Conservation Management Zones of Australia - South Eastern Australia Mixed Temperate Forests

Conservation Management Zones of Australia South Eastern Australia Mixed Temperate Forests Woodlands and Grasslands

Prepared by the Department of the Environment ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This project and associated products are the result of a collaboration between the Biodiversity Conservation Division and the Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN). Invaluable input, advice and support were provided by staff and leading researchers from across the Department of the Environment (DotE), Department of Agriculture (DoA), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), and the academic community. We would particularly like to thank staff within the Wildlife, Heritage and Marine Division, Parks Australia and the Environment Assessment and Compliance Division of DotE, Nyree Stenekes and Robert Kancans (ABARES), Sue McIntyre (CSIRO), Richard Hobbs (University of Western Australia), Michael Hutchinson (ANU); David Lindenmayer and Emma Burns (ANU); and Gilly Llewellyn, Martin Taylor and other staff from the World Wildlife Fund for their generosity and advice. Special thanks to CSIRO staff Kristen Williams and Simon Ferrier whose modelling of biodiversity patterns enabled identification of the Conservation Management Zones of Australia. © Commonwealth of Australia, 2015. The Conservation Management Zones of Australia profile is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons By Attribution 3.0 Australia licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people. For licence conditions see here. Contents 1: Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country

The Australian Government acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to Elders past and present of our nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. We honour the deep spiritual, cultural and customary connections of Traditional Owners to the Australian landscape, including Australia’s waterways, land and sea country. 2: Introduction The 23 Conservation Management Zones of Australia are geographic areas, classified according to their ecological and threat characteristics. The zones are also aligned with the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation of Australia. The Conservation Management Zones provide a way of understanding Australia’s natural environment that will assist in long-term conservation planning and help the Australian Government to better design, deliver and report on Natural Resource Management (NRM) investments, including ensuring alignment of national NRM priorities with local action. The Conservation Management Zones also provide a filter through which to make national environmental and socio-economic data more accessible and comprehensible, and a framework for gathering on-ground knowledge and expertise about the environment. This will improve information flow to the Australian Government about regional NRM requirements, best practice management, emerging NRM issues and knowledge gaps. The Conservation Management Zones do not represent any change to existing administrative boundaries or governance structures, but aim to support the NRM and wider community to cooperatively manage environmental assets across boundaries, where they share common threats, ecological characteristics and stakeholders. Each Conservation Management Zone profile contains a standard suite of nationally available ecological and socio- economic information. We hope that this information will enable Australians of all ages and backgrounds to engage with, understand and appreciate Australian landscapes, and support all Australians to manage our natural resources more effectively. The profile information provides an indicative, high-level stock-take of the environmental and socio-economic landscape and it is not intended to be comprehensive. It should also be noted that, at present, the profiles contain only limited information on aquatic ecosystems, coastal assets and Indigenous land management practices. In future, consultation and comprehensive literature reviews will enable us to provide more complete information. . 3: Zone at a glance

Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data Major cities and towns Population Albury – Wodonga 84,982 Ballarat 95,021 Bathurst 34,124 Bendigo 88,668 Canberra-Queenbeyan 411,609 Cowra-Young-Yass 22,204 Geelong 179,042 Goulburn 21,460 Melbourne 4,246,345 Melton 45,688 NSW South Coast 39,178 Orange 34,996 Pakenham 32,916 Sale 12,764 Sunbury 33,045 Traralgon-Morwell 40,602 Wagga Wagga 53,832 Warranambool 33,024 Warragul-Drouin 31,280

Natural Resource Management (NRM) regions Murray Local Land Services (LLS) NSW Riverina LLS NSW South East LLS NSW Corangamite Catchment Management Authority (CMA) VIC East Gippsland CMA VIC Glenelg-Hopkins CMA VIC Goulburn-Broken CMA VIC North Central CMA VIC North East CMA VIC Port Philip and Westernport CMA VIC West Gippsland CMA VIC

Top five agricultural commodities Value (millions) Dairy $1,888 Beef $1,461 Lamb $956 Vegetables for consumption $728 Wool $713 Total value of agricultural commodities (including other commodities not $8,714 listed here)

Climate characteristics* Mean annual temperature 12.7 Celsius Mean Maximum of the Hottest Month 26.2 Celsius Mean Minimum of the Coldest Month 1.8 Celsius Mean Annual Rainfall 797.9 mm Dominant rainfall season Winter

* The figures are interpolated 75-year means (1921 to 1995) representing the period prior to the onset of rapid climatic warming. Cited in: Williams KJ, Belbin L, Austin MP, Stein J, Ferrier S (2012) Which environmental variables should I use in my biodiversity model? International Journal of Geographic Information Sciences 26(11), 2009–2047. (Data derived from Australian Climate surfaces version 2.1 for the ANUCLIM-BIOCLIM package).

For future climate projections please refer to: http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/

Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

Based on data from the National Native Title Register; Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database (CAPAD); National Vegetation Information System (NVIS); Species’ Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT). 4: Population characteristics

Population Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data Languages spoken at home English 67.13% Other languages 28.01% Not stated 4.66%

Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

Education Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data 5: Employment, volunteering and incomes

Employment Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data Volunteering

Income

Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data 6: Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice Australian farmers manage over 60% of the Australian continent and shoulder much of the burden of responsibility for maintaining and protecting Australia’s natural resource wealth. The information contained in this profile aims to assist the wider community, non-governmental organisations and government agencies to support Australia’s key environmental custodians.

Agricultural commodity values

Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice

* Data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2012 Land Management Practices Survey (LaMPS) 2012. LaMPS collected land practices information from approximately 50,000 farm businesses across Australia. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units and Australian Agricultural Environment units. The % figures presented here are indicative only. For more information on LaMPS please refer to: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/4630.0 ** The sample for the Drivers of Practice Change 2012 survey consisted of a random subsample of 1228 broadacre farm managers from the Australian Agricultural and Grazing Industries Survey (AAGIS) frame. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units. For this reason, the figures presented here are indicative only.

^ This chart indicates the sources of advice utilised for native vegetation management from respondents who identified they sought advice.

For more information please refer to http://www.daff.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/forestry/domestic- forestry/prep-for-future/drivers- 7: Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas

Land tenure data based on Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) categorisation of Public Sector Mapping Authority (PSMA) State Tenure 2012; Land use mapping based on Australian Collaborative Land Use and Management Program (ACLUMP) 2012. For more information on Australian land use and management information and classification please refer to: http://www.daff.gov.au/ABARES/aclump/ Indigenous Land Councils New South Wales Aboriginal Land Council: www.alc.org.au Native Title Services Victoria: http://www.ntsv.com.au

Native Title and Traditional Owners Traditional Owners Registered Native Title Body Corporate Hectares % of Gunai/Kurnai People Gunaikurnai Land & Waters Aboriginal Corporation 1,159,376 5.04zone RNTBC Gunditjmara People Gunditj Mirring Traditional Owners 63,296 0.28 Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC Wotjobaluk People Barengi Gadjin Land Council Aboriginal Corporation 36,062 0.16 RNTBC Gunditjmara and Eastern Gunditj Mirring Traditional Owners Aboriginal 3,915 0.02 Maar peoples Corporation RNTBC, Eastern Maar Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC The Native Title Tribunal Register, October 2013.For more information please refer to: http://www.nntt.gov.au/Pages/Searchportal.aspx Local Government Areas Albury City Council NSW Auburn City Council NSW Bankstown City Council NSW Bathurst Regional Council NSW Bega Valley Shire Council NSW Blacktown City Council NSW Blayney Shire Council NSW Blue Mountains City Council NSW Bombala Council NSW Boorowa Council NSW Cabonne Shire Council NSW Camden Council NSW Campbelltown City Council NSW Cooma-Monaro Council NSW Cowra Shire Council NSW Dubbo City Council NSW Eurobodalla Shire Council NSW Forbes Shire Council NSW Goulburn Mulwaree Council NSW Greater Hume Shire Council NSW Gundagai Shire Council NSW Harden Shire Council NSW Hawkesbury City Council NSW Junee Shire Council NSW Lithgow City Council NSW Lockhart Shire Council NSW Mid-Western Regional Council NSW Narromine Shire Council NSW Oberon Council NSW Orange City Council NSW Palerang Council NSW Parkes Shire Council NSW Penrith City Council NSW Queanbeyan City Council NSW Shoalhaven City Council NSW Snowy River Shire Council NSW Tumbarumba Shire Council NSW Tumut Council NSW Upper Lachlan Shire Council NSW Wagga Wagga City Council NSW Warrumbungle Shire Council NSW Weddin Shire Council NSW Wellington Council NSW Wingecarribee Shire Council NSW Wollondilly Shire Council NSW Yass Valley Council NSW Young Shire Council NSW Alpine Shire VIC Ararat Rural City VIC Ballarat City VIC Banyule City VIC Bass Coast Shire VIC Baw Baw Shire VIC Bayside City VIC Benalla Rural City VIC Boroondara City VIC Brimbank City VIC Buloke Shire VIC Campaspe Shire VIC Cardinia Shire VIC Casey City VIC Central Goldfields Shire VIC Colac Otway Shire VIC Corangamite Shire VIC Darebin City VIC East Gippsland Shire VIC Frankston City VIC French-Elizabeth-Sandstone Islands (Uninc) VIC Gabo Island (Unincorporated) VIC Glen Eira City VIC Glenelg Shire VIC Golden Plains Shire VIC Greater Bendigo City VIC Greater Dandenong City VIC Greater Geelong City VIC Greater Shepparton City VIC Hepburn Shire VIC Hobsons Bay City VIC Horsham Rural City VIC Hume City VIC Indigo Shire VIC Kingston City VIC Knox City VIC Latrobe City VIC Loddon Shire VIC Macedon Ranges Shire VIC Manningham City VIC Mansfield Shire VIC Maribyrnong City VIC Maroondah City VIC Melbourne City VIC Melton City VIC Mitchell Shire VIC Moira Shire VIC Monash City VIC Moonee Valley City VIC Moorabool Shire VIC Moreland City VIC Mornington Peninsula Shire VIC Mount Alexander Shire VIC Mount Baw Baw Alpine Resort (Unincorporated) VIC Mount Buller Alpine Resort (Unincorporated) VIC Mount Stirling Alpine Resort (Unincorporated) VIC Moyne Shire VIC Murrindindi Shire VIC Nillumbik Shire VIC Northern Grampians Shire VIC Port Phillip City VIC Pyrenees Shire VIC Queenscliffe Borough VIC South Gippsland Shire VIC Southern Grampians Shire VIC Stonnington City VIC Strathbogie Shire VIC Surf Coast Shire VIC Towong Shire VIC Wangaratta Rural City VIC Warrnambool City VIC Wellington Shire VIC West Wimmera Shire VIC Whitehorse City VIC Whittlesea City VIC Wodonga City VIC Wyndham City VIC Yarra City VIC Yarra Ranges Shire VIC 8: Zone vegetation characteristics

