February 9, 2009 Emergency Management Higher Education Program Report

(1) Disaster Resilient Universities (DRU) Repository – Gets a Makeover:

Read in the DRU list serve mail today that the DRU Repository has gotten a face lift (our words). The updated website is: http://safetyservices.ucdavis.edu/emergency- management/dru

(2) Generators for Nursing Homes:

Oklahoma House of Representatives. “Holland Seeks Generators for Nursing Homes.” Oklahoma City, January 28, 2009 Press Release. Accessed at: http://www2.okhouse.gov/OkhouseMedia/pressroom.aspx?NewsID=1744

State Rep. Corey Holland wants to ensure all nursing homes have portable power generators to help protect their vulnerable residents in emergencies. Holland, R- Marlow, filed House Bill 1535 this month, which would require the Oklahoma Health Care Authority to use federal and state funding to retrofit nursing homes and other specialized facilities with portable generators and to submit a funding plan to the governor and state Legislature that would provide for the retrofitting of the nursing homes. The bill would also make nursing homes immune from liability for civil damages during any efforts to provide assistance to individuals seeking shelter during natural and man-made disasters.

“This is a badly needed measure considering the bad winter weather we’ve had in recent years,” Holland said. “There were a number of nursing homes throughout the state that would have benefitted from a portable generator but for one reason or another did not have one. This bill would require the Oklahoma Health Care Authority to look for the best way to provide incentives for those nursing homes to attain portable generators and more properly ensure the welfare of our senior citizens.”

Holland said last year’s ice storms made him aware of the problem. “There were cases of nursing homes that did have access to a generator that took in the elderly residents of nearby communities. This is one reason I included language granting immunity from civil damages for effort to provide assistance during disasters,” Holland said. “It also allows nursing homes to take whatever action is necessary to protect their residents without worrying about frivolous lawsuits.”

Holland added that in order to be immune, the nursing home staff would have to be operating in good faith and would still be liable if any harm was caused by willful or gross negligence. (3) Hurricane Hazard Retrofit Mitigation:

Christensen, Dan. “Broward to Use FEMA Grant to Retrofit Buildings for Hurricanes.” Miami Herald, February 3, 2009. Accessed at: http://www.miamiherald.com/466/story/885869.html

Broward commissioners took a big step Tuesday toward carrying out a $25 million plan to fortify key county buildings to withstand the punishing winds of a Category 3 hurricane. By a 9-0 vote, commissioners agreed to spend $7.4 million in county matching funds to obtain $17.8 million in hazard mitigation grants from the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The money will pay to harden Broward's main library in downtown Fort Lauderdale, the east wing of the Broward County Courthouse complex, the Broward Sheriff's Office headquarters building and a county fleet service shop in Pompano Beach. The relatively weak Hurricane Wilma damaged each of those structures in 2005. The fixes are to include the replacement of all existing windows, louvers, doors and other vulnerable areas to bring them up to the current hurricane building code.

(4) Terrorism:

Prieto, Daniel B. War About Terror: Civil Liberties and National Security After 9/11 (Working Paper). New York, NY: Council on Foreign Relations, February 2009, 113 pages. Accessed at: http://www.cfr.org/content/publications/attachments/Civil_Liberties_WorkingPaper.pdf

This study finds that even if the United States successfully solves some of the most high-profile counterterrorism issues on the table, it will still lack a comprehensive, coherent, and sustainable framework for dealing with the strategic challenge posed by transnational terrorism. It argues that sharp disagreements over national security and civil liberties, as well as errors and overreach in U.S. counterterrorism practices, have stood in the way of America’s ability to forge a critical and sustainable foreign policy accord on how to address terrorist detention and trials, as well as domestic intelligence policies. The study recommends that the United States reexamine the scope and limits of its war against al-Qaeda, treating national security and the protection of individual liberties as coequal objectives. It calls on Congress and the president to engage these issues in a bipartisan fashion and craft comprehensive long-term counterterrorism policies that reaffirm the U.S. commitment to core values. Only then, it argues, will the United States be able to achieve the kind of foreign policy agreement necessary to prevail against the modern terrorist threat. (5) This Day in Disaster History – February 9, 1971 – San Fernando (Sylmar) Earthquake:

At 6:00 a.m. PST on the morning of February 9, 1971, an earthquake measuring Magnitude 6.6 on the Richter magnitude scale rocked the northern San Fernando Valley, near Sylmar, Los Angeles, California.

