Chapter 14 Section 5 Notes

Name:______Date:______

Chapter 14 Section 5 Notes Revolution and Nationalism 1900-1939

Directions: Read and take notes on the following information. Be sure to focus on the main idea below. Some things are already filled in for you. (towards the end of the notes)

Focus: How did two revolutions and a civil war bring about Communist control of Russia?

The March Revolution ends Tsarism

 Reasons for revolution-

Impact of WWI-

 Problems for the soldiers

 Resources strained  Czar’s action on the war front

Tsar steps down

 Why did the Tsar abdicate?

 Type of government that took over and changes that were made

Lenin and the Bolsheviks

 Reason for Lenin’s hate of Tsar-

 Reason for Lenin’s exile-

 Mistakes the provisional government made allowing for Lenin’s takeover-

Bolshevik Takeover

 Red Guards (who are they)-

 Seizure of the government-

 Seizure of cities-  Seizure of private land and industries-

Russia Plunges into Civil War

 Signing of Brest-Litovsk treaty with Germany-gets Russia out of WWI

 Civil war between Red Army (working for Bolshevik takeover) and White Army

 White Army-tsarist officers, Mensheviks (more moderate socialists), and anyone else who hated the Bolsheviks.

 Allied countries like France, Britain and the US sent forces to help the White Army but they failed and only made many Russians angry by getting involved.

 Brutality erupts-

War under Communism

 Examples of terror by the Red Army-

 Cheka-

 Commissars-

 Role of Trotsky in the Red Army

Building of Communism and the Soviet Union

 Russia faced chaos from WWI and Civil War

 Many were dying of disease and hunger

 Lenin had to rebuild the state and solve problems

New Government-Russian Empire becomes Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)

 Legislature established  Voting 18 and older

 Communist party had supreme power

 Changed from war communism to New Economic Policy which was less strict than war communism

 NEP allowed for small business, private profit and allowance to sell surplus crops

 Changes made enough people happy that they accepted the new government.

*Pure communism will resume after Lenin dies and Joseph Stalin takes over in 1924.*