The National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) framework is a nationally consistent vegetation classification system based on vegetation data collected by states and territories. It provides information on the extent and distribution of vegetation types across the Australian landscape. Two products are used to provide the Zone Vegetation Characteristics graph. A modelled pre-European vegetation distribution (pre-1750), and extant (current extent) vegetation, which is based on contemporary vegetation mapping. The information presented here relates to Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVSs). There are 85 MVS types across Australia, describing the structure and floristic composition of dominant and secondary vegetation stratums (e.g. canopy and mid-storey species). Major Vegetation Subgroups only reflect the dominant vegetation type occurring in an area from a mix of vegetation types. Less-dominant vegetation groups which may also be present are therefore not represented. It is important to note that the vegetation information is indicative only, as state and territory mapping in Australia is of variable resolution and scale. However, this data is the best available nationally consistent information on vegetation, and the dataset continues to evolve and increase in accuracy. Analysing this information at Conservation Management Zone, rather than national level provides greater discrimination for decision makers, as clearance levels of vegetation types are not uniform across Australia. For example, eucalypt woodlands with a tussock grass understory is a vegetation type found across Australia. In the Brigalow Woodlands Conservation Management Zone, eucalypt open woodlands with a tussock grass understory originally covered approximately 36% of the zone, but today it only covers only 14.5 % of the zone (58.7% of this vegetation community has been cleared in the Brigalow). In the Northern Australia Tropical Savannah zone, this vegetation type originally occupied 19.6% of the zone. Today, it occupies approximately 19.4% of the zone (only 2.3% of this vegetation type has been cleared). It should be noted that this data only provides an indication of change in extent, and not vegetation condition. For more information on the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/science-and-research/databases-and-maps/national-vegetation-information- system

9: Ramsar and Nationally Important Wetlands Ramsar wetlands Jurisdiction Hectares Corner Inlet VIC 14,801 Edithvale-Seaford Wetlands – Seaford VIC 261 Gippsland Lakes VIC 61,025 Port Phillip Bay (Western Shoreline) and Bellarine Peninsula VIC 17,164 – Corio Bay Western District Lakes VIC 32,683 Western Port VIC 2,975

For more information on Ramsar please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/water/water-our- environment/wetlands/ramsar-convention-wetlands

