Lesson 1 Healthy Skin, Hair, and Nails

Chapter 13

Personal Health Care Lesson 1 Healthy Skin, Hair, and Nails

Skin  the ______organ of the body  has 2 main layers: o ______– the outer, thinner layer of the skin that is composed of ______and ______cells . cells in this layer make substances called ______which make the skin ______ helps the body maintain a proper balance of ______and ______ ______, a pigment that gives the skin, hair, and iris of the eyes their ______and protects body from harmful ______radiation is also produced here o ______– the thicker layer of the skin beneath the epidermis that is made up of connective tissue (gives skin its elasticity) and contains blood vessels (supply cells with oxygenated ______and ______and help remove ______from body cells) and nerves  ______glands – produce an oily secretion called ______→ helps keep skin and hair from drying out o ______layer – a layer of ______and connective tissue below the dermis that attaches the top two layers to muscle and bone

Functions of the Skin  ______ from pathogens and internal damage  acts as a barrier to prevent ______and ______from entering your system  skin repairs itself  ______ body temperature increases → blood vessels in skin ______, allowing heat to escape through the skin’s ______ ______– structures within the dermis that release ______through ducts to pores on the skin’s surface – cool the skin  body temperature drops → blood vessels ______, reducing the amount of heat lost and helping to ______body heat  ______ body’s major sense organ  ______cells in dermis act as receptors that are stimulated by changes in the outside environment → enable you to feel ______, ______, ______and ______

Keeping Your Skin Healthy  Wash your face every ______and ______with mild soap and water.  ______washing, bathing, or showering help remove and slow the growth of ______that cause body odor.  Avoid touching your face with your ______. This can introduce new ______to the skin’s surface.  Choose personal skin care products carefully to avoid ______and the chance of ______reaction.  Follow a ______eating plan that is rich in vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin A. Milk, green and yellow vegetables, and liver are good for healthy skin.

UV Protection  a suntan is a sign that the skin has been ______by UV rays  melanin production ______when skin is exposed to UV rays → skin’s way of trying to ______itself  prolonged exposure to UV rays can lead to ______ ways to protect yourself: o Always wear sunscreen on exposed areas of skin . use SPF ______or higher that blocks UVB and UVA rays . apply ______minutes before going outside o wear protective clothing – hats, long-sleeved shirts and long pants . UV rays most ______between 10:00 A.M. and 4:00 P.M. – even stronger at higher altitudes o wear sunglasses o ______using tanning beds

Body Piercing and Tattooing  both carry potential risks because they ______the physical barrier of the skin  can transfer a ______infection or blood-borne pathogen from viruses like ______B and C and HIV through ______needles  oral piercings can ______your mouth and teeth  may impact social health by limiting future job ______and relationships

Common Skin Problems  Acne  ______in skin gets clogged, ______causes inflammation, pus forms  treatment: wash face ______daily, apply over-the-counter treatments, avoid using ______products or too much makeup  touching and picking may cause ______ extreme cases may require prescription meds  Warts  cause by a ______ most commonly on hands, feet and face  spread through ______contact with another person’s wart  Dermatitis, or eczema  inflamed or scaly patch of skin, usually from an allergic reaction  keep area ______to help reduce irritation  prescription meds may be used to treat dermatitis  Fungal infections  ringworm and athlete’s foot can spread by contact with skin or infected clothing, or in public showers  keep infected area ______and ______and treat with over-the-counter medicines  Boils  form when ______(sacs or cavities that surround the roots of hairs) become infected  tissue is inflamed and pus forms  bursting or squeezing them can ______infection  treatment: draining pus and taking ______ ______ patches of skin lose melanin and have no pigment  areas extremely susceptible to burning when exposed to ______ Moles  most are ______ certain types may develop into ______– the most serious form of skin cancer which can be deadly  ______detection and treatment are critical in controlling the spread of the cancer  regularly check the appearance of moles looking for: . A – ______: no matching halves . B – ______: suspect moles have irregular edges . C- ______: intensely black , with possible bluish tint, uneven color . D – ______: wider across than a pea Hair  ______skin from UV radiation and helps maintain body heat  grows on every surface of skin except ______and ______of ______ more than ______hairs on your head  although hair is composed of ______cells, living cells in epidermis make new hairs and cause hair growth  ______and ______protect eyes from dust and other particles  healthy hair begins with well-balanced diet  daily ______keeps dirt from building up and helps distribute natural oils  regular ______keeps hair healthy  limit harsh chemical treatments such as dyes, bleach, or permanents  avoid excessive use of heating irons or hot combs

Hair Problems  ______ dead skin cells that are shed as sticky white flakes when the scalp becomes too dry  usually can be treated with over-the-counter dandruff ______ Head lice  tiny parasitic ______that live in the scalp hair of humans  feed on ______by biting through skin  can infect anyone  mainly ______by head-to-head contact or by using objects (brushes, hats, combs) used by an infected person  medicated shampoo is used to kill them  ______sheets, pillowcases, combs and hats with hot water and soap  vacuum frequently

 Nails  help ______fingers and toes  made up of closely packed dead cells containing ______ cells beneath the root of the nail divide and multiply, causing the nail to ______ keep nails clean and evenly ______→ helps prevent split nails, hangnails and ingrown toenails  cuts, splits, or breaks in the skin around the nail allows pathogens into the body and may lead to ______and ingrown nails  keep nails short to reduce risk of ______under the nails