2007 Kern County Wheat Variety Performance Trial

University of California Cooperative Extension KERN FIELD CROPS Kern County • 1031 S. Mt. Vernon Avenue • Bakersfield, CA 93307 • 661-868-6218

October 2007

The 2007 California wheat crop was 608,000 acres including 65,000 acres of Durum wheat. Non-durum acreage increased by 90,000 acres, a 21% from 2006. Durum wheat acreage increased by 34%, some 23,000 acres. This was the largest wheat planting since 2004. PR 1404 (88,500 acres), Summit (79,300 acres) and Cal Rojo (49,600 acres) were the leading red wheat cultivars by acreage. This represents a large change in variety preference. PR 1404 and Cal Rojo plantings increase by 106,000 acres. Blanca Grande (124,200 acres) dominated white wheat acreage. Kronos (23,500) and Platinum (21,000 acres) were the leading durum varieties. White wheat acreage decreased slightly. Platinum was the most widely planted Durum wheat in the San Joaquin Valley.

Cereal grain variety evaluations were conducted at multiple locations throughout California. The Kern County results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The tests included advanced breeding lines but only the top yielding experimental variety is included in these tables. Multi-site/year averages and additional information are included in an Agronomy Progress report published annually. Copies are available at the local county extension office or on the web at http://agric.ucdavis.edu/crops/cereals/cereal.htm.

Varietal differences in Stripe Rust resistance, based on observations from the 2005 University of California statewide variety tests, are as follows:

Highly Susceptible: Anza, Express, Summit, Yecora Rojo, Blanca Grande, Solano

Susceptible: Clear White

Resistant: Blanca Fuerte, Cal Rojo, Dash 12, Expresso, Joaquin, Otis, Patwin

Average grain protein content ranged from 12.4% to 15.1%. Solano, Joaquin and Expresso produced the highest loaf volumes and overall bread score. Nine entries produced the maximum bread score. Lodging and shatter varied by location. University of California and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating. Table 1. 2007 Kern County Durum Wheat Variety Trial Results.

†Barley Cultivar Yield Test Wt Black Plant †Lodging Yellow Point Height Dwarf Virus -- lbs/acre -- -- lbs/bu -- -inches - Sevevo 8160 65.2 1.0 40 2.8 1.0 DuraKing 7880 63.3 1.0 35 1.3 1.0 Topper 7700 65.1 1.5 39 1.3 1.0 Crown 7590 61.2 1.5 40 1.0 1.0 Mohawk 7580 64.1 1.0 35 2.5 1.0 RSI 59 7560 63.7 1.5 36 1.0 1.0 Desert King 7540 64.7 2.0 38 1.0 1.0 Q-Max 7510 61.6 1.0 39 1.3 1.3 Sargolla 7510 63.4 1.5 37 1.3 1.3 Platinum 7470 63.6 1.5 34 1.0 1.0 Kronos 7400 62.8 1.0 38 2.0 1.3 Maestrale 7120 64.4 1.5 38 3.3 1.0 RSI 64 6360 62.1 1.0 35 1.0 1.0 ††WWW D1636 7540 62.4 1.5 41 2.0 1.0

Mean 7250 63.5 1.3 37 1.4 134 CV % 6.2 0.8 30.9 4.2 60.4 1834

LSD0.05 630 1.1 ns 2 1.2 0.4

†Ratings scale for diseases (area of flag leaf affected) and lodging: 1 = 0-3%, 2 = 4-14%, 3 = 15-29%, 4 = 30-49%, 5 = 50-69%, 6 = 70-84%, 7 = 85-95%, 8 = 96-100%. ††Top yielding experimental variety included for comparison.

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University of California and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating. Table 2. 2007 Kern County Common Wheat and Triticale Variety Trial Results.