Nationally Important Wetlands Jurisdiction Hectares Criteria Anderson Inlet VIC 131.00 2, 3, 4 Bald Hills State Wildlife Reserve VIC 13.00 1, 3, 5 Banongill Network VIC 87.80 1 Bega Swamp NSW 21.20 1, 6 Bemm, Goolengook, Arte and Errinundra Rivers VIC 3,862.10 1, 2, 3, 4 Bendora Reservoir ACT 70.90 5 Benedore River VIC 3,523.50 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Bethungra Dam Reserve NSW 0.10 3 Big Badja Swamp NSW 85.70 1, 5, 6 Big River VIC 1,874.70 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Billabong Flora and Fauna Reserve VIC 20.70 1, 5 Bondi Lake NSW 26.80 1, 6 Bosses/Nebbor Swamp VIC 258.30 1, 3 Boyd Plateau Bogs NSW 0.10 1, 2, 5 Central Highlands Peatlands VIC 10.50 1 Clyde River Estuary NSW 1,069.30 1, 3, 5 Cobden-Terang Volcanic Craters VIC 568.60 1 Coila Creek Delta NSW 3.90 1, 4 Coopers Swamp NSW 0.10 1, 3 Coree Flats NSW 0.10 1 Corner Inlet VIC 9,054.40 1, 3, 4, 5 Cotter Flats ACT 0.10 1 Cullendulla Creek and Embayment NSW 13.50 1, 6 Cundare Pool/Lake Martin VIC 3,741.20 1, 3, 4 Deep Water Morass VIC 56.20 1, 3, 5 Dergholm (Youpayang) Wetlands VIC 8.20 1, 3 Durras Lake NSW 275.20 1, 6 Edithvale-Seaford Wetlands VIC 131.70 1, 3, 6 Ewing’s Marsh (Morass) VIC 1,335.90 1, 5 Genoa River VIC 1,034.40 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 Horse Park Wetland ACT 0.10 1, 3, 6 Howqua River VIC 2,029.20 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Jack Smith Lake State Game Reserve VIC 2,859.50 1, 3, 5 Jacksons Bog NSW 0.10 1, 6 Jerrabomberra Wetlands ACT 0.10 3, 6 Kooraweera Lakes VIC 367.80 1, 2, 4, 5 Kosciusko Alpine Fens, Bogs and Lakes NSW 296.20 1, 4, 5 Lake Bathurst NSW 989.00 1, 3, 6 Lake Beeac VIC 658.50 1, 3, 4, 5 Lake Bookaar VIC 552.70 1, 3, 5 Lake Bunga VIC 16.00 1, 5 Lake Buninjon VIC 285.60 1, 3, 5 Lake Colongulac VIC 1,563.40 1, 3 Lake Condah VIC 81.80 1, 6 Lake Connewarre State Wildlife Reserve VIC 3,596.20 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Lake Corangamite VIC 24,423.60 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Lake Cundare VIC 294.80 1, 3, 4 Lake Dartmouth VIC 5,927.90 6 Lake George NSW 12,850.70 1, 3, 5, 6 Lake Gnarpurt VIC 2,595.90 1, 2, 3 Lake Hume VIC 9,973.00 1, 2, 6 Lake King Wetlands VIC 16,137.40 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Lake Linlithgow Wetlands VIC 1,392.30 1, 3, 4, 5 Lake Milangil VIC 250.10 1, 2, 3, 5 Lake Muirhead VIC 659.70 1, 3, 4 Lake Murdeduke VIC 1,864.20 1, 2, 3 Lake Tali Karng VIC 11.50 1, 3, 6 Lake Terangpom VIC 197.70 1, 2, 3 Lake Tyers VIC 1,282.80 1, 3, 5 Lake Victoria Wetlands VIC 9,256.90 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 Lake Wellington Wetlands VIC 27,546.50 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Lake Wendouree VIC 223.80 1, 3, 6 Lerderderg River VIC 5,192.60 3, 4, 5, 6 Lindenow Wildlife Sanctuary VIC 30.80 1, 3 Lower Goulburn River Floodplain VIC 0.80 1, 2 Lower Lough Calvert & Lake Thurrumbong VIC 1,066.50 1, 2 Lower Merri River Wetlands VIC 145.60 1, 2, 3, 5 Lower Snowy River Wetlands System VIC 2,860.00 1, 2, 3, 5 Macleod Morass VIC 508.80 1, 3 Mallacoota Inlet Wetlands VIC 995.40 1, 3, 5, 6 Merimbula Lake NSW 376.40 1 Merin Merin Swamp VIC 215.00 1, 3 Micalong Swamp NSW 123.90 1, 6 Middle Lough Calvert VIC 554.40 1, 2, 3, 4 Mitta Mitta River VIC 2,319.90 3, 4, 5, 6 Monaro Lakes NSW 376.80 1, 2, 5 Moruya River Estuary Saltmarshes NSW 76.20 1, 2 Mount William Swamp VIC 627.20 1, 3, 4 Mud Islands VIC 5.40 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Mundi-Selkirk Wetlands VIC 3.40 1, 2, 3 Nadgee Lake and tributary wetlands NSW 269.40 1, 2, 5 Nargal Lake NSW 11.10 1, 3 Nelson Lagoon NSW 95.30 1 Nerrin Nerrin Wetlands VIC 523.80 1, 3, 4, 5 Nunnock Swamp NSW 1.50 1, 2, 3, 5 Packers Swamp NSW 0.10 1, 2 Pambula Estuarine Wetlands NSW 330.80 2, 3, 5, 6 Point Cook & Laverton Saltworks VIC 517.60 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Powlett River Mouth VIC 18.60 6 Princetown Wetlands VIC 152.70 1, 2, 3 Red Rock Lakes & The Basins VIC 234.10 1, 6 Rooty Break Swamp VIC 0.90 1 Russells Swamp VIC 92.00 3 Shallow Inlet Marine & Coastal Park VIC 1,920.50 1, 3, 4 Snowy River VIC 46,500.30 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 Stonyford-Bungador Wetlands VIC 63.40 1 Suggan Buggan and Berrima Rivers VIC 1,253.20 2, 3, 4 Swan Bay & Swan Island VIC 412.70 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Sydenham Inlet Wetlands VIC 1,369.60 1, 3, 5 Tambo River (Lower Reaches) East Swamps VIC 100.20 3 Tamboon Inlet Wetlands VIC 798.00 1, 3, 5 Tea Tree Swamp (Delegate River) VIC 176.10 1, 3, 5 Thurra River VIC 2,961.80 1, 3, 5 Tower Hill VIC 305.50 1, 3, 6 Tuross River Estuary NSW 1,095.10 1, 2, 5 Upper Buchan River VIC 856.40 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Upper Cotter River ACT 0.10 1, 6 Upper Lough Calvert VIC 848.70 1, 2, 3 Upper Naas Creek ACT 0.10 1 Waldrons Swamp NSW 71.70 1, 3 Wallaga Lake NSW 822.90 5, 6 Wallagoot Lagoon (Wallagoot Lake) NSW 377.50 5, 6 Werribee-Avalon Area VIC 2,743.50 1, 3, 4, 5 Western Port VIC 29,150.00 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Widderin Swamps VIC 296.70 1, 3, 4, 6 Wongungarra River VIC 304.60 1, 3, 4, 5 Wonnangatta River VIC 3,699.00 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Woorndoo-Hopkins Wetlands VIC 692.50 1, 2 Yambuk Wetlands VIC 364.90 1, 2, 3, 5 Yarra River VIC 1,412.10 1, 3, 4 Werribee-Avalon Area VIC 2,743.52 1, 3, 4, 5 Western Port VIC 29,150.05 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Widderin Swamps VIC 296.74 1, 3, 4, 6 Wongungarra River VIC 304.56 1, 3, 4, 5 Wonnangatta River VIC 3,699.04 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Woorndoo-Hopkins Wetlands VIC 692.53 1, 2 Yambuk Wetlands VIC 364.93 1, 2, 3, 5 Yarra River VIC 1,412.10 1, 3, 4 Nationally important wetlands are defined according to the following criteria: 1. It is a good example of a wetland type occurring within a biogeographic region in Australia. 2. It is a wetland which plays an important ecological or hydrological role in the natural functioning of a major wetland system/complex. 3. It is a wetland which is important as the habitat for animal taxa at a vulnerable stage in their life cycles, or provides a refuge when adverse conditions such as drought prevail. 4. The wetland supports 1% or more of the national populations of any native plant or animal taxa. 5. The wetland supports native plant or animal taxa or communities which are considered endangered or vulnerable at the national level. 6. The wetland is of outstanding historical or cultural significance. Please note, the above are a subset of all the Nationally Important Wetlands found within the Zone. For more information on Nationally Important Wetlands please see: http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/directory- important-wetlands-australia-third-edition 10: World and National Heritage Heritage values World or Heritage Jurisdiction Hectares % of National type zone The Greater Blue Mountains Area World and Natural NSW 244,493.99 1.06 National Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton World Cultural VIC 25.453798 0.00 Gardens Heritage Australian Alps National Parks and National Natural NSW 928,777.4340 4.04 Reserves 07 Grampians National Park (Gariwerd) National Natural VIC 167,179.82 0.73 Budj Bim National Heritage Landscape National Indigenous VIC 8,154.59 0.04 – Tyrendarra Area Castlemaine Diggings National Heritage National Historic VIC 7,535.67 0.03 Park Great Ocean Road and Scenic Environs National Historic VIC 4,308.35 0.02 Point Nepean Defence Sites and National Historic VIC 529.48 0.00 Quarantine Station Area Point Cook Air Base National Historic VIC 256.33 0.00 Flemington Racecourse National Historic VIC 127.8 0.00 Coranderrk National Indigenous VIC 81.65 0.00 Old Government House and the National Historic NSW 49.52 0.00 Government Domain Royal Exhibition Building National National Historic VIC 25.45 0.00 Historic Place Australian War Memorial and the National Historic ACT 25.49 0.00 Memorial Parade Mount William Stone Hatchet Quarry National Indigenous VIC 17.96 0.00 High Court – National Gallery Precinct National Historic ACT 14.15 0.00 Flora Fossil Site – Yea National Natural VIC 12.57 0.00 Glenrowan Heritage Precinct National Historic VIC 8.01 0.00 Eureka Stockade Gardens National Historic VIC 7.83 0.00 Melbourne Cricket Ground National Historic VIC 7.69 0.00 Sidney Myer Music Bowl National Historic VIC 6.25 0.00 Rippon Lea House and Garden National Historic VIC 5.58 0.00 Newman College National Historic VIC 4.02 0.00 Old Parliament House and Curtilage National Historic ACT 3.6 0.00 High Court of Australia (former) National Historic VIC 0.25 0.00 ICI Building (former) National Historic VIC 0.23 0.00 Australian Academy of Science Building National Historic ACT 0.16 0.00

Please refer to the Australian Heritage Database for detailed information on listing criteria for these heritage values: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian- heritage-database

For more information on Australia’s world and national heritage please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/about-australias-heritage

11: Major National Reserve System properties Major National Reserve System properties Name Property type IUCN Jurisdictio Hectares % of zone category n Alpine National Park II VIC 363,402 1.58 Kosciuszko National Park II NSW 325,990 1.42 Grampians National Park II VIC 167,185 0.73 Deua National Park IB NSW 121,217 0.53 Snowy River National Park II VIC 114,691 0.50 South East Forest National Park II NSW 111,013 0.48 Wadbilliga National Park IB NSW 95,455 0.42 Croajingolong National Park II VIC 88,022 0.38 Blue Mountains National Park II NSW 80,493 0.35 Kanangra-Boyd National Park IB NSW 71,321 0.31 Yarra Ranges National Park II VIC 57,960 0.25 Namadgi National Park II ACT 46,392 0.20 Morton National Park II NSW 43,754 0.19 Goobang National Park II NSW 42,455 0.18 Rodger River and Natural Catchment Area II VIC 42,288 0.18 Mountain Creek Suggan Buggan and Heritage River V VIC 41,793 0.18 Berrima Rivers H.R. Errinundra National Park II VIC 40,089 0.17 Coopracambra National Park II VIC 38,497 0.17 Avon Wilderness Park IB VIC 35,318 0.15 Mount Darling – Snowy Wilderness Zone IB VIC 28,595 0.12 Bluff – Schedule 5, National Parks Act Lake Eildon National Park II VIC 27,861 0.12 Great Otway National Park II VIC 27,239 0.12

The IUCN categories are as follows: Ia Strict Nature Reserve IUCN protected area management categories classify protected areas according to their management objectives. The categories are recognised by international bodies such as the United Nations and are utilised by many national governments, including the Australian Government, as the global standard for defining and recording protected areas. Ib Wilderness Area II National Park III Natural Monument or Feature IV Habitat/Species Management Area V Protected Landscape/ Seascape VI Protected area with sustainable use of natural resources

Please refer to the IUCN website for further explanation: http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/gpap_home/gpap_quality/gpap_pacategories/

For more information on Australia’s National Reserve System please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system

Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database 2012. 12: EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communities Threatened ecological communities Name Listing % of total distribution* % of zone** status Silurian Limestone Pomaderris Shrubland of Endangered 100 0.001 the South East Corner and Australian Alps Bioregions Lowland Grassy Woodland Critically 100 0.058 in the South East Corner Bioregion Endangered Natural Temperate Grassland of the Victorian Critically 99.90 6.705 Volcanic Plain Endangered Grassy Eucalypt Woodland of Critically 99.90 10.349 the Victorian Volcanic Plain Endangered Gippsland Red Gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis Critically 99.90 2.005 subsp. mediana) Grassy Woodland and Endangered Associated Native Grassland Natural Temperate Grassland of the Endangered 99.50 0.047 Southern Tablelands of NSW and the Australian Capital Territory Upland Basalt Eucalypt Forests of Endangered 88.20 0.295 the Sydney Basin Bioregion Upland Wetlands of the New England Endangered 54.40 0.007 Tablelands and the Monaro Plateau White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Critically 42.00 4.243 Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Endangered Grassland Seasonal Herbaceous Wetlands (Freshwater) Critically 38.40 0.067 of the Temperate Lowland Plains Endangered Grey Box (Eucalyptus microcarpa) Endangered 18.30 1.382 Grassy Woodlands and Derived Native Grasslands of South-eastern Australia Subtropical and Temperate Coastal Saltmarsh Vulnerable 8.80 0.081 Alpine Sphagnum Bogs and Associated Fens Endangered 2.90 0.064 Littoral Rainforest and Coastal Vine Critically 1.20 0.002 Thickets of Eastern Australia Endangered Weeping Myall Woodlands Endangered 0.00 0.002

* % of the total national distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the Threatened Ecological Community that is found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area describes the proportion of the zone that the Threatened Ecological Community is likely or known to occur in.