“Also known as the Sylmar Earthquake, this earthquake occurred on the San Fernando fault zone, a zone of thrust faulting which broke the surface in the Sylmar-San Fernando Area. The total surface rupture was roughly 19 km (12 miles) long. The maximum slip was up to 2 meters (6 feet).” (Southern California Earthquake Center, San Fernando Earthquake)

“It lasted about 60 seconds, and, in that brief span of time, took 65 lives, injured more than 2,000…” (USGS, Historic Earthquakes: San Fernando, California 1971)

”The earthquake caused over $500 million in property damage and 65 deaths. Most of the deaths occurred when the Veteran's Administration Hospital collapsed. Several other hospitals, including the Olive View Community Hospital in Sylmar…suffered severe damage.1[1] Newly constructed freeway overpasses also collapsed, in damage scenes similar to those which occurred 23 years later in the 1994 Northridge Earthquake. Loss of life could have been much greater had the earthquake struck at a busier time of day.

“In response to this earthquake, building codes were strengthened and the Alquist Priolo Special Studies Zone Act was passed in 1972. The purpose of this act is to prohibit the location of most structures for human occupancy across the traces of active faults and to mitigate thereby the hazard of fault rupture.” (Southern California Earthquake Center, San Fernando Earthquake)

References:

Birkland, Thomas A. After Disaster: Agenda Setting, Public Policy and Focusing Events. Washington DC: Georgetown Univ. Press, 1997, pp. 69-70. Partially digitized by Google. At: http://books.google.com/books? id=dkvJTV0bzacC&pg=PA69&dq=1971+Sylmar+San+Fernando+Earthquake&lr=

Economic Expert. “Sylmar Earthquake.” http://www.economicexpert.com/a/Sylmar:earthquake.htm

Federal Emergency Management Agency. Critical Facility Mitigation – Olive View Medical Center in California. Washington, DC: FEMA. Accessed at: http://www.fema.gov/mitigationbp/brief.do?mitssId=787

1[1] “Upper floors of its main mental health building collapsed to the ground floor.” (“Killer Quake,” Herald Examiner, Vol. V. No. 318, February 9, 1971. Accessed at: http://www.lafire.com/famous_fires/710209_SylmarEarthquake/020971_LAHerald_KillerQuake.htm National Geophysical Data Center. The Significant Earthquake Database. NGDC, NOAA. Accessed 12/23/2008 at: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/form? t=101650&s=1&d=1

Santa Clarita Valley History in Pictures. Feb. 9, 1971 ‘Sylmar’ Earthquake Instrumental Intensity Map. Accessed at: http://www.scvhistory.com/scvhistory/lw7102.htm

Southern California Earthquake Center. San Fernando Earthquake. Accessed at: http://www.data.scec.org/chrono_index/sanfer.html

United States Department of Agriculture. San Fernando Valley Earthquake of Feb. 1971, Sylmar, California (30-minute video). Developed for Defense Civil Preparedness Agency, by the USDA, 1973. Free Download (and reviews): http://www.archive.org/details/Earthqua1973

United States Geological Survey. Deaths in the United States from Earthquakes (Website). July 16, 2008 update. Accessed at: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/states/us_deaths.php

United States Geological Survey. Historic Earthquakes. San Fernando, California 1971. USGS, Earthquake Hazards Program. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/states/events/1971_02_09.php

Wikipedia. “1971 San Fernando Earthquake.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971_San_Fernando_earthquake

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The End

B. Wayne Blanchard, Ph.D., CEM Higher Education Program Manager Emergency Management Institute National Preparedness Directorate Federal Emergency Management Agency Department of Homeland Security 16825 S. Seton, K-011 Emmitsburg, MD 21727 [email protected] http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/edu

“Please note: Some of the Web sites linked to in this document are not federal government Web sites, and may not necessarily operate under the same laws, regulations, and policies as federal Web sites.” EMI, the nation’s pre-eminent emergency management training organization, offers training at no charge to emergency managers and allied professions through its resident classes in Emmitsburg, MD, its online courses http://training.fema.gov/IS/ and through development of hands-off training courses. To access upcoming resident courses with vacancies http://training.fema.gov/EMICCourses/.

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