECTION IV: 1) How did the United States increase in size, and what conflicts arose because of it? IV. Doubling the National Domain A. Jefferson and Napoleon—To what European power did the territory west to the Mississippi “belong” prior to 1800? What did Napoleon do to acquire it? What did Napoleon hope for? 1. Toussaint L’Ouverture—Who was L’Ouverture and why was he important? How did Spain break the Pinckney Treaty of 1795? What did Jefferson want Robert Livingston to do? 2. Napoleon’s Offer—Why did Napoleon accept Livingston’s proposal? B. The Louisiana Purchase—What happened on April 30, 1803? What were the terms of the treaty? 1. Jefferson’s Quandary—How did the president react to the treaty? C. Lewis and Clark Explore the West—Who was a part of the expedition west? What did they do? 1. Zebulon Pike D. The Burr Conspiracy 1. Essex Junto—Who was the Essex Junto and what had they concluded? 2. Hamilton and Burr—How did the Federalists turn to? What happened between Hamilton and Burr? What was the outcome? What happened to Burr? “BIG PICTURE” QUESTIONS FOR SECTION V: 1) How did the United States under Jefferson react to conflict in Europe? How did the United States react to conflict with Native Americans? V. Expansion and War—What two conflicts took shape at the end of Jefferson’s presidency? A. Conflict on the Seas—What was the Continental System? How did America react? B. Impressment—What was impressment? What did the British claim the right to do? 1. Chesapeake- Leopard Incident C. “Peaceable Coercion” 1. The Embargo—What was the Embargo? Who became president in 1808? 2. Non- Intercourse Act—What was the Non-Intercourse Act? D. The “Indian Problem” and the British 1. William Henry Harrison? 2. Jefferson’s Offer—What were the two choices Jefferson offered to the Native Americans? How did Harrison conclude the treaties? What two factors allowed the Indians to resist white Americans? E. Tecumseh and the Prophet 1. The Prophet’s Message—Who was the Prophet and why is he important? 2. Tecumseh’s Strategy—Who was Tecumseh and what made him an influential leader? 3. Battle of Tippecanoe—What happened at the Battle of Tippecanoe? F. Florida and War Fever—Why was the territory of Spanish Florida a threat to whites Americans in the south? What happened at Baton Rouge? 1. War Hawks—Who were the “war hawks”? Who was Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun? “BIG PICTURE” QUESTIONS FOR SECTION VI: 1) How did the War of 1812 unfold, and what were the consequences of the war? VI. The War of 1812 A. Battles with the Tribes 1. Early Defeats—Where did things go well for the Americans against the British? 2. Put-In Bay—Who was Andrew Jackson and what did he do? B. Battles with the British 1. The British Invasion—What did the British do after the surrender of Napoleon? What did they do to Washington, D.C.? What happened through the night of September 13th? 2. Battle of New Orleans—Who was waiting for the British in New Orleans? How did the battle end? C. The Revolt of New England—Who was Daniel Webster? In what region did the Federalists still have a majority? 1. Hartford Convention—What was the purpose of the Hartford Convention? D. The Peace Settlement 1. Treaty of Ghent—What was the Treaty of Ghent, and what were its effects? 2. Rush-Bagot Agreement