Juniperus Communis Common Juniper, Relatively Salt Tolerant NOTE

EVERGREENS Lab 2/04/14

Juniperus communis Common Juniper, relatively salt tolerant NOTE Foliage is sharp dull yellow green to deep blue green turning brownish in winter. Gets mites and bagworm

Juniperus horizontalis Creeping Juniper, ground cover and is unusually tolerant of de-icing salt. Foliage has the same colors as the previous ones. Can get twig blight and mites. Cultivars `Douglasii' a low creeper less than a foot high blue green color commonly used in Duluth. `Emerald spreader' same with rich green foliage. `Wiltonii' (Blue Rug) is the lowest form and used frequently in Duluth.

Larix laricina Tamarack, is very well adapted to wet soil. Tamarack is a deciduous conifer, it turns a bright yellow in the fall and loses it’s needles. Most of the Larch planted in yards will be European species Larix decidua or Larix kaempferi. You will all get this correct on the I.D. test.

Microbiota decussata , Siberian Cyprus, is low growing 6-8" and 6' spread. Has few pest or disease problems. Med green color in the summer and bronze in the winter. This plant is still new on the market so is only found in the newest books. Microbiota is planted around the old greenhouse.

Picea abies Norway Spruce, foliage deep green needles, pendulous branches 6" cylindrical cones. Fairly trouble free, see them at the episcopal church at the bottom of Glenwood. Pruning not necessary unless used as a hedge (do yourself a favor and don't) Cvs range from the full size type seen around Duluth to some dwarf rock garden varieties.

Picea glauca White Spruce, a common native people will leave it in the yard when it predates the house or comes up from seed. White Spruce are not often used in landscape plantings. Few cvs, one we see is Picea glauca var. densata Black Hills Spruce has heavier needles and is often used in shelter belts.

Picea pungens Blue Spruce, needles 1.2" long dull green to silvery blue and everything in between. Can get some insect and mite damage. Forma glauca is the blue variety `globosa' is a dwarf form 1 meter tall after 20-30 years. these are good accent trees in the landscape. Don't come true from seed need to be grafted if you want the "blue". 2

Pinus mugo dense foliage needles 1.5 to 3 inches long, usually trouble free if pruned trim candles not into old growth. The very compact forms are vegetatively propagated `Compacta' select unsheared plants that have maintained a compact form for several years.

Pinus nigra Black Pine, Austrian Pine, needles 3-6 inches long. Cones 3" long. Young form much like a red pine. Can get twig blight (Diplodia), drops cones.

Pinus resinosa deep green needles 4-10 inches long. Tree requires no maintenance. Few diseases, no varieties, and very few cvs.

Pinus strobus White Pine, fine textured soft needles in fascicles of 5 great where there are no currant bushes that carry White Pine blister rust. This tree is very sensitive to road salt. Cvs `Fastigiata' tall narrow almost columnar, `Nana' densely compact dwarf, (rock garden) `Pendula' strongly pendulous.

Pinus sylvestris Scots Pine, used as Christmas trees, branch bark orange, if used as a screen it needs to be pruned, `Beuvronensis' very dwarf and pillowlike, `fastigiata' tall and narrow, several other forms.

Taxus cuspidata Japanese Yew, best in light shade, needles rich green more succulent than other evergreens, seed surrounded by a scarlet aril, poison! The seed inside the aril is very toxic.` Capitata' is the upright pyramidal form like the wild type, `Nana' is the dwarf Japanese Yew.

Thuja occidentalis Eastern White Cedar, dark green to golden. Many cvs gets bagworms, mites and scale, winter damage from snow and ice. Pruning rarely necessary except to repair damage and for hedges. `Douglasii pyramidalis' tall and narrow. `Globosa' globe form slow growing`Techny` tall vigorous pyramidal dark green often used in Duluth.

Tsuga canadensis Canada Hemlock, needles .7" long or less. Can get mites. Good in cool, moist situations. Best for hedges. 20 cvs ranging from prostrate to weeping to tall pyramidal.