Medical Assistant Course Offered at Garden City and Ypsilanti Locations

There are 204 hours of combined classroom/lab and clinical rotation. Class Meeting Times: 3 days per week 4.5 hour classes for 16 weeks.5:00 PM – 9:30 PM Course Description This course is designed to fill the needs of students who desire the skills to work as a medical health care provider in hospitals, dialysis clinics, blood banks, emergency rooms and urgent care facilities. Students will learn skills that incorporate the following disciplines, phlebotomy, IV insertion, EKG lead placement and rhythm interpretation as well as hands on patient contact and assisting patients with personal care. Students will also earn their basic life support or (BLS) certificate from the American Heart Association. The student will learn to interpret the resting (and exercise) normal and abnormal EKG, as well as provide an overview of heart anatomy, function and neurophysiology. The learner is introduced to basic nursing care, resident rights, safety and emergency nursing procedures. Principles of therapeutic relationships and client care are presented as well as the legal/ethical issues related to nursing assistant practice. Students demonstrate competencies required to assist in giving basic nursing care to patients in long-term care agencies under the supervision of the instructor or licensed nursing staff. AIDS education and 104 lecture hours, 50 lab hours and 50 clinical hours. Phlebotomy is the study of skin puncture and venipuncture for the purpose of collecting blood for laboratory testing. The course includes principles of proper phlebotomy technique, specimen processing, patient care, maintenance and use of equipment, recordkeeping and basic principles of anatomy and physiology, disease process, therapeutic communication, hazardous materials management, and patient assessment. Students also earn their two year Basic Life Support certification as well as being eligible to sit for the National Health Careers Association Test for Certified Phlebotomy Technician., EKG with Telemetry Course Objectives Course Objectives:  To introduce students to the health care environment and profession.

 To introduce students to the basics in anatomy, physiology, medical terminology, infection control, safety and best practices in the healthcare field.

 To introduce students to the various mental health and social service needs of patients.

 To orient students to the skills necessary to assist patients with basic activities of daily living (ADLs). This program will prepare the student for an entry-level position as a patient care technician. Emphasis is on technical skills necessary to perform personal care to complex patients, implementation of selected portions of care plans, including respiratory services, cardiac services and rehabilitation services under the supervision of registered nurses.

1. Review the heart anatomy and cardiac cycle as they relate to the electrical conducting system. 2. Properly prepare a subject for a 12-lead EKG. 3. An understanding of cardiac muscle contraction. 4. A comprehensive analysis of the heart’s propagation of an action potential. 5. A comprehensive overview of EKG interpretation involving the recognition of the most common, life threatening and uncommon abnormalities associated with heart muscle failure and cardiac medication adverse reactions. This is a 60 hour class of two 6 hour classes for five weeks, consisting of lecture instruction on cardiology, electrocardiography and experiences in the interpretation of the 12 lead EKG using various multimedia (CD-ROM, software, power point, etc.). In addition, the EKG laboratory experiences and cases studies allow students the opportunity to incorporate the theoretical information into a practical atmosphere. Also, practical EKG questions and analytical thinking problems will be assigned throughout the semester.

This course is similar in content to the course that Physicians and Registered Nurses must complete upon hiring into hospitals. The course helps students to read and interpret ECG Lead Tracings. Students will learn; to interpret such rhythms as Atrial Fibrillation, Ventricular Tachycardia, Premature Ventricular and Atrial contractions, Type I, II and III heart blocks and many more. In addition students are trained in the mechanism of action regarding the biometabolism of heart medications such as beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers as well as cardiac glycosides. The renin-angiotensen cascade will be studied in relation to how high blood pressure affects cardiac muscles.

The course will cover the entire anatomy and physiology of the heart muscle, and delve into the rhythmicity and excitability of cardiac tissue. Students learn to correlate the different heart medications to specific cardiac rhythms. This course is much more in depth than the National Healthcareer Associations Study Guide for ECG Technician. The NHA was so impressed with the final exam which Professor Kimmel wrote that they approved the program immediately.

Professor Kimmel states: “This is a very serious course. Students who consider taking this course should have some prior experience in the medical field and direct patient care skills.” This course requires interpretation of actual rhythm strips. Although a telemetry technician’s interpretation will be reviewed by a registered nurse and physician, technicians should be aware that immediate changes in the cardiac rhythm could be fatal. With that said, students should be ready to perform CPR. This is a course that is designed for those with experience in the healthcare field and that have some familiarity with cardiac leads and telemetry. Students must purchase a caliper, which can be purchased at any uniform or medical supply store. For the ECG tracings, students should be able to print off the various strips to be interpreted. Students will need the calipers for their final exam.