It should be noted that the identification of any given Threatened Ecological Community above does not imply that the Threatened Ecological Community (TEC) is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. Rather, the % of the TEC’s total distribution (*) within the zone is an indication of its importance to that zone in terms of conservation efforts. The % of the zone (**) indicates how rare, or difficult the ecological community may be to find within the zone. The threatened ecological communities above are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), which is the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation. For more information, please refer to http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/communities 13: EPBC Act (1999) threatened species Threatened mammals Common name Scientific name Status % of total % of distributio zone** Eastern Barred Bandicoot (Mainland) Perameles gunnii unnamed Endangered n*100 0.01 subsp. Long-footed Potoroo Potorous longipes Endangered 97.63 3.89 Konoom, Smoky Mouse Pseudomys fumeus Endangered 79.56 11.64 Leadbeater’s Possum Gymnobelideus leadbeateri Endangered 72.19 0.45 Southern Brown Bandicoot (Eastern) Isoodon obesulus obesulus Endangered 51.49 8.56 Dayang, Heath Rat Pseudomys shortridgei Vulnerable 38.45 1.66 Long-nosed Potoroo (SE mainland) Potorous tridactylus Vulnerable 36.23 6.51 tridactylus Southern Bent-wing Bat Miniopterus schreibersii Critically 35.43 2.08 bassanii Endangered Grey-headed Flying-fox Pteropus poliocephalus Vulnerable 27.95 20.99 Spot-tailed Quoll, Spotted-tail Quoll, Dasyurus maculatus Endangered 27.11 20.65 Tiger Quoll (southeastern mainland maculatus population) (SE mainland population) Brush-tailed Rock-wallaby Petrogale penicillata Vulnerable 16.18 2.90 New Holland Mouse, Pookila Pseudomys Vulnerable 15.64 6.47 novaehollandiae Koala (combined populations of Phascolarctos cinereus Vulnerable 9.87 17.94 Queensland, New South Wales and the (combined populations of Australian Capital Territory) Qld, NSW and the ACT) Large-eared Pied Bat, Large Pied Bat Chalinolobus dwyeri Vulnerable 8.26 9.54 South-eastern Long-eared Bat Nyctophilus corbeni Vulnerable 5.73 8.01 Mountain Pygmy-possum Burramys parvus Endangered 1.06 0.00 Southern Right Whale Eubalaena australis Endangered n/a n/a Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae Vulnerable n/a n/a

Threatened birds Common name Scientific name Status % of total % of distributio zone** n* Helmeted Honeyeater, Lichenostomus melanops Endangered 100 0.004 Yellow-tufted Honeyeater (Helmeted) cassidix Regent Honeyeater Anthochaera phrygia Endangered 37.44 38.914 Swift Parrot Lathamus discolor Endangered 34.29 26.771 Superb Parrot Polytelis swainsonii Vulnerable 26.78 21.081 Gould’s Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera Endangered 25.05 0.000 leucoptera Australasian Bittern Botaurus poiciloptilus Endangered 20.8 33.540 Australian Fairy Tern Sternula nereis nereis Vulnerable 17.69 4.437 Eastern Bristlebird Dasyornis brachypterus Endangered 14.64 3.066 Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo (south- Calyptorhynchus banksii Endangered 9.87 0.613 eastern) graptogyne Orange-bellied Parrot Neophema chrysogaster Critically 6.68 1.844 Endangered Australian Painted Snipe Rostratula australis Endangered 1.57 1.332 Plains-wanderer Pedionomus torquatus Vulnerable 1.47 0.450 Malleefowl Leipoa ocellata Vulnerable 0.43 2.014 Salvin’s Albatross Thalassarche cauta salvini Vulnerable 0.04 0.420 Shy Albatross, Tasmanian Shy Albatross Thalassarche cauta cauta Vulnerable 0.03 0.420 Northern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora Endangered 0.03 0.420 sanfordi Gibson’s Albatross Diomedea exulans gibsoni Vulnerable 0.02 0.224 White-capped Albatross Thalassarche cauta steadi Vulnerable 0.02 0.420 Campbell Albatross Thalassarche melanophris Vulnerable 0.02 0.208 impavida Chatham Albatross Thalassarche eremita Endangered 0.02 0.116 Southern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora Vulnerable 0.02 0.420 epomophora Antipodean Albatross Diomedea exulans Vulnerable 0.01 0.235 antipodensis Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans (sensu Vulnerable 0.01 0.235 lato) Buller’s Albatross, Pacific Albatross Thalassarche bulleri Vulnerable 0 0.000 Tristan Albatross Diomedea exulans exulans Endangered n/a n/a Soft-plumaged Petrel Pterodroma mollis Vulnerable n/a n/a Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris Vulnerable n/a n/a Grey-headed Albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma Endangered n/a n/a Kermadec Petrel (western) Pterodroma neglecta Vulnerable n/a n/a neglecta Buller’s Albatross, Pacific Albatross Thalassarche bulleri Vulnerable n/a n/a Blue Petrel Halobaena caerulea Vulnerable n/a n/a Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus Endangered n/a n/a Northern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halli Vulnerable n/a n/a

* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.

** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in.

The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.

Threatened reptiles Common Name Scientific name Status % of total % of distributio zone** Corangamite Water Skink Eulamprus tympanum Endangered n*100 1.65 marnieae Pink-tailed Worm-lizard, Aprasia parapulchella Vulnerable 78.48 12.72 Pink-tailed Legless Lizard Striped Legless Lizard Delma impar Vulnerable 71.53 20.47 Grassland Earless Dragon Tympanocryptis pinguicolla Endangered 58.16 0.72 Broad-headed Snake Hoplocephalus bungaroides Vulnerable 22.98 3.08 Blue Mountains Water Skink Eulamprus leuraensis Endangered 1.91 0.01 Guthega Skink Liopholis guthega Endangered 0.18 0.0004 Alpine She-oak Skink Cyclodomorphus praealtus Endangered 0.03 0.0001 Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea Endangered n/a n/a Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta Endangered n/a n/a Green Turtle Chelonia mydas Vulnerable n/a n/a Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata Vulnerable n/a n/a Flatback Turtle Natator depressus Vulnerable n/a n/a