Variety Yield Test Wt Plant †Lodging †Barley Yellow Height at harvest Dwarf Virus -- lbs/acre -- -- lbs/bu -- -inches - Wheat Joaquin 8040 64.6 37 1.0 1.0 Dash 12 7670 64.2 40 1.3 1.3 Blanca Fuerte 7410 65.7 34 1.0 1.0 Cal Rojo 7360 63.5 32 1.0 1.0 Anza 7250 63.4 37 1.5 1.5 Blanca Grande 7160 66.0 37 1.0 1.0 Solano 7150 63.1 35 1.5 1.5 Summit 7140 62.6 33 1.8 1.85 WWW BR6000W 7050 63.6 40 1.3 1.3 Express 6900 62.8 38 1.5 1.5 Patwin 6780 62.4 34 1.5 1.5 Expresso 6710 64.4 39 1.0 1.0 Mica 6630 62.0 42 1.8 1.8 Otis 6370 63.7 47 1.3 1.3 Clear White 6300 63.6 37 1.5 1.5 Yecora Rojo 6270 63.5 33 1.0 1.0 ††RSI 02W50076W 7640 64.0 33 1.3 1.0

Triticale Trical 105 8150 59.9 39 1.0 1.0 Trical 118 7860 59.5 .5 1.0 1.0 Trical 98 7160 57.0 34 1.0 1.0 Trical 116 6660 56.2 34 1.0 1.0

Mean 6890 63.0 37 1.2 1.2 CV % 6 0.7 3.6 52.9 37.1

LSD0.05 580 0.9 2 0.9 ---

†Ratings scale for diseases (area of flag leaf affected) and lodging: 1 = 0-3%, 2 = 4-14%, 3 = 15-29%, 4 = 30-49%, 5 = 50-69%, 6 = 70-84%, 7 = 85-95%, 8 = 96-100%. ††Top yielding experimental variety included for comparison.

Planted: December 7, 2006 Fertilizer: about 225# N total Seeding Rate: 1,200,000 seeds/acre Harvested: June 27, 2007

University of California and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating. 2007 Kern County Corn Silage Hybrid Performance Trial

Thirty-five hybrids were tested for silage yield. Seedling emergence and stand establishment were very good. There were no significant differences in plant population which averaged 38,000 plants per acre. Insects did not build to treatable levels. Silking and pollination occurred during a period of moderate air temperatures (between 90 and 100°). Yields were generally very good and ranged from 23 tons per acre to over 42 tons per acre. 1470 DD accumulated between planting and average silking date and an additional 841 until harvest. Harvest was timed for physiological maturity. Degree day calculations used 86°F and 50°F for maximum and minimum temperatures.

Field variability was greater than anticipated. Replications were blocked in the direction of the rows (north/south) however the soil variability was greater in the east to west direction. Nearest neighbors statistical analysis was used to adjust for this field variability. This process compares each plot to plots around it and how that area compares to the field average. An adjusted yield is calculated. Nearest neighbors can change the rank of varieties either up or down. For example, randomization placed all plots of Eureka Seed X4234RR in the eastern part of the plot area where overall yields were lower. Because this hybrid yielded higher than the neighboring plots but lower than the field average, its ranking and adjusted yield were increased. In contrast Eureka Seed 7566 RR ranking was lowered and NK NX 7976 remained the same.

For means to be considered significantly different they must have a difference greater than the Least Significant Difference (LSD) listed at the bottom of each column. For this trial any hybrid yielding more than 33.5 ton/acre would not be considered different from the highest yielding hybrid.

Test Location: UC Shafter REC Fertilization: 200 lbs N/acre Soil Type: Wasco Sandy Loam Planting Date: April 11 Row Spacing: 30” Harvest Date: July 25 Plots: 4 rows X 75 feet Irrigations: 17.5 inches plus pre-irrigation

Shafter REC Avg. Silking Date 110 100 90 F

p 80 Max m

e 70 T

i 60 A 50 40 30 3/31 4/15 4/30 5/15 5/30 6/14 6/29 7/14 7/29

University of California and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating. Table 3. Corn Silage Hybrid Trial Results.

