Unit 8 Reform and Turmoil (1963-1980)

1. Describe the effects of the civil rights movement’s efforts to end segregation during the early 1960s. 2. What action did radical organizations like the Black Panthers and Black Power Movement advocate? 3. Describe the factors that gave rise to the “women’s liberation” movement and explain the results of the protest movements that happened during the 1960s-1970s. 4. Describe President Lyndon B. Johnson’s “Great Society” program and its effects. 5. What factors led to the U.S. military involvement in Vietnam? 6. What actions did the Johnson administration take to escalate the war in Vietnam? 7. Describe the impact of major events (i.e. the Tet Offensive) and media coverage on the public perception of the Vietnam War. 8. Describe the social and political effects of the Vietnam War on American life. 9. Describe Nixon’s “Vietnamization” strategy. 10. Describe the factors that led to increased anti-war protests against the Nixon administration. 11. Describe Richard Nixon’s Cold War strategy. 12. Describe the end of U.S. military involvement in Vietnam. 13. Describe the domestic policies of President Richard Nixon. 14. What was Watergate and why was it important? 15. Describe the domestic and foreign policy issues that America faced in the 1970s. 16. Describe the policies implemented by the Ford and Carter administrations during the 1970s.

Words to know:

1. radical 2. feminism 3. entitlement programs

4. welfare state 5. containment 6. counter-culture

7. hawks 8. doves 9. Vietnamization

10. domestic policy 11. foreign policy 12. détente

Facts to Memorize for the Unit 11 Test!

1. Which civil rights campaign registered African-Americans to vote in Mississippi? 2. Which legislation banned segregation in public places and discrimination in the workplace? 3. Which legislation prohibited states from acting to limit African-American suffrage? 4. Which radical civil rights leaders promoted militant action? 5. Which radical civil rights movement is associated with Stokely Carmichael? 6. Which book is associated with the women’s liberation movement? 7. What organization was founded by Betty Friedan? 8. What federal law banned gender discrimination in educational and athletic programs? 9. What Supreme Court decision legalized abortion in the United States? 10. What constitutional amendment was proposed in order to guarantee equality for women? 11. What was Lyndon B. Johnson’s proposals for economic and social reforms called? 12. Which Great Society program provides health insurance for senior citizens? 13. Which Great Society program administers programs that provide shelter for the poor? 14. What theory led to American military involvement in Vietnam? 15. What was the goal of U.S. military involvement in Vietnam? 16. What gave President Johnson the ability to escalate U.S. involvement in Vietnam? 17. Which event in the Vietnam War resulted in a decline in public support for President Johnson’s policies? 18. Which organization led protests against the draft and U.S. military action during the Vietnam War? 19. What event was disrupted by anti-war protestors in 1968? 20. What was Nixon’s plan for ending American military involvement in Vietnam called? 21. What military action resulted in massive anti-war protests and the Kent State incident in 1970? 22. What events strengthened the anti-war movement? 23. What Cold War policy did Nixon use to improve U.S. relations with China and the Soviet Union? 24. What did Congress enact to limit President Nixon’s ability to wage war in Vietnam? 25. What happened after U.S. military aid was withdrawn from South Vietnam? 26. Which activist is known for drawing attention to the needs of Hispanic farm workers? 27. What court case upheld the constitutionality of affirmative action programs? 28. What court case upheld the constitutionality of forced busing programs? 29. What was one of the policies promoted by President Richard Nixon’s New Federalism? 30. Which court decision ordered President Nixon to release his tapes to the Senate Watergate Committee? 31. What was President Nixon accused of in the Watergate scandal? 32. What economic problems affected the Nixon, Ford, and Carter administrations during the 1970s? 33. What event is known for focusing national attention on environmental problems? 34. What foreign policy success was negotiated by President Carter to bring peace between Egypt and Israel? 35. Which foreign policy crisis resulted in a loss of public support for President Carter’s foreign policy?