Name: ______Per. ___ Date: ______Chapter 14 Lesson 3 – Southern Cotton Kingdom (pg. 387-390) It matters because…. The demand for cotton deepened the white South’s commitment to slavery and a slave-based economy. Rise of the Cotton Kingdom (pg. 387) How were the economies of the South and North different? Answer: The South’s economy was based almost entirely on ______(agriculture) while… The North’s economy was based almost entirely on ______(manufacturing). - By the year 1850, the South had changed. The population had spread inland into the “Deep South”. This area included Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. - The economy of the South was doing very well. However, the economy depended heavily on slavery (using slaves to do the work on the fields and plantations in the South) - Slavery was increasing in the South (especially after Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin machine), while it was basically disappearing in the North. Cotton Is King (pg. 387-388) - Southern planters grew mainly rice, indigo, and tobacco in colonial times. This changed after the Revolutionary War. - European mills now wanted Southern cotton. Cotton was becoming very popular in the South and there was a high demand for it. - Raising a crop of cotton took a large amount of ______and ______. - With Eli Whitney’s invention of the Cotton Gin Machine in 1793, the seeds were quickly and easily removed from the cotton fibers. - The cotton gin machine increased productivity – the amount a worker can produce in a given amount of time. - The cotton gin machine helped workers process 50 times more cotton each day than they could by hand. - Because southern plantation owners relied on enslaved workers (slaves) to plant and pick their cotton, the demand/need for slave labor increased. - Due to this need for more slaves, ______spread across a larger area of the South. - The sale (selling of Africans into slavery) of enslaved Africans became a big and profitable($) business. - The domestic slave trade is the term used to describe the trade of enslaved people among states of the United States. What does the phrase, “Cotton Is King” mean? (please interpret and explain) Answer: ______

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______Look at the pie graphs on the bottom of page 389 regarding Cotton Production As A Percentage of U.S. Exports. Answer the following questions: [ Cotton’s role in the economy of the South-and the nation-increased in the 1800’s] 1. What change do you notice in cotton’s share of U.S. exports between the year 1800 to 1860? ______

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2. Determining Cause and Effect: How do you think increases in productivity affected the demand for slave labor? (please explain). ______

______Southern Industry (pg. 389) - Industry developed more slowly in the South than in the North. (Why?) Answer: The cotton boom made southerners a lot of money. Building new industry is very costly. Planters would have to sell slaves or land to raise the money needed to build factories. Southerners did not want to do this. Also, the demand for manufactured goods in the South was small. Slaves did not have money to buy goods and they made up a large part of the population. Some white Southerners simply did not want industry.