Level 3 Physical Education Internal Assessment Resource

Mount Hutt College Methven

Year 13 Physical Education Internal Assessment Resource and Assessment

‘Wear lids, pull skids’ – 3.7 Achievement Standard 91504 Analyse issues in safety management for outdoor activity to devise safety management strategies Credits: 3 Due: 21/7/2013

Name ______Teacher ______Internal Assessment Resource Achievement Standard Physical Education 91504: Analyse issues in safety management for outdoor activity to devise safety management strategies Resource reference: Physical Education 3.7 Resource title: ‘Wear lids, pull skids’ Credits: 3

Achievement Achievement with Merit Achievement with Excellence Analyse issues in safety Analyse, in depth, issues in Critically analyse issues in management for outdoor safety management for safety management for activity to devise safety outdoor activity to devise outdoor activity to devise management strategies. safety management safety management strategies. strategies. Student instructions

Introduction In this assessment activity you are required to write an article for an outdoor magazine in which you analyse the issues in safety management, in a scenario, either fictional or based upon actual events, as suggested by your teacher. You will then devise safety management strategies that are informed by your analysis. The resource you will use is: Accident Report Lynne Cee Canoe Flipped & Wrapped around a Rock resulting in 2 Fatalities on the Clarence River on 26 October 2001. You will be assessed on the extent to which you undertake a critical analysis of the safety management issues and devise strategies to address them. This is an individual assessment activity. You have one period a week of in-class and out-of-class time to complete it. The due date for your article is 12 July 2013. Task Read an article suggested by your teacher or one that you have negotiated with them.

Respond to it by writing your own article suitable for publishing in an outdoors magazine. In your article, comprehensively examine the issues in safety management that contributed to this scenario. See Student Resource for help with developing your article. Examine the wider implications or impacts of the factors that influence the issues, and the inter-relationship between the factors. Note that relevant and wider implications may include physical and emotional safety, and sociocultural, environmental, philosophical, ethical, perceived risk, and so on. You also need to evaluate the issues raised in your article in terms of their relative importance, and question and challenge the practices used in the scenario relating to outdoor safety in the outdoors. Evaluate the issues in safety management that you have identified in terms of their relative importance. For example, what issues do you consider to be the most/least important to this scenario? Question and challenge assumptions and practices relating to safety management in outdoor situations. How and why does thinking need to change? Devise strategies that would have addressed (eliminated or minimised) the safety management issues that you have identified. Justify the strategies, giving reasons for your suggested use of them.

WIDER IMPLICATIONS WIDER IMPLICATIONS Assessment schedule: Physical Education 91504 Ready for anything