Other threatened fauna Common name Scientific name Status % of total % of distributio zone** Giant Gippsland Earthworm Megascolides australis Vulnerable n*100 0.32 Macquarie Perch Macquaria australasica Endangered 100 0.08 Golden Sun Moth Synemon plana Critically 91.22 0.54 Endangered Yarra Pygmy Perch Nannoperca obscura Vulnerable 87.1 0.40 Booroolong Frog Litoria booroolongensis Endangered 86.14 5.50 Bathurst Copper Butterfly, Paralucia spinifera Vulnerable 84.54 0.43 Purple Copper Butterfly, Bathurst Copper, Bathurst Copper Wing, Bathurst-Lithgow Copper, Purple Copper Glenelg Spiny Freshwater Crayfish, Euastacus bispinosus Endangered 79.04 0.46 Pricklyback Murray Cod Maccullochella peelii Vulnerable 77.56 0.05 Green and Golden Bell Frog Litoria aurea Vulnerable 72.52 0.38 Spotted Tree Frog Litoria spenceri Endangered 70.55 2.52 Variegated Pygmy Perch, Nannoperca variegata Vulnerable 67.74 0.09 Ewens Pygmy Perch, Golden Pygmy Perch Eastern Dwarf Galaxias, Dwarf Galaxias Galaxiella pusilla Vulnerable 67.45 2.62 Giant Burrowing Frog Heleioporus australiacus Vulnerable 64.31 17.20 Northern Corroboree Frog Pseudophryne pengilleyi Critically 60.42 0.10 Endangered Barred Galaxias Galaxias fuscus Endangered 58.18 0.08 Yellow-spotted Tree Frog, Litoria castanea Endangered 55.92 5.30 Yellow-spotted Bell Frog Alpine Stonefly Thaumatoperla alpina Endangered 49.67 0.33 Growling Grass Frog, Litoria raniformis Vulnerable 43.88 41.55 Southern Bell Frog, Green and Golden Frog, Warty Swamp Frog Trout Cod Maccullochella Endangered 39.99 0.08 macquariensis Stuttering Frog, Mixophyes balbus Vulnerable 12.96 2.74 Southern Barred Frog (in Victoria) Australian Grayling Prototroctes maraena Vulnerable 9.74 0.45 Alpine Tree Frog, Litoria verreauxii alpina Vulnerable 8.47 0.19 Verreaux’s Alpine Tree Frog Silver Perch, Bidyan Bidyanus bidyanus Critically 7.28 0.23 Endangered Black Rockcod, Black Cod, Saddled Epinephelus daemelii Vulnerable 0.4 0.016 Rockcod Glenelg Freshwater Mussel Hyridella glenelgensis Critically 0.36 0.0000 Endangered 2 Baw Baw Frog Philoria frosti Endangered 0.22 0.0000 6 Littlejohn’s Tree Frog, Heath Frog Litoria littlejohni Vulnerable May be May present be presen t Southern Corroboree Frog Pseudophryne corroboree Critically May be May Endangered present be presen t Murray Hardyhead Craterocephalus fluviatilis Endangered May be May present be presen t Grey Nurse Shark (east coast Carcharias taurus Critically n/a n/a population) (east coast population) Endangered Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias Vulnerable n/a n/a Whale Shark Rhincodon typus Vulnerable 0 n/a

Threatened flora Common Name Scientific name Status % of total % of distributio zone** n* Snowy River Westringia Westringia cremnophila Vulnerable 100 0.06 Dwarf Spider-orchid Caladenia pumila Critically 100 0.14 Endangered Kilsyth South Spider-orchid Caladenia sp. Kilsyth South Critically 100 0.00 (G.S.Lorimer 1253) Endangered Canberra Spider Orchid Caladenia actensis Critically 100 0.02 Endangered Robust Greenhood Pterostylis valida Critically 100 0.01 Endangered Genowlan Point Pultenaea, Genowlan Pultenaea sp. Genowlan Critically 100 0.00 Pultenaea Point (NSW 417813) Endangered Small Golden Moths Orchid, Early Diuris basaltica Endangered 100 0.00 Golden Moths Silver Gum, Buxton Gum Eucalyptus crenulata Endangered 100 0.03 Grampians Pincushion-lily Borya mirabilis Endangered 100 0.01 Imlay Mallee, Mount Imlay Mallee Eucalyptus imlayensis Endangered 100 0.00 Adamson’s Blown-grass, Adamson’s Lachnagrostis adamsonii Endangered 100 2.42 Blowngrass None Zieria parrisiae Endangered 100 0.00 Sunshine Diuris, Fragrant Doubletail, Diuris fragrantissima Endangered 100 0.01 White Diuris Mongarlowe Mallee Eucalyptus recurva Endangered 100 0.01 Charming Spider-orchid Caladenia amoena Endangered 100 0.03 Gaping Leek-orchid Prasophyllum correctum Endangered 100 0.04 Genoa River Correa Correa lawrenceana Endangered 100 0.02 var. genoensis Tumut Grevillea Grevillea wilkinsonii Endangered 100 0.01 Enigmatic Greenhood Pterostylis aenigma Endangered 100 0.01 None Westringia kydrensis Endangered 100 0.05 Mountain Trachymene Trachymene scapigera Endangered 100 0.00 None Zieria obcordata Endangered 100 0.05 Basalt Greenhood Pterostylis basaltica Endangered 100 0.03 Button Wrinklewort Rutidosis leptorrhynchoides Endangered 100 2.27 Bog Grevillea Grevillea acanthifolia subsp. Endangered 100 0.17 paludosa Silver-leaf Candlebark, Eucalyptus canobolensis Endangered 100 0.01 Mt Canobolas Candlebark Tuggeranong Lignum Muehlenbeckia Endangered 100 0.01 tuggeranong None Zieria buxijugum Endangered 100 0.01 Wee Jasper Grevillea Grevillea iaspicula Endangered 100 0.01 Bald-tip Beard-orchid Calochilus richiae Endangered 100 0.01 Southern Shepherd’s Purse Ballantinia antipoda Endangered 100 0.08 Frankston Spider-orchid Caladenia robinsonii Endangered 100 0.01 Fringed Spider-orchid Caladenia thysanochila Endangered 100 0.01 Pambula Midge-orchid Genoplesium rhyoliticum Endangered 100 0.03 None Zieria formosa Endangered 100 0.00 Araluen Zieria Zieria adenophora Endangered 100 0.00 Strzelecki Gum Eucalyptus strzeleckii Vulnerable 100 1.41 Salt-lake Tussock-grass Poa sallacustris Vulnerable 100 0.42 Warty Zieria Zieria tuberculata Vulnerable 100 0.05 Drooping Grevillea, Ben Major Grevillea Grevillea floripendula Vulnerable 100 0.02 Chef’s Cap Correa baeuerlenii Vulnerable 100 0.50 Wellington Mintbush Prostanthera galbraithiae Vulnerable 100 0.06 Ginninderra Peppercress Lepidium ginninderrense Vulnerable 100 0.01 a stringybark Eucalyptus alligatrix subsp. Vulnerable 100 0.00 miscella Small-leaved Gum Eucalyptus parvula Vulnerable 100 0.14 Araluen Gum Eucalyptus kartzoffiana Vulnerable 100 0.15 Robertson’s Peppermint Eucalyptus robertsonii Vulnerable 100 0.06 subsp. hemisphaerica Grampians Rice-flower Pimelea pagophila Vulnerable 100 0.04 Enfield Grevillea Grevillea bedggoodiana Vulnerable 100 0.06 Williamsons Bush-pea Pultenaea williamsoniana Vulnerable 100 0.05 Buttercup Doubletail Diuris aequalis Vulnerable 100 0.23 Aniseed Boronia, Galbraith’s Boronia Boronia galbraithiae Vulnerable 100 0.05 Forrester’s Bottlebrush Callistemon forresterae Vulnerable 100 0.04 Betka Bottlebrush Callistemon kenmorrisonii Vulnerable 100 0.01 Grey Deua Pomaderris Pomaderris gilmourii Vulnerable 100 0.01 var. cana Pale Pomaderris Pomaderris pallida Vulnerable 100 0.37 Budawangs Wallaby-grass Plinthanthesis rodwayi Vulnerable 100 0.02 Marble Daisy-bush Olearia astroloba Vulnerable 100 0.00 None Pultenaea parrisiae Vulnerable 100 0.04 Colquhoun Grevillea, Nowa Nowa Grevillea celata Vulnerable 100 0.06 Grevillea None Leionema ralstonii Vulnerable 100 0.06 Leafy Nematolepis Nematolepis frondosa Vulnerable 100 0.01 None Nematolepis rhytidophylla Vulnerable 100 0.00 Shiny Nematolepis Nematolepis wilsonii Vulnerable 100 0.00 Mignonette Leek-orchid, Prasophyllum morganii Vulnerable 100 0.15 Cobungra Leek-orchid, Dense Leek- orchid Bredbo Gentian Gentiana bredboensis Vulnerable 100 0.01 Parris’ Pomaderris Pomaderris parrisiae Vulnerable 100 0.80 Bega Wattle Acacia georgensis Vulnerable 100 0.14 Phantom Wattle Acacia phasmoides Vulnerable 100 0.04 Langi Ghiran Grevillea Grevillea montis-cole Vulnerable 100 0.00 subsp. brevistyla Grampians Bitter-pea Daviesia laevis Vulnerable 100 0.41 Limestone Blue Wattle, Buchan Blue, Acacia caerulescens Vulnerable 100 0.09 Buchan Blue Wattle None Westringia davidii Vulnerable 100 0.01 Narrow-leaf Bent-grass Deyeuxia pungens Vulnerable 100 0.01 Round-leaf Pomaderris Pomaderris vacciniifolia Critically 99.96 0.95 Endangered River Swamp Wallaby-grass, Floating Amphibromus fluitans Vulnerable 99.94 0.10 Swamp Wallaby-grass French Island Spider-orchid Caladenia insularis Vulnerable 99.9 0.05 Rosella Spider-orchid, Little Pink Spider- Caladenia rosella Endangered 99.63 0.07 orchid Yass Daisy Ammobium craspedioides Vulnerable 99.33 3.00 Fragrant Leek-orchid Prasophyllum suaveolens Endangered 98.11 1.07

* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.

** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in. The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone. The above species are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation.

