Ch. 13: the Expansion of American Industry

Ch 13 & 14 Name______Per______Date______Ch. 13: The Expansion of American Industry Section 1: A Technological Revolution (456-465) Terms & People Patent:

Productivity:

Transcontinental Railroad:

Bessemer Process:

Mass Production:

Thomas Edison:

George Westinghouse:

Samuel F.B. Morse:

Alexander Graham Bell:

Main Ideas 1) Why did people’s daily lives change in the decades following the Civil War?

2) How did advances in electric power and communication affect life for people and businesses?

3) What effects did the development of railroads have on American culture?

4) What was the impact of the Bessemer process on American culture? Section 2: The Growth of Big Business (467-472) Terms and People Social Darwinism:

Oligopoly:

Monopoly:

Cartel:

Vertical Consolidation:

Economies of Scale:

Trust:

Sherman Antitrust Act:

John D. Rockefeller:

Andrew Carnegie:

Main Ideas 1) Why were American industrialists of the late 1800’s called both “robber barons” and “captains of industry”?

2) How did social Darwinism affect Americans’ views on big business?

3) In what ways did big businesses differ from small businesses?

4) How did industrialists gain a competitive edge over their rivals?

Section 3: Industrialization and Workers (473-476) Terms and People Piecework:

Sweatshop: Division of Labor:

Frederick Winslow Taylor:

Jacob Riis:

Main Ideas 1) What factors led to a growing American work force between1860 and 1900?

2) What was factory work like at the turn of the century?

3) Why was it necessary for entire families to work?

Section 4: The Great Strikes (477-483) Terms & People Socialism:

Communist Manifesto:

Knights of Labor:

Craft Union:

Collective bargaining:

IWW-Wobblies:

Eugene V. Debs:

Industrial Union:

Anarchist:

Haymarket Riot: Homestead Strike:

Pullman Strike:

Main Ideas 1) What impact did industrialization have on the gulf between rich and poor?

2) What were the goals of the early labor unions in the United States?

3) Why did Eugene V. Debs organize the American Railway Union?

4) What were the causes and outcomes of the major strikes in the late 1800’s?

Ch. 14: Looking to the West Section 1: Moving West (488-490) Terms & People Push Pull Factors:

Pacific Railway Acts:

Morrill Land-Grant Act:

Land Speculators:

Homestead Act:

Exoduster:

Main Ideas 1) What conditions lured people to migrate to the West? 2) Where did the western settlers come from?

3) How did the American frontier shift westward?

Section 2: Conflict with Native Americans Terms and People Great Plains:

Nomad:

Reservation:

Chief Joseph:

The Sand Creek Massacre:

Battle of Little Bighorn:

George Armstrong Custer:

Ghost Dance:

Massacre at Wounded Knee:

Assimilation:

Dawes Act:

Boomers:

Sooners:

Main Ideas 1) What caused changes in the life of the Plains Indians?

2) Why were Indian treaties often unsuccessful? 3) How did the battlefield challenges affect the Indian Wars?

4) Describe two major federal assimilation policies.

Section 3: Mining, Ranching, and Farming (498-506) Terms and People Placer Mining:

Long Drive:

Homesteader:

Soddie:

Dry Farming:

Bonanza Farm:

Turner Thesis:

Main Ideas 1) How did mining spread in the West?

2) What caused the western cattle boom?

3) What was life like for a cowboy on the Chisholm Trail?

4) What hardships did homesteaders face? 5) What kinds of stereotypes were created about the Old West?

Section 4: Populism (507-512) Terms & People Money Supply:

Deflation:

Monetary Policy:

Bimetallic Standard:

Free Silver:

Bland-Allison Act:

Sherman Silver Purchase Act:

The Grange:

Interstate Commerce Act:

Populist:

Main Ideas 1) Why did farmers complain about federal post-Civil War economic policies?

2) How did the government respond to organized protests by farmers?

3) What were the Populists’ key goals?

4) What was the main point of William Jennings Bryan’s Cross of Gold speech?