Body Systems Notes

Skeletal System  What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system? 1. 3. 5. 2. 4.  Label the following bones on the body: Phalanges, metatarsals, tarsals, tibia, fibula, patella, femur, pelvis, spinal column, ribs, sternum, clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, mandible, skull

 Why does it hurt so much to crack your funny bone?

 Explain the function of Cartilage: Ligaments:

 What is bone marrow?

 List 4 ways to keep your skeletal system healthy. 1. 3. 2. 4.

Muscular System  What is the function of the muscular system?

 Label following major muscles groups of the body: trapezius, deltoid, pectoralis, biceps, triceps, latissimus, obliques, abdominals, gluteus maximus, hamstring, quadriceps, calf

 Describe the different types of muscle tissue and the function of each. 1.______Function:______2.______Function:______3.______Function:______

 Explain what involuntary and voluntary muscles do and give an example of each. Voluntary:______Example:______

Involuntary:______Example:______

 How do skeletal muscles work?  How many muscles are in your body?

 List 7 ways to keep your muscular systems healthy. 1. 5. 2. 6. 3. 7. 4.

Nervous System  What are the two divisions of the nervous system? What are their functions? 1.______Function:______2.______Function:______ What body parts make up the two divisions of the nervous system? CNS: PNS:

 What are three parts of the brain? What do these parts control?

 Explain what the spinal cord does.

 What are six ways to keep your nervous system healthy?

Digestive System  What is the function of the digestive system?

 Label the following body parts: mouth, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, stomach, large intestine (colon), small intestine, appendix, rectum, anus

 Explain the process of aborption.

 Why do people “pass gas” and what causes its odor?

 If you stand on your head, can you still digest food? Explain why.

 What is the function of the liver?  Explain the function of the epiglottis.

 List three ways to keep the digestive system healthy?

Cardiovascular System  What is the function of the cardiovascular system?

 Label the following part of the heart: aorta, right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, septum, pulmonary artery

 What are the three types of blood vessels?

 Track the path of blood through the body.

 Explain the difference between arteries and veins.

 What is blood made of?

 How is the cardiovascular system intertwined with the respiratory system?

 What is blood pressure?

 What are 6 ways to keep your cardiovascular system healthy? 1. 4. 2. 5. 3. 6.

Urinary/Excretory System  What is the function of the urinary/excretory system?

 What is the function of the kidneys?

 Label the following body parts: kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra

 How can high blood pressure affect the urinary system? Respiratory System  What is the function of the respiratory system?

 Label the following body parts: mouth, nose, epiglottis, larynx, trachea, lung, bronchi, bronchiole, alveoli

 How is the respiratory system intertwined with the cardiovascular system?

 What are cilia? What body parts are they located in?

 Explain the gas exchange in alveoli.

 Is it better to breathe through your nose or mouth? Explain.

 List 7 ways to keep your respiratory system healthy. 1. 5. 2. 6. 3. 7. 4.

Immune System  What is the function of the immune system?

 What organs are involved in immune system?

 What does the spleen do?

 List four ways to keep your immune system healthy. 1. 3. 2. 4. Endocrine System  What is the function of the hormonal system?

 Label the following glands: hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testicles

 What does the pituitary gland do?

 What hormones do the thyroid, pancreas, adrenal, ovaries, and testes secret? What is the function of each hormone?

Integumentary System  What is the function of the integumentary system?

 List the body parts that make up the integumentary system.

 What is the largest organ of the body?

 What is the function of the skin?

 What are two functions of sweat glands?

 What is a wart? What causes them? How is it treated?

 What causes acne?

 What is the difference between a whitehead and blackhead?

 Why is hair important?

 What are 5 ways to keep your integumentary system healthy?