Please note that the list of threatened flora species is not comprehensive. The flora listed here have a significant proportion of their total national distribution within the zone. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species or the Species Profiles and Threats Database http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl 14: EPBC Act (1999) migratory species Migratory birds Common name Scientific name Antipodean Albatross Diomedea antipodensis Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris Black-faced Monarch Monarcha melanopsis Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellus Buller’s Albatross, Pacific Albatross Thalassarche bulleri Campbell Albatross Thalassarche impavida Caspian Tern Sterna caspia Cattle Egret Ardea ibis Chatham Albatross Thalassarche eremita Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea Double-banded Plover Charadrius bicinctus Eastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensis Flesh-footed Shearwater, Fleshy-footed Puffinus carneipes Shearwater Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus Gibson’s Albatross Diomedea gibsoni Great Egret, Ardea alba White Egret Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris Greater Sand Plover, Large Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola Grey-headed Albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma Grey-tailed Tattler Heteroscelus brevipes Latham’s Snipe, Gallinago hardwickii Japanese Snipe Lesser Sand Plover, Mongolian Plover Charadrius mongolus Little Curlew, Little Whimbrel Numenius minutus Little Tern Sterna albifrons Marsh Sandpiper, Little Greenshank Tringa stagnatilis Northern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halli Northern Royal Albatross Diomedea sanfordi Oriental Plover, Oriental Dotterel Charadrius veredus Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva Painted Snipe Rostratula benghalensis (sensu lato) Rainbow Bee-eater Merops ornatus Red Knot, Knot Calidris canutus Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres Rufous Fantail Rhipidura rufifrons Salvin’s Albatross Thalassarche salvini Sanderling Calidris alba Satin Flycatcher Myiagra cyanoleuca Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata Short-tailed Shearwater Puffinus tenuirostris Shy Albatross, Tasmanian Shy Albatross Thalassarche cauta (sensu stricto) Sooty Shearwater Puffinus griseus Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus Southern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora (sensu stricto) Spectacled Monarch Monarcha trivirgatus Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus Tristan Albatross Diomedea dabbenena Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans (sensu lato) Wedge-tailed Puffinus pacificus Shearwater Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus White-bellied Haliaeetus leucogaster Sea-Eagle White-capped Thalassarche steadi Albatross White-throated Hirundapus caudacutus Needletail Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus

Other migratory species Common name Scientific name Bryde’s Whale Balaenoptera edeni Dusky Dolphin Lagenorhynchus obscurus Flatback Turtle Natator depressus Giant Manta Ray, Chevron Manta Ray, Manta birostris Pacific Manta Ray, Pelagic Manta Ray, Oceanic Manta Ray Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias Green Turtle Chelonia mydas Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae Killer Whale, Orca Orcinus orca Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta Porbeagle, Mackerel Shark Lamna nasus Pygmy Right Whale Caperea marginata Southern Right Whale Eubalaena australis Whale Shark Rhincodon typus

For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/migratory-species 15: Threatened endemic species Threatened endemic species Taxonomic Scientific name Reservation EPBC Act status IUCN status group status Birds Procellaria parkinsoni Not recorded n/a Vulnerable in reserves Birds Pterodroma baraui Not recorded n/a Endangered in reserves Birds Spheniscus magellanicus Recorded in n/a Near Threatened reserves Butterflies Paralucia spinifera Not recorded Vulnerable Endangered in reserves Crabs, Austrogammarus australis Recorded in n/a Extinct Yabbies, reserves Isopods and Allies Crabs, Engaeus mallacoota Recorded in n/a Critically Yabbies, reserves Endangered Isopods and Allies Crabs, Engaeus rostrogaleatus Recorded in n/a Vulnerable Yabbies, reserves Isopods and Allies Crabs, Engaeus sternalis Recorded in n/a Critically Yabbies, reserves Endangered Isopods and Allies Crabs, Engaeus urostrictus Recorded in n/a Vulnerable Yabbies, reserves Isopods and Allies Crabs, Engaeus victoriensis Recorded in n/a Near Threatened Yabbies, reserves Isopods and Allies Crabs, Euastacus brachythorax Not recorded in n/a Endangered Yabbies, reserves Isopods and Allies Crabs, Euastacus claytoni Recorded in n/a Endangered Yabbies, reserves Isopods and Allies Crabs, Euastacus diversus Recorded in n/a Endangered Yabbies, reserves Isopods and Allies Crabs, Euastacus rieki Not recorded n/a Endangered Yabbies, in reserves Isopods and Allies Crabs, Gramastacus insolitus Recorded in n/a Near Threatened Yabbies, reserves Isopods and Allies Earthworms Megascolides australis Recorded in Vulnerable Vulnerable reserves Fish Galaxias fuscus Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Frogs Philoria frosti Recorded in Endangered Critically reserves Endangered Frogs Pseudophryne pengilleyi Recorded in Vulnerable Endangered reserves Lampreys Mordacia praecox Not recorded n/a Vulnerable in reserves Mammals Gymnobelideus leadbeateri Recorded in Endangered Endangered reserves Mammals Potorous longipes Recorded in Endangered Endangered reserves Molluscs Hyridella glenelgensis Not recorded Critically n/a in reserves Endangered Molluscs Austropyrgus colensis Not recorded n/a Near Threatened in reserves Molluscs Austropyrgus foris Not recorded n/a Near Threatened in reserves Molluscs Austropyrgus Not recorded n/a Near Threatened grampianensis in reserves Molluscs Victodrobia millerae Not recorded n/a Vulnerable in reserves Molluscs Victodrobia victoriensis Recorded in n/a Near Threatened reserves Molluscs Allocharopa okeana Not recorded n/a Near Threatened in reserves Molluscs Cralopa colliveri Not recorded n/a Vulnerable in reserves Plants Borya mirabilis Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Caladenia actensis Not recorded Critically n/a in reserves Endangered Plants Caladenia aff. venusta Not recorded Critically n/a (kilsyth south) in reserves Endangered Plants Caladenia audasii Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Caladenia orientalis Not recorded Endangered n/a in reserves Plants Caladenia rosella Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Caladenia thysanochila Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Calochilus richiae Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Corunastylis ectopa Recorded in Critically n/a reserves Endangered Plants Diuris basaltica Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Diuris fragrantissima Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Genoplesium rhyoliticum Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Prasophyllum bagoense Not recorded Critically n/a in reserves Endangered Plants Prasophyllum subbisectum Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Pterostylis basaltica Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Pterostylis x aenigma Not recorded Endangered n/a in reserves Plants Thelymitra mackibbinii Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Ammobium craspedioides Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Olearia astroloba Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Rutidosis leptorrhynchoides Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Senecio garlandii Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Budawangia gnidioides Not recorded Vulnerable n/a in reserves Plants Acacia caerulescens Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Acacia constablei Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Acacia georgensis Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Acacia phasmoides Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Daviesia laevis Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Pultenaea parrisiae Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Pultenaea sp. genowlan Not recorded Critically n/a point in reserves Endangered Plants Pimelea pagophila Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Callistemon forresterae Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Callistemon kenmorrisonii Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Eucalyptus canobolensis Not recorded Endangered n/a in reserves Plants Eucalyptus imlayensis Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Eucalyptus kartzoffiana Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Eucalyptus parvula Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Eucalyptus recurva Recorded in Endangered Critically reserves Endangered Plants Eucalyptus strzeleckii Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Leptospermum thompsonii Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Deyeuxia pungens Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Lachnagrostis adamsonii Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Plinthanthesis rodwayi Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Poa sallacustris Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Rytidosperma pumilum Not recorded Vulnerable n/a in reserves Plants Baloskion longipes Not recorded Vulnerable n/a in reserves Plants Grevillea bedggoodiana Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Grevillea iaspicula Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Grevillea infecunda Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Grevillea wilkinsonii Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Grevillea williamsonii Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Hakea dohertyi Not recorded Endangered n/a in reserves Plants Persoonia marginata Not recorded Vulnerable n/a in reserves Plants Boronia galbraithiae Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Correa baeuerlenii Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Leionema ralstonii Not recorded Vulnerable n/a in reserves Plants Nematolepis frondosa Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Nematolepis rhytidophylla Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Nematolepis wilsonii Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Zieria adenophora Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Zieria buxijugum Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Zieria citriodora Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Plants Zieria covenyi Not recorded Endangered n/a in reserves Plants Zieria formosa Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Zieria obcordata Recorded in Endangered n/a reserves Plants Zieria parrisiae Not recorded Endangered n/a in reserves Reptiles Aprasia parapulchella Recorded in Vulnerable n/a reserves Concentrations of unreserved endemic species