Yield Brand Hybrid Silking Height Harvest Adjusted @ 70% Yield Date Moisture Moisture -- feet -- -- % -- - tons/acre - -tons/acre- BH Genetics BH 9024 6/30 9.5 75 25.1 29.8 BH Genetics BH 8881 7/2 9.6 75 28.7 30.4 BH Genetics BH 8505 6/25 9.9 75 27.4 32.9 Eureka Seed X4234RR 7/1 11.0 76 27.7 33.1 Eureka Seed X6033RR 6/28 9.5 74 24.3 33.1 Eureka Seed 7539RRYGP 6/28 9.0 72 23.3 28.6 Eureka Seed X5087RR 6/27 10.1 77 30.7 34.4 Eureka Seed 7679RR 6/28 9.6 73 26.0 27.4 Eureka Seed 7566RR 6/28 9.8 74 32.0 29.1 Eureka Seed 7634RR 6/30 10.0 75 28.8 28.3 Eureka Seed 7624RR 6/28 10.6 75 36.3 29.8 Golden Harvest H-9637 7/1 10.9 78 38.1 37.7 Laser L-9H22RR 6/28 11.4 77 42.8 37.3 Garst 8248RR 6/26 11.6 73 34.0 26.9 Garst 8287RR 6/23 10.8 72 30.4 23.9 Garst 8270RR 6/27 10.0 76 33.1 29.6 Garst 8285 6/30 10.8 72 35.6 36.3 NK NX8536 6/26 9.4 75 32.9 34.4 NK NX8436 6/27 10.5 77 34.2 32.1 NK NX7976 6/28 10.5 74 32.8 32.5 NK L78-U7 6/29 10.5 74 38.5 37.5 Harvest Bounty 9671R 6/27 10.9 74 40.9 46.2 Harvest Bounty 9682R 6/27 11.6 78 36.9 36.5 Mission M9112RR 6/28 10.6 72 32.4 26.0 Farm Supply SFS7C125C 6/24 11.0 75 39.4 44.6 Farm Supply SFS7C121C 6/28 11.5 77 34.6 29.4 Farm Supply SFS7C117C 6/29 10.3 73 36.3 31.1 Farm Supply SFS7C118C 6/30 11.0 76 41.0 34.0 Farm Supply FV7D117C 6/26 9.0 75 31.5 31.1 Farm Supply FV7B116C 6/28 9.5 75 26.4 25.8 Farm Supply FV7B116D 6/25 10.1 72 28.8 27.1 Farm Supply FV7B117C 6/26 9.6 73 31.5 26.1 Farm Supply FV7B125C 6/29 10.8 75 34.1 34.6 Farm Supply FV7G115D 6/24 10.6 71 27.4 29.5 Farm Supply FV7G116C 6/24 11.3 68 30.7 33.2

LSD0.05 4 days 1.8 4 9.3 9.3

University of California and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating. 2007 Kern County Sorghum Silage Variety Performance Trial Table 4. Sorghum Silage Variety Trial Results. Brand Variety Population Flowering Height Harvest Yield @ 70% Date Moisture moisture -heads/A- - in. - -- % -- - Tons/Acre - Eureka ST3500 69820 7/22 62 63 12.8 Eureka ST3600 71270 7/9 66 67 16.6 Golden Harvest EX44 66910 7/19 59 66 16.4 NK NK300 111990 6/10 36 55 4.6 NK KS585 109090 7/13 72 62 15.5 NK K73-J6 69816 7/6 61 63 13.7 Sorghum Partners 251 68360 7/22 64 70 18.4

LSD0.05 19310 4.5 days 6.5 3.5 4.6

Test Location: UC Shafter REC Fertilization: 200 lbs N/acre Soil Type: Wasco Sandy Loam Planting Date: May 2 Row Spacing: 30” Harvest Date: August 9 Plots: 4 rows X 50 feet Irrigations: 12.2 inches plus pre-irrigation

Brian Marsh, Farm Advisor/Center Director Cotton, Small Grains, Corn & Silage

University of California and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.