Roots Roots Perform Several Important Functions. They Are

Topic #2 – Structure & Adaptation pg. 104-114

Roots – Roots perform several important functions. They are:

1. Please sketch Fig. 2.12 & 2.13 from pg. 105 below and explain how they are different.

Taproot System Fibrous Root System

2. Root Hairs are______. Most trees & large desert plant grow ______that reach deep into the ground, as do ______. P.105

3. Root Crops – When you eat certain vegetables, like ______, ______, ______, ______& ______you are eating a ROOT. P.106

4. Diffusion & Osmosis

Diffusion & Osmosis are two key processes that allow roots to ______water and ______substances such as minerals from the soil.

Diffusion is

An example of diffusion is ______. P.107

5. Differentially Permeable means

6. Osmosis is the movement or ______of ______through differentially permeable membranes. An example of osmosis is ______. Stems have 3 main functions pg. 108-109

7. Please Sketch & label Fig 2.18 on p. 108 - the layers of a stem and give a BRIEF description of what layer each does.

Name Function______

8. There are many types of stems – please list some from p. 109 – see Fig 2.19 & 2.20

Leaves – are green because they contain ______. Leaves use this chlorophyll to help them use the sun’s energy and make their own food. This process is called ______.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) enters the leaves through tiny holes called ______. They are usually located on the bottom side of a leaf. P.110

Plants also breathe, just like other living organisms because they need oxygen (O2). At night when photosynthesis does not occur because there is no ______shinning, plants respirate. Respiration is when plants take in ______and let out ______through the stoma. Guard cells help control the ______of each opening.

As we learned in Topic 1 - Plants also sweat just like humans. When plants lose water through evaporation, this process is called ______. P.111

* Complete Topic 2 Review pg. 114 #3-5. Be sure answer in full.