The colour grids and numbers are an indication of the location and number of endemic species that have all their known range outside of the National Reserve System. Concentrations of unreserved endemic species may be useful focal areas for private land conservation efforts. Endemism analyses were provided by the Australian Government Department of Environment Australian Natural Heritage Assessment Tool (ANHAT). The ANHAT database has been compiled from specimens and site records held in state agency wildlife atlases, museum collections, and the work of individual researchers. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian- natural-heritage-assessment-tool 16: Invasive species Invasive mammals Common name Scientific name % of total % of distribution* zone** Cat, House Cat, Domestic Cat Felis catus 2.99 99.95 Red Fox, Fox Vulpes vulpes 3.72 99.84 Rabbit, European Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 4.15 98.98 Domestic Dog Canis lupus familiaris 8.58 93.02 Brown Hare Lepus capensis 21.31 92.17 House Mouse Mus musculus 5.95 92.03 Black Rat, Ship Rat Rattus rattus 18.79 90.94 Goat Capra hircus 7.16 66.79 Domestic Cattle Bos taurus 8.55 63.36 Pig Sus scrofa 3.86 59.01 Feral deer species in Australia Feral deer 26.70 44.49 Brown Rat, Norway Rat Rattus norvegicus 32.01 26.47 Horse Equus caballus 1.69 10.92

Other invasive fauna Common name Scientific name % of total % of distribution* zone** European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis 25.63 99.98 Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris 10.64 99.91 House Sparrow Passer domesticus 7.77 99.90 Common Blackbird, Eurasian Blackbird Turdus merula 24.87 99.04 Rock Pigeon, Rock Dove, Domestic Pigeon Columba livia 8.70 96.45 Skylark Alauda arvensis 32.66 91.74 Spotted Turtle-Dove Streptopelia chinensis 19.49 70.66 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 22.58 69.52 Common Myna, Indian Myna Acridotheres tristis 27.32 61.49 Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 44.53 53.79 European Greenfinch Carduelis chloris 51.85 44.51 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos 96.34 16.73 Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus 26.08 9.04 Nutmeg Mannikin Lonchura punctulata 0.81 0.93 Red Junglefowl, Domestic Fowl Gallus gallus 40.90 0.08 Common Pheasant Phasianus colchicus 2.46 0.08 Indian Peafowl, Peacock Pavo cristatus 2.42 0.08

* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.

Invasive flora Common name Scientific name % of total % of distribution* zone** Blackberry, European Blackberry Rubus fruticosus 27.33 99.07 aggregate Willows except Weeping Willow, Salix spp. except 31.28 89.66 Pussy Willow and Sterile Pussy Willow S.babylonica, S.x calodendron & S.x reichardtii Gorse, Furze Ulex europaeus 46.8 81.10 Serrated Tussock, Yass River Tussock, Nassella trichotoma 61.56 77.54 Yass Tussock, Nassella Tussock (NZ) Bridal Creeper, Bridal Veil Creeper, Asparagus asparagoides 17.62 62.93 Smilax, Florist’s Smilax, Smilax Asparagus Chilean Needle grass Nassella neesiana 52.42 59.80 Broom, English Broom, Scotch Broom, Cytisus scoparius 53.1 55.07 Common Broom, Scottish Broom, Spanish Broom African Boxthorn, Boxthorn Lycium ferocissimum 21.35 48.89 Boneseed Chrysanthemoides 26.38 36.51 monilifera subsp. monilifera Montpellier Broom, Cape Broom, Canary Genista monspessulana 51.16 33.18 Broom, Common Broom, French Broom, Soft Broom Prickly Pears Opuntia spp. 9.18 15.16 Flax-leaved Broom, Mediterranean Broom, Genista linifolia 67.24 11.97 Flax Broom Fireweed, Madagascar Ragwort, Senecio 14.81 9.44 Madagascar Groundsel madagascariensis Salvinia, Giant Salvinia, Salvinia molesta 6.44 8.52 Aquarium Watermoss, Kariba Weed Alligator Weed Alternanthera 20.99 7.01 philoxeroides Silver Nightshade, Silver-leaved Solanum elaeagnifolium 8.4 5.46 Nightshade, White Horse Nettle, Silver-leaf Nightshade, Tomato Weed, White Nightshade, Bull-nettle, Prairie-berry, Satansbos, Silver-leaf Bitter-apple, Silverleaf-nettle, Trompillo Bitou Bush Chrysanthemoides 17.79 5.20 monilifera subsp. rotundata Madeira Vine, Jalap, Lamb’s-tail, Anredera cordifolia 12.07 4.89 Mignonette Vine, Anredera, Gulf Madeiravine, Heartleaf Madeiravine, Potato Vine Water Hyacinth, Water Orchid, Nile Lily Eichhornia crassipes 10.09 4.12 Lantana, Common Lantana, Kamara Lantana camara 1.94 3.96 Lantana, Large-leaf Lantana, Pink Flowered Lantana, Red Flowered Lantana, Red-Flowered Sage, White Sage, Wild Sage Asparagus Fern, Climbing Asparagus Fern Asparagus scandens 46.68 3.91 Athel Pine, Athel Tree, Tamarisk, Tamarix aphylla 1.09 3.36 Athel Tamarisk, Athel Tamarix, Desert Tamarisk, Flowering Cypress, Salt Cedar Delta Arrowhead, Arrowhead, Slender Sagittaria platyphylla 6.53 2.40 Arrowhead Prickly Pears Austrocylindropuntia spp. 24.31 1.31 Asparagus Fern, Ground Asparagus, Asparagus aethiopicus 8.93 1.20 Basket Fern, Sprengi’s Fern, Bushy Asparagus, Emerald Asparagus Climbing Asparagus-fern, Ferny Asparagus Protasparagus plumosus 7.86 1.11 Climbing Asparagus-fern Asparagus plumosus 7.86 1.11 Cabomba, Fanwort, Carolina Watershield, Cabomba caroliniana 2.58 1.07 Fish Grass, Washington Grass, Watershield, Carolina Fanwort, Common Cabomba Cat’s Claw Vine, Yellow Trumpet Vine, Dolichandra unguis-cati 1.36 0.34 Cat’s Claw Creeper, Funnel Creeper Prickly Pears Cylindropuntia spp. 1.18 0.32 Bridal Veil, Bridal Veil Creeper, Asparagus declinatus 0.4 0.01 Pale Berry Asparagus Fern, Asparagus Fern, South African Creeper Radiata Pine Monterey Pine, Insignis Pine, Pinus radiata May be present May be Wilding Pine present Bitou Bush, Boneseed Chrysanthemoides May be present May be monilifera present Mesquite, Algaroba Prosopis spp. May be present May be present Olive, Common Olive Olea europaea May be present May be present Ward’s Weed Carrichtera annua May be present May be present Buffel-grass, Black Buffel-grass Cenchrus ciliaris May be present May be present Broom Genista sp. X Genista May be present May be monspessulana present

* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.

It should be noted that the identification of any given invasive species above does not imply that the species is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. The % of the zone area (**) indicates how common or rare the species may be within the zone.

For more information on invasive species please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/invasive-species

Vegetation profiles and management recommendations

Vegetation extent information and species lists contained in the vegetation profiles are based on analysis from the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS), including analysis of Major Vegetation Subgroups and NVIS Level V descriptions. Please see http://www.environment.gov.au/node/18930 for more information. The management recommendations have been drawn from EPBC Act Recovery Plans, EPBC Act Ecological Communities Listing Advice and other sources. The recommendations are indicative only. Systematic reviews of management literature, consultation processes and improved Natural Resource Management program monitoring and evaluation will support development of a comprehensive set of management recommendations over time.

Eucalyptus woodlands with a tussock grass understorey vegetation profile

18.29% Remaining

Commonly found species within this community Eucalyptus camaldulensis; Eucalyptus microcarpa; Eucalyptus melliodora; Melaleuca parvistaminea; Melicytus dentatus; Cassinia arcuata; Eleocharis acuta; Pimelea curviflora; Themeda triandra; Elymus scaber; Microlaena stipoides; Dianella revoluta; tussock grass. Management recommendations Protection Sustainable Rehabilitati Fire Wildlife Weed Feral Disease Agricultural on Manageme Manageme Manageme Animal Manageme Practice nt nt nt Manageme nt nt Purchase Limit or Do not plant Please Maintain Mow/slash Control high quality exclude trees/ seek and protect sporadicall feral remnants grazing shrubs into advice from paddock y and in a grazers into during good your local trees as mosaic (deer, reservation drought, condition, NRM these pattern in rabbits, . and spring/ or derived organisatio provide late goats) and Encourage summer grassland n prior to critical links summer or erect uptake of when native sites. undertaking for wildlife autumn fences conservatio ground any fire movement. after native where Replant n cover is in manageme ground appropriate indigenous If few agreement flower or nt. layer plants (e.g. of species if mature, s and seed. have stock the site Fire hollow- covenants seeded. dams, Graze 3- shows no intervals bearing on private individual days on; signs of should be a trees are Hand land. guards for 28-days natural minimum of present, pulling, targeted Maintain a rest in late regeneratio 5 years, provide bird spot plants). 30-50 summer. 7- n after two maximum and spraying metre days on; years. Plant of 40 years. arboreal and weed Control native 56-days trees and mammal wiping are feral Apply vegetation rest in shrubs at nesting appropriate predators mosaic buffer autumn and the same boxes. weed including burning in around winter. density Monitor control foxes, small areas remnants Maintain evident in boxes measures. dogs, cats at to protect 80% local, good regularly and pigs. staggered Prevent against groundcove quality for pest intervals. weed Do not incursion r minimum grassy species Retain introduction push fallen by feral and a sward woodland such as unburnt through timber into predators, height of sites. Noisy areas. adopting stacks or weeds and 10cm at all Miners and Use high good windrows spray drift. times. Ensure that Indian quality hygiene as these Protect appropriate Mynas. Ban seed, of measures form paddock weed firewood local If fallen and harbours trees with control provenance timber has minimising for foxes, collection fencing. measures if possible. been soil rabbits and and bush follow any Avoid soil removed disturbance cats. rock Do not burning compaction from . removal. allow a full activity. from remnant canopy to Don’t Retain vehicles/ma sites, add develop stockpile standing chinery or coarse (which may topsoil dead trees stock woody shade out within and fallen camps. debris (e.g. understorey remnant timber. recycled Avoid species). areas. untreated Protect herbicide Please timbers) to Use from road and seek advice provide machinery widening pesticide from your habitat. hygiene and application local NRM protocols maintenanc in or near organisatio Monitor and e activities. remnants. n for advice and monitor for on manage Do not Avoid managing densities of weeds permit cultivation, canopy Eastern afterwards, commercial ripping and species Grey including apiarists to excavation. densities. Kangaroos. when place bee ripping to Don’t allow hives within control the remnant 3k of the rabbits. to become remnant. overly shrubby. Eucalyptus tall open forests and open forests with ferns, herbs, sedges, rushes or wet tussock grasses vegetation profile