Student Outcomes

At the completion of the course, the learner will be taught the skills to: 1. Demonstrate basic technical skills that facilitate an optimal level of functioning for the client, recognizing individual, cultural, and religious diversity. (Disciplinary Learning) 2. Provide personal care to clients. (Disciplinary Learning, Social and personal responsibility) 3. Identify psychosocial characteristics of all clients including persons with mental retardation, mental illness, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and related disorders. (Disciplinary Learning) 4. Incorporate principles and skills of restorative nursing in providing care. (Disciplinary Learning) 5. Demonstrate behaviors that maintain and respect client rights and promote clients’ independence, regardless of race, religion, life-style, sexual preference, disease process, or ability to pay. (Social and personal responsibility) 6. Use effective communication skills in order to function as a member of the nursing team. (Literacy) 7. Use procedures and techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms. (Disciplinary Learning, Social and personal responsibility) 8. Demonstrates the ability to identify and use safety and emergency procedures (Disciplinary Learning, Social and personal responsibility) 9. Deliver sensitive care to the dying patient and the family. (Social and personal responsibility) 10. Demonstrate knowledge of and is responsive to the laws and regulations that affect his/her practice including but not limited client abuse and neglect, client complaint procedures, workers right to know, and the Uniform Disciplinary Act. (Disciplinary Learning, Social and personal responsibility)

Course Outline

104 hours including 50 lab hours; 50 hours clinical rotation; totaling 204 hours.

I. Introduction: of education in the following prior to clinical rotations A. Communication and interpersonal skills 1. Communication in health care 2. Communicating with staff members 3. Guidelines for communicating with clients

B. Infection Control 1. Chain of infection 4. Bacterial infections 2. Body defenses 5. Guidelines for preventing infections 3. Viral infections 6. Self-care

C. Safety/emergency procedures, including the Heimlich maneuver 1. The client environment 3. Fire Safety 2. Safety measures 4. Nursing assistant safety

D. Guidelines for promoting the client’s independence

E. Respecting client’s rights 1. Resident’s rights and responsibilities 2. Providing privacy and maintaining confidentiality 3. Giving assistance in resolving grievances and disputes 4. Providing needed assistance in getting to and participating in facility activities 5. Maintaining care and security of personal belongings 6. Promoting the right to be free from abuse, mistreatment and neglect 7. Reporting any abusive treatment 8. Avoiding use of restraints in accordance with professional and facility standards

II. Basic Nursing Skills A. Taking and Recording Vital Signs 1. Body temperature a. Definitions of body temperature d. Clinical thermometers b. Temperature control e. Using oral and rectal thermometers c. Measuring body temperature f. Safe use of a glass thermometer 2. Pulse a. Sites for taking a pulse d. Rhythm and force of pulse b. Using a stethoscope e. Taking a radial pulse c. Pulse rate f. Taking an apical pulse 3. Respirations a. Abnormal respirations b. Counting respirations 4. Blood pressure a. Factors affecting blood pressure b. Equipment c. Measuring blood pressure

B. Measuring and Recording Height and Weight 1. Guidelines for obtaining accurate weight and height 2. Upright scale 4. Bed scale 3. Electronic scale 5. Chair scale

C. Caring for the Client’s Environment 1. Environment and nursing assistant safety 2. The client environment 3. Safety measures

D. Reporting and Recording Observations 1. Making observations 3. Documentation 2. Reporting changes in client condition

E. Caring for Dying Clients 1. Five stages of grief 6. Physical changes as death approaches 2. Preparation for death 7. Postmortem care 3. Client self-determination 8. Organ donation 4. Role of nursing assistant 9. Autopsy 5. Hospice care

III. Personal Care Skills A. Bathing 1. Guidelines for client bathing 5. Hand and fingernail care 2. Assisting with tub or shower bath 6. Foot care 3. Bed bath 7. Bed shampoo 4. Peri-care (male/female) B. Bedmaking – making the occupied and unoccupied bed

