Thermal Properties of Matter

Determine the amount thermal energy (heat) needed for each object to increase its length by 5cm.

1. Masonry bricks 50 meters in length

2. Copper 5 meters in length

3. Concrete 100 meters in length

4. Plate Glass 50 meters in length

5. Iron 30 meters in length

Solve the following problems.

1.The supersonic aircraft Concorde has a length of 62.0 m when sitting on the ground on a typical day when the temperature is 18.0 Celsius. The Concorde is primarily made of aluminum. In flight at twice the speed of sound, friction with the air warms the Concorde's skin and causes the aircraft to lengthen by 29.0 cm. (The passenger cabin is on rollers, so the airplane expands around the passenger cabin.) Take the coefficient of linear expansion for aluminum to be = 2.40×10^ -5 m/K. What is the temperature of the Concorde's skin in flight?

2. How much taller is the Eiffel Tower on the hottest day of the summer (25 ℃) than the

coldest day of the winter (2 ℃)? The tower is 324 m tall measured from the top of the flagpole. Assume the tower is built of structural steel. (It's actually made of "puddle iron".)

3. Due to the high specific heat and low conductivity of water, only the uppermost 10% of the oceans is able to undergo any significant temperature change. a. The natural variation in ocean levels is about 10 cm from September to March. By how much does the mean temperature of the upper ocean change during this time?

b. Global warming is likely to cause a rise in sea level for a number of reasons, one of which is the thermal expansion of water. Determine the rise in sea level for every 1.0 C° temperature increase in the upper ocean.

surface area 3.61 × 10^14 m^2 mean depth 3794 m

mean temperature, overall 3.5 ℃ mean temperature, top 10% 10 ℃

Given the set of variable determine the unknown a) P = 1.01 atm b) P = ? V= ? V = 0.602 L n = 0.00831 mol n = 0.00801 mol T= 25 c T = 311 K

Solve the following problems 1. A blimp in the shape of Mr. McNeill contains 5400m³ of helium (He) at an absolute pressure of 1.1 x 10⁵ Pa. The temperature of the He is 280K. What is the mass in kg of the He in the McNeill Blimp?

2. Oxygen for hospital patients is kept in special tanks, where the oxygen has a pressure of 65.0 atmospheres and a temperature of 288K. The tanks are stored in a separate room and the oxygen is pumped to the patient's room, where it is administered at a pressure of 1.00 atmospheres and a temperature of 297K. What volume does 1.00m³ of oxygen in the tanks occupy at the conditions of the patients room? 3.On the sunlit surface of Venus, the atmospheric pressure is 9.6 x 10⁶ Pa, and the

temperature is 740K. On the Earth's surface the atmospheric pressure is 1.0 x 10⁵ Pa, while the surface temperature can reach 320K. These data imply that Venus has a 'thicker' atmosphere at its surface than does Earth, which means the number of molecules per unit volume (NIV) is greater on the surface of Venus than on Earth. Find the ratio of (NIV)Venus to (NIV)Earth.

4. Compressed air can be pumped underground into huge caverns as a form of energy storage. The volume of a cavern is 5.6 x 10⁵ m³, and the pressure of the air in the cavern is 7.7 x

10⁶ Pa. Assume that air is a diametric ideal gas whose internal energy U is given by U=5/2nRT.

If one home uses 30.0kW•h of energy per day, how many homes could this internal energy serve for one day?