77.99% Remaining

Commonly found species within this community Eucalyptus obliqua; Eucalyptus radiata; Eucalyptus viminalis; Eucalyptus fastigata; Eucalyptus cypellocarpa; Eucalyptus globulus; Ozothamnus ferrugineus; Acacia verticillata; Dicksonia antarctica; Cyathea australis; Leucopogon lanceolatus; Coprosma quadrifida; Olearia lirata; Tetrarrhena juncea; Poa labillardierei; Dianella tasmanica; fern; tussock grass; forb; rush.

Management recommendations Protection Sustainable Rehabilitati Fire Wildlife Weed Feral Disease Agricultural on Manageme Manageme Manageme Animal Manageme Practice nt nt nt Manageme nt nt Create Protect Link Please Re- Eradicate Manage buffer isolated fragments seek advice introduce and prevent exotic pests zones canopy with other from your habitat reinvasion including around trees. remnants to local NRM features of weeds foxes, remnants. increase organisatio including such as goats, connectivity n prior to rocks and English ivy, rabbits and Control and . undertaking logs at Japanese feral pigs. regulate any fire previously honeysuckl public Undertake Manage manageme disturbed e, English access into restoration foxes and nt. sites. holly, remnants, works to rabbits barberry, including restore Manage simultaneo firethorn mountain natural fuel loads usly to broom, bikes, trail hydrology in avoid foxes blackberry, bikes where surroundin switching to bridal and appropriate. g areas and predation creeper, vehicles. remove on native Use locally Chilean weeds. species, or Avoid run- sourced needle increases

Eucalyptus open forests with a shrubby understorey vegetation profile

82.63% Remaining

Commonly found species within this community Eucalyptus dives; Eucalyptus macrorhyncha; Eucalyptus obliqua; Eucalyptus sieberi; Eucalyptus mannifera; Eucalyptus polyanthemos; Eucalyptus radiata; Cassinia aculeata; Grevillea alpina; Leptospermum continentale; Brachyloma daphnoides; Daviesia latifolia; Joycea pallida; Dianella tasmanica; Poa sieberiana; tussock grass; rush; shrub.

Management recommendations Protection Sustainable Rehabilitati Fire Wildlife Weed Feral Disease Agricultural on Manageme Manageme Manageme Animal Manageme Practice nt nt nt Manageme nt nt Create Minimise Minimise If few, or no Hand Manage native spray drift disturbance hollow pulling, foxes, vegetation from to see if bearing spot rabbits, buffers adjacent natural trees are spraying cats, feral around agricultural regeneratio present and weed pigs and remnants lands. n occurs. then place wiping are deer. with nest boxes appropriate Fence If there is Manage indigenous for weed remnants no evidence foxes and species. mammals control adjacent to of rabbits and birds measures. Protect agricultural regeneratio simultaneo on larger remnants lands. n, plant Prevent usly to trees within from indigenous weed avoid foxes remnants. clearing. species introduction switching to Monitor from locally through predation Protect boxes sourced maintaining on native from regularly seed. hygiene species, incursion (once every Plantings protocols or by trail three should and increases bikes, months) to replicate minimising in rabbit mountain check for the soil populations bikes and composition invasive disturbance . other and species, . vehicles. structure such as found in Indian Ban bush nearby high Myna. rock and quality fallen Ensure remnants timber fencing is sharing removal. wildlife similar soils friendly. No Retain and electrical hollow- aspects. fencing of bearing bottom trees, and strand, and protect no barbed standing wire. dead trees. Eucalyptus open forests with a grassy understorey vegetation profile

54.75% Remaining

Commonly found species within this community Eucalyptus goniocalyx; Eucalyptus pauciflora; Eucalyptus dives; Eucalyptus macrorhyncha; Eucalyptus polyanthemos; Eucalyptus nortonii; Eucalyptus dalrympleana; Cassinia aculeata; Cassinia longifolia; Acacia dealbata; Pimelea linifolia; Hardenbergia violacea; Epilobium billardierianum; Joycea pallida; Poa sieberiana; Austrostipa scabra; tussock grass; rush; forb.

72.65% Remaining

Commonly found species within this community Eucalyptus ovata; Eucalyptus obliqua; Eucalyptus leucoxylon; Eucalyptus pauciflora; Eucalyptus baxteri; Eucalyptus dives; Eucalyptus viminalis; Melaleuca squarrosa; Leptospermum continentale; Calytrix tetragona; Xanthorrhoea australis; Acacia verticillata; Drosera peltata; Lepidosperma carphoides; Hypolaena fastigiata; Tetratheca ciliata; Gahnia radula; Neurachne alopecuroidea; forb; sedge; tussock grass; rush.

Management recommendations Protection Sustainable Rehabilitati Fire Wildlife Weed Feral Disease Agricultural on Manageme Manageme Manageme Animal Manageme Practice nt nt nt Manageme nt nt Purchase Manage Do not plant Please If few, or no Hand Control high quality grazing trees/ seek hollow pulling, feral remnants practices shrubs into advice from bearing spot grazers into including good your local trees are spraying (deer, reservation. avoiding condition, NRM present and weed rabbits, Encourage high- or derived organisatio then place wiping are goats) and uptake of intensity set grassland n prior to nest boxes appropriate erect conservatio stocking. sites. undertaking for weed fences n Limit or any fire mammals control where Replant agreement exclude manageme and birds measures. appropriate native, s and grazing nt actions. on larger (e.g. of indigenous Prevent covenants during trees within stock species if A minimum weed on private drought remnants. dams, the site fire interval introduction land. periods and Monitor individual shows no of five through Maintain a during boxes guards for signs of years, maintaining 30–50 spring and regularly highly natural maximum hygiene metre summer (once every palatable regeneratio of 40 years protocols native when native three young n after two is and vegetation ground months) to plants). years. Plant recommen minimising buffer cover is in check for trees and ded. soil Control around flower or invasive shrubs at disturbance feral remnants seed. Apply species, the same . predators Temperate tussock grasslands

7.30% Remaining

Commonly found species within this community Themeda triandra; Allocasuarina verticillata; Poa sieberiana; Poa labillardierei; Austrodanthonia caespitosa; Acacia melanoxylon; Eucalyptus camaldulensis; Acacia paradoxa; Elymus scaber; Austrodanthonia setacea; other grass; tussock grass; forb.

Management recommendations Protection Sustainable Rehabilitati Fire Wildlife Weed Feral Disease Agricultural on Manageme Manageme Manageme Animal Manageme Practice nt nt nt Manageme nt nt Encourage Prevent Consult Please Ensure any Manage Undertakin uptake of trampling your local seek advice fencing of weeds g baiting for conservatio and NRM from your remnants is including foxes and n excessive Organisatio local NRM wildlife Chilean cats. agreements grazing n for advice organisatio friendly, Needle Ensure and pressure. on n prior to is not Grass, grass covenants appropriate undertaking electrified African Graze 3 dependent on private revegetatio any fire and does Lovegrass, days on; fauna are land. n manageme not contain Serrated 28 days not affected methods. nt barbed Tussock Purchase rest period. by feral actions. wire. Grass and good Rehabilitate animal Totally St John's quality sites with trapping/re exclude Wort. remnants locally moval grazing into sourced Avoid program. during reservation seed. adverse spring and where Monitor impacts summer possible. closely to from flowering ensure that chemicals Remnants and