C. Grooming/Oral care 1. Routine oral care 4. Daily shaving 2. Special oral hygiene 5. Hair care 3. Denture care

D. Dressing 1. Guidelines for dressing and undressing the client 2. Use of assistive devices

E. Toileting 1. Elimination needs 4. Assisting with the bedside commode 2. Giving and removing a bedpan 5. Providing catheter care 3. Giving and removing a urinal

F. Maintaining and restoring musculo-skeletal function 1. Range of motion exercises 2. Care and use of prosthetic and orthotic devices 3. Methods of fall prevention

G. Assisting with eating and hydration 1. Nutritional needs and diet modifications 10. Recognizing signs of dehydration 2. Normal nutrition 11. Alternative nutrition 3. Essential nutrients 12. Measuring and recording intake and output 4. Six food groups 13. Proper feeding techniques 5. Basic diets a. feeding the client 6. Supplements and nourishment b. assisting the client with self-feeding 7. Recognizing weight loss c. use of assistive devices 8. Fluid balance d. feeding dependent client 9. Providing fresh water 14. Reporting weight loss, decreased food and fluid intake, and decreased urine output.

H. Skin care 1. Integumentary system structures 4. Skin lesions 2. Skin functions 5. Guidelines for preventing pressure ulcers 3. Aging changes

I. Positioning, moving, transferring, ambulating 1. Body mechanics for client and nursing assistant 2. Transfer skills – moving and lifting 3. Guidelines for safe transfers 4. Use of transfer belts 5. Use of assistive devices: cane, walker, crutches 6. Positioning a. Fowler’s position d. Prone position b. Supine position e. Sims’ position c. Side-lying (lateral) 7. Moving the client a. Moving client up on bed b. Moving client to side of bed 8. Transfers a. Bed to wheelchair – one person assist d. Tub transfers b. Stretcher transfers e. Car transfers c. Toilet transfers 9. Assisting the client to ambulate 10. Preventing falls

IV. Mental Health and Social Service Needs A. Nursing assistant’s response to client behavior 1. Care for the demanding client 4. Assisting the client to cope 2. Care for clients experiencing emotional distress 5. Reporting client concerns 3. Modifying own behavior in response to client behavior B. Meeting the spiritual and cultural needs of clients C. Awareness of developmental tasks associated with the aging process 1. Normal changes of aging 2. Developmental tasks of the elderly 3. Adaptations necessary to accommodate the aging process D. Allowing personal choices 1. Respect for human dignity 2. Safety issues 3. Exercise, activity, and recreation needs E. Recognizing the family as a source of emotional support 1. Traditions 2. Client/family teaching

F. Care of the cognitively impaired client 1. Techniques for addressing the unique needs and behaviors of client with dementia (Alzheimer’s disease and others) 2. Care for the emotionally stressed client 3. Mental health 4. Defense mechanisms 6. Alcoholism 7. The cognitively impaired client a. Communicating effectively c. Responding appropriately to behavior b. Understanding behavior d. Reducing effects of cognitive impairment

V. Basic Restorative Services A. Rehabilitation and restorative services B. Interdisciplinary health care team C. Principles of rehabilitation D. Training the client in self-care according to client abilities E. Complications of inactivity F. Restorative programs G. Guidelines for implementing restorative programs H. Use of assistive devices I. Bowel and bladder training

VI. CPR for Health Care Providers VII. HIV/AIDS

Students are to wear Olive Green Scrubs, Lab coat, have a watch with a second hand, BP/Cuff and Stethoscope. TB Test, Negative, Immunization Titers, Clear Michigan State Wide Background Check.

Scrubs, BP Cuff, Stethoscope, Lab Coat, Books, CPR included.

Textbooks & Materials 1. Michigan Model provided to all students 2. Phlebotomy Study Guide, by Nancy Lydia Kimmel published by KD Press, Pennsylvania 2. Optional for reference. Sorrentino, S. & Gorek, B. (2007). Mosby’s textbook for long-term care nursing assistants (5th Ed). Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby 3.. Resident’s Rights Handout (Provided in class) includes Public Health Code, MCL 333.21766, and Public Health Code MCL 333.20201

Course Requirements 1. A grade of “C” (2.0) or better is required to pass the course. 2. Active participation in class 3. Attendance is required.

Methods of Evaluation: Weekly quizzes; Final written and skills exam; Passing grade for clinical Grading Scale: Passing A = 90-100% A, 80-89% B, 70-79% C, below 70% is failing.