STUDY GUIDE for TEST: VUS 3-5D a New Nation

Name ______Date ______

STUDY GUIDE for TEST: VUS 3-5d – “A New Nation”

1. What was the Enlightenment Movement? Who were the Enlightenment Philosophers?

2. What is the social contract?

3. Complete the Table by adding to the “bullet points”:

Who?  Thomas Paine Thomas Jefferson WorkTitle? Two Treatises on Government   Key Ideas? Urged Separation from   Britain

“That to secure these rights, All original power resides  governments are instituted among in the people, and they men, deriving their just powers from consent to enter into a the consent of the governed…” “social contract” among themselves to form a government to protect their rights. In return, the people promise to obey the laws and rules established by their government, establishing a system of “ordered liberty.”  Jefferson then went on to detail many of the grievances against the king that  Paine had earlier described in Common Sense.

4. What were the primary causes of the French and Indian War? 5. What were the key results of the French and Indian War?

6. What was the purpose of the Stamp Act, Townshend Acts and the Tea Act?

Matching: match the incident to the description: by drawing a line to connect the two

7. Proclamation of 1763  Colonial Militia who first fought the British at Lexington/ Concord  all thirteen colonies sent representatives, the first time the colonies 8. Boston Massacre had acted together  passed to punish Boston for the Boston Tea Party, it included 9. Boston Tea Party closing the port of Boston, the Quartering of Soldiers, and revoking the charter 10. Intolerable Acts  when British troops fired on anti-British demonstrators.  When colonists expressed their disapproval of British tax policies by 11. First Continental Congress destroying the East India Tea Company’s property.  This meeting of colonial delegates voted to declare independence. 12. Second Continental Congress  This act forbade the colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains after the French and Indian War. 13. Minutemen

14. What were the key beliefs of the:

PATRIOTS LOYALISTS

15. What battle marked the beginning of the Revolutionary War?

The Turning Point?

The End?

16. What is the significance of the following battles of the Revolution?

Breed’s/Bunker Hill:

Trenton(look in your book):

17. What factors enabled the Colonies to win their independence/Britain to lose hold of the Colonies? 18. What Revolutionary roles were played by:

Patrick Henry?

George Washington?

Ben Franklin?

King George III?

19. What were the key weaknesses of the government under the Articles of Confederation?

Why did the Founders make it so weak?

20. What did James Madison do at the Constitutional Convention?

21. What role did George Washington play at the Constitutional Convention?

Matching: Match the term with its description in the table below!

_____Federalism (a) National laws are the highest laws of the land, especially the U.S. Constitution (b) Division of power between the national government and the state governments _____Checks and Balances (c) Dividing the governing powers of the national government between three branches of government _____Supremacy Clause (d) This branch of government makes the laws (e) This branch of government enforces the laws _____Senate (f) This branch of government interprets the laws (g) This system ensures that no branch of government will have too much power as _____ Bill of Rights each branch has certain powers over the others. (h) This is the lower house of Congress, elected directly by the people and _____ Great Compromise representation by state is based on population. (i) This is the upper house of Congress, where each state has equal number of _____3/5 Compromise votes. (j) This is the First 10 Amendments of the Constitution, which lists the basic liberties _____Separation of Powers of Americans. (k) This plan at the Constitutional Convention called for a weak national government _____ Virginia Plan where each state would have equal representation. (l) This plan at the Constitutional Convention called for representation in the _____Executive Branch national government to be based on the population of the states. (m) This was the agreement to have a bicameral legislature, with one house’s _____Legislative Branch representation based on population and the other have equal representation by each state. _____Judicial Branch (n) This provision dictated how slaves would be counted in the States for the purposes of representation in the government. _____House of Representatives

_____New Jersey Plan 22. What does ratification mean?

Identify the following statement as describing a “F” Federalist would say, or an “A” Anti-Federalist:

______A. They believed a strong national government would tend to usurp the powers of the state governments, thereby concentrating too much power at the national level and too little at the state and local levels.

______B. They favored a strong national government that shared some power with the states.

______C. They believed that a strong national government was necessary to facilitate interstate commerce and to manage foreign trade, national defense, and foreign relations.

______D. They argued that a republic could survive in a territory as large as the United States because the numerous political factions would check each other, thereby preventing any one faction from gaining too much power.

______E. They argued that a national Bill of Rights would be redundant, because the Constitution itself protected basic rights, and because most states already had bills of rights that clearly defined basic rights that the governments could not abolish.

______F. During the ratifying conventions in several states, forced a pledge that a Bill of Rights would be the first order of business of the new government established by the Constitution.

______G. They argued that the checks and balances in the Constitution prevented any one of the three branches from acquiring preponderant power.

______H. They believed that a national Bill of Rights was necessary.

23. Who was the primary author of the Bill of Rights?

24. What were the key aspects of Virginia’s Declaration of Rights? Who wrote it? (look it up)

25. What were the key aspects of the Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom? Who wrote it? (look it up)