Closing the Skills Gap and Boosting U.S. Competitiveness Hearing Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation United State
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S. HRG. 115–152 CLOSING THE SKILLS GAP AND BOOSTING U.S. COMPETITIVENESS HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION MARCH 29, 2017 Printed for the use of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation ( U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 28–639 PDF WASHINGTON : 2018 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate Nov 24 2008 09:03 Feb 21, 2018 Jkt 075679 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 S:\GPO\DOCS\28639.TXT JACKIE SENATE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION JOHN THUNE, South Dakota, Chairman ROGER F. WICKER, Mississippi BILL NELSON, Florida, Ranking ROY BLUNT, Missouri MARIA CANTWELL, Washington TED CRUZ, Texas AMY KLOBUCHAR, Minnesota DEB FISCHER, Nebraska RICHARD BLUMENTHAL, Connecticut JERRY MORAN, Kansas BRIAN SCHATZ, Hawaii DAN SULLIVAN, Alaska EDWARD MARKEY, Massachusetts DEAN HELLER, Nevada CORY BOOKER, New Jersey JAMES INHOFE, Oklahoma TOM UDALL, New Mexico MIKE LEE, Utah GARY PETERS, Michigan RON JOHNSON, Wisconsin TAMMY BALDWIN, Wisconsin SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West Virginia TAMMY DUCKWORTH, Illinois CORY GARDNER, Colorado MAGGIE HASSAN, New Hampshire TODD YOUNG, Indiana CATHERINE CORTEZ MASTO, Nevada NICK ROSSI, Staff Director ADRIAN ARNAKIS, Deputy Staff Director JASON VAN BEEK, General Counsel KIM LIPSKY, Democratic Staff Director CHRIS DAY, Democratic Deputy Staff Director RENAE BLACK, Senior Counsel (II) VerDate Nov 24 2008 09:03 Feb 21, 2018 Jkt 075679 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 S:\GPO\DOCS\28639.TXT JACKIE C O N T E N T S Page Hearing held on March 29, 2017 ............................................................................ 1 Statement of Senator Thune ................................................................................... 1 Statement of Senator Nelson .................................................................................. 2 Statement of Senator Baldwin ................................................................................ 43 Statement of Senator Capito .................................................................................. 45 Statement of Senator Klobuchar ............................................................................ 47 Statement of Senator Cortez Masto ....................................................................... 49 Statement of Senator Markey ................................................................................. 50 Statement of Senator Inhofe ................................................................................... 52 Statement of Senator Duckworth ........................................................................... 54 Statement of Senator Cantwell .............................................................................. 56 Statement of Senator Blumenthal .......................................................................... 57 Statement of Senator Johnson ................................................................................ 59 WITNESSES John Ratzenberger, Actor, Director, and Founder, American Museum of Man- ufacturing ............................................................................................................. 4 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 6 Rory DeJohn, Senior Vice President, Turner Construction Company ................ 7 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 9 Colonel Michael Cartney, (USAF, Retired); President, Lake Area Technical Institute ................................................................................................................ 11 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 13 John J. Neely III, Vice President, Law and Public Affairs, Gulfstream Aero- space (A General Dynamics Company) .............................................................. 28 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 29 Judith Marks, Chief Executive Officer, Siemens USA ......................................... 34 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 36 APPENDIX Response to written questions submitted to Rory DeJohn by: Hon. Dean Heller .............................................................................................. 65 Hon. Maggie Hassan ........................................................................................ 65 Hon. Catherine Cortez Masto .......................................................................... 66 Response to written questions submitted to Colonel Michael Cartney by: Hon. Dean Heller .............................................................................................. 66 Hon. Todd Young .............................................................................................. 67 Hon. Tammy Baldwin ...................................................................................... 69 Hon. Maggie Hassan ........................................................................................ 72 Hon. Catherine Cortez Masto .......................................................................... 74 Response to written questions submitted to John J. Neely III by: Hon. Tammy Baldwin ...................................................................................... 76 Hon. Maggie Hassan ........................................................................................ 76 Hon. Catherine Cortez Masto .......................................................................... 77 Response to written questions submitted to Judith Marks by: Hon. Tammy Baldwin ...................................................................................... 77 Hon. Maggie Hassan ........................................................................................ 77 Hon. Catherine Cortez Masto .......................................................................... 80 (III) VerDate Nov 24 2008 09:03 Feb 21, 2018 Jkt 075679 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 S:\GPO\DOCS\28639.TXT JACKIE VerDate Nov 24 2008 09:03 Feb 21, 2018 Jkt 075679 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 S:\GPO\DOCS\28639.TXT JACKIE CLOSING THE SKILLS GAP AND BOOSTING U.S. COMPETITIVENESS WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 2017 U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION, Washington, DC. The committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:05 a.m. in room SD–G50, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. John Thune, Chair- man of the Committee, presiding. Present: Senators Thune [presiding], Fischer, Moran, Heller, Inhofe, Johnson, Capito, Gardner, Young, Nelson, Cantwell, Klobuchar, Blumenthal, Markey, Booker, Peters, Baldwin, Duckworth, Hassan, and Cortez Masto. OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. JOHN THUNE, U.S. SENATOR FROM SOUTH DAKOTA The CHAIRMAN. Well, good morning. We are here today to discuss a very important issue for the U.S. economy, and that’s the tech- nical skills gap among our workforce. According to multiple surveys, employers are actively looking for skilled workers to fill available, well-paying jobs and they simply can’t find them. As we will hear in detail from our witnesses today, there are numerous reasons for this, including a decline of tech- nical education programs in public high schools; an increase in the number of baby boomers approaching retirement; a negative per- ception of the manufacturing sector among some potential employ- ees, especially among those in younger generations; and an in- creased emphasis on 4-year college enrollment to the possible det- riment of more technical training. These factors and others are creating a skills gap that is most pronounced in industries requiring a labor force with technical skills, like manufacturing, construction, and the energy sector. In South Dakota, having a skill and being able to work with your hands is common for most folks. But that mentality was formed from necessity. In rural America, oftentimes, you need to be able to fix things for yourself when they break. Over time, this need has led to a natural respect for the men and women who focus their lives on those trades. In order for our coun- try to remain competitive, we need to promote this perspective and work together to highlight the importance of the skilled trades to the very foundation and strength of our economy. This hearing is intended to explore the causes of the skills gap but, just as importantly, highlight efforts by advocates and indus- try to address it. John Ratzenberger has put smiles on the faces (1) VerDate Nov 24 2008 09:03 Feb 21, 2018 Jkt 075679 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 S:\GPO\DOCS\28639.TXT JACKIE 2 of children and adults alike from his work on Cheers and numerous animated Disney Pixar movies. But today, he is here because of his passionate belief that America’s greatness is connected to our abil- ity to manufacture and his recognition that we need skilled work- ers. Getting young people interested in working with their hands and familiar with tools from a young age is an important first step. A focus on technical education is part of the solution. It is no surprise to