Evidence/Judgements for Achievement Evidence/Judgements for Achievement with Evidence/Judgements for Achievement with Merit Excellence The student analyses issues in safety The student analyses, in depth, issues in safety The student critically analyses issues in safety management for outdoor activity to devise safety management for outdoor activity to devise safety management for outdoor activity to devise safety management strategies. They have done this by: management strategies. They have done this by. management strategies. They have done this by:  examining issues in safety management  examining the wider implications and/or  critically analysing the issues in safety inherent in the proposed scenario, impacts of factors influencing safety management inherent in the proposed considered factors that influence the management (such as sociocultural, scenario, considered factors (sociocultural, issues, and devised safety management environmental, philosophical, and ethical environmental, philosophical, ethical) that strategies to address the identified issues. factors), influence the issues, and evaluated these  devising safety management strategies to issues in terms of their relative importance. For example: address the identified issues.  devising safety management strategies to The hikers described in the scenario did not carry For example: address the identified issues.  questioning and challenging taken-for- water during their tramp and had only food bars to Peter had never tramped before, so he would granted assumptions and practices relating eat. This lack of water and food contributed to not have had an understanding of what he to safety management and outdoor Peter’s hypothermia and eventual death. He could needed to be prepared for. He had inadequate activities. The evidence they have provided have eliminated dehydration by carrying water and food and water, and had bare legs and wore with their own article demonstrates a clear, drinking it at regular intervals. He could have kept clothes made of cotton, which does not coherent relationship between their analysis his energy levels up by bringing and eating food adequately maintain body heat. As he was not of the issues and the safety management with adequate fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. an experienced tramper, he had no idea of what strategies that they devised. Bevan did not stop walking and tried to get Peter to bring. He lacked the necessary knowledge warm. If Bevan had first aid knowledge, he would about tramping in the winter, and which For example: have identified that Peter was showing signs of equipment to take. The trampers described in the article lacked first aid skills and the knowledge and skills to undertake their hypothermia and could have stopped and tried to To minimise this risk, he could have talked to tramp safely. warm him up. someone else who had been tramping there The tramper who went past Peter should have before in the winter and asked what the Bevan left Peter behind, and they were separated stopped and asked how he was, rather than going conditions would be like. There may have been for a period of time. If Bevan had a basic knowledge past him. He had more knowledge than both of the family members or schoolmates who could of tramping he would have known the importance of guys and should have had an ethical consideration have given him the necessary knowledge staying together. He didn’t recognise the early to stop and help both Peter and Bevan. He even required to tramp in that part of the country. symptoms of hypothermia. These include slurred told Bevan that Peter was not doing so well. He They could have also given him knowledge speech, loss of coordination, and lethargy. If Bevan must have recognised the symptoms of about what clothing to wear. had been trained in first aid, he would have stopped hypothermia and should have stopped to help him. Safety management strategies that would have and ensured Peter had warm, dry clothes. These In leaving Peter behind, he helped in his death. minimised Peter’s risk of hypothermia include his strategies could have resulted in the tragedy being Bevan should have asked for help from this participating in a bushcraft course before avoided. tramper, who was probably better prepared than undertaking the tramp. From that, he would have The article does not say if Peter had any experience he and Peter were. learned what clothing is appropriate for tramping, in tramping at all. We must suppose that he had very The examples above relate to only part of what is for example, a polypropylene layer, a wool or polar little experience in the outdoors due to the clothes required, and are just indicative. fleece layer, and a waterproof layer. He would he was wearing and how he had not prepared have learned the importance of drinking water and appropriate food and drink. Bevan must have had taking adequate food in order to meet increased some experience to organise this trip and therefore nutritional needs when tramping. had an ethical obligation to make sure that they The person who walked on past Peter, and told were both prepared. This could have been a Bevan that his friend did not look good, had a strategy that was implemented before leaving. moral obligation to stop and try to help the pair Checking equipment and considering what a trip into out. Instead he just walked on by, even though he the Tararua Ranges would require would probably knew that Peter was in trouble. He could probably have helped to prevent this occurring. guess that from the clothing that Peter was The ethics of the person who walked past Peter are wearing. The culture of our society is such that also questionable. Is it morally correct for this person people are maybe too afraid to help each other out to not help when he knew there was a problem with because of the implications of what might happen. Peter? The response indicated by him suggests that For example, if there was a fight in the street he knew Peter was struggling and may have had would you step in and help? Morally, it is the right hypothermia, but he just walked on by. thing to do, but there is the thought in the back of This may be a result of our modern society in which your mind that you might get hurt or even killed. we are reluctant to help strangers because it is not This may have been the thinking behind the in our nature. Maybe it is due to our desensitisation actions of the tramper who passed Bevan and to death and indifference to helping others. Take, for Peter. He may have thought that he needed to example, the homeless man in New York who tried hurry and that his own safety was more important to stop an assailant stabbing a woman. He in turn than that of this pair. was stabbed, then 20 people walked past him, one The examples above relate to only part of what is taking a photo and not ringing for help. Similarly, this required, and are just indicative. man may be part of a culture where you don’t stop to help. Ethically, you could argue that he should have helped the pair. How do you plan for this ethical issue? It is a sad society that we find ourselves in, where people are interested only in themselves. I think that this is where our society is heading with Generation Z wanting to know, “What do I get out of this? If the answer is nothing, then I am not going to help.” Avoiding this type of incident or listening to the weather forecast may have been strategies to help with this problem. The management strategy of being prepared and taking a course that would have helped with the preparation of the tramp may have reduced some of the ethical issues involved. However, if the two had been prepared and there had been an emergency, would the response of the other tramper have been any different? The trampers should have also considered preparing a RAMs form of some kind before setting off. This is common practice in most outdoor activities and helps to minimise risks by identifying them before they occur and planning strategies to deal with them if they do. Even if this was some sort of informal checklist the two trampers may have been more prepared for the situations that they found themselves in. The biggest issue to consider I think was the fact that they got lost and did not have a GPS or any other form of navigation. I think that the perceived risk by them was much less than the real risk posed. Even a compass may have prevented them from getting lost and then they would not have been in the situation that they found themselves in. I think RAMs forms should be done in terms of relative importance. When we did our RAMs forms for kayaking we just put down risks we thought might happen. Some people put down flash flood, but the reality of this actually happening would be fairly low. The weather would have to be really bad and the river would be up so there would be no chance of us going anyway. I think for this trip the biggest risk was capsizing and not being able to get up, and then drowning. If this was the biggest risk then perhaps we should have managed our risk analysis around this like correct teaching and learning, for example. I think some people thought it was a bit of a joke and wrote stupid things on their forms. Death in the outdoors is no joke. The examples above relate to only part of what is required, and are just indicative.

Final grades will be decided using professional judgement based on a holistic examination of the evidence provided against the criteria in the Achievement Standard.