HPS Final Exam Review: Study Guide Part II Answer Key

Thermal Energy 1. see p 135 in book for definition 2. The Hot Choc. Has a higher temperature, but the total energy in a large lake will be much greater 3. Page 141 for definiton 4. H = mcΔT Heat = (mass) (specific heat)(difference in temperature) 5. Water – think of a hot day at the beach, and where you’d rather put your toes 6. Using H = mcΔT : (5)(2.01)(10) = 100.5 J 7. The specific heat of the metal is much lower than water 8. Page 144 for definition 9. The difference in coefficients of expansion... the brass changes more with change in temperature 10. The hole expands just as if it was made of the same metal. CH 10 HEAT TRANSFER AND CHANGE OF PHASE page 152 11. Generally through solids, requires direct contact of particles 12.Through a pan while cooking, solids 13. Free electrons in valence shells 14. Heat transfer through the motion of a fluid. Air currents 15. Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves. The sun 16. Energy; thermal energy (heat CH 11 ELECTRICITY 17. By gaining or losing an electron 18. F kq1q2 divided by d2 F: Force k:constant q: charges d: distance 19. The flow of electric charge per unit time. I=q/t 20. Also called potential, the “pressure” that makes charges move 21. Page 177 for definition 22. V=IR V: Voltage I:current R: restistance 23. V = I R V = (10)(20) = 200 V 24. V=25 V 25. V = I R 120 = (I)(20) I = 12 A 26. V = I R 240 = (I)(120) I = 2 A 27. the 4 and 12 ohm resistors are equal to 3 (add in parallel) then those three resistors are in series... 3+2+8 = 13!

V (V) I (A) R (Ω) P (W) R1 23.07 5.77 4 133 R2 23.07 1.92 12 44.3 R3 15.38 7.69 2 118.3 R4 61.53 7.69 8 473.2 Totals 100 7.69 13 769.2

CH13 WAVES & SOUND 28. The distance between consecutive crests of a wave (page 211) 29. The number of complete cycles (waves) each second 30. The time for each complete wave 31. v = λf v:velocity (m/s) λ:wavelength (m) f: frequency (Hz or 1/s) 32. v = λf 340 = λ (170) λ = 2m 33. v = λf = (10)(5) = 50 m/s 34. f=1/4 =0.25 Hz 35. medium; Without some particle motion to carry the mechanical sound wave, the sound energy cannot travel to you 36. solids 37. The combination of two or more waves (destructive interference tends to cancel, constructive can increase the amplitude) 38. Matching a driving frequency to the natural frequency of an object 39. increases; decreases CH 14 LIGHT & COLOR 40. The range of all e-m waves (while frequency and wavelength varies, the speed is constant) 41. Gamma (highest f / shortest λ) Radio (lowest f / longest λ) 42. Violet (highest f / shortest λ) Red (lowest f / longest λ) 43. Energy 44. Magenta; Yellow; Cyan; White____ 45. White CH 15 REFLECTION & REFRACTION 46. the angles of incidence and reflection must be equal 47. The bending of a wave as it passes from one material to another 48. a change in velocity 49. The spreading of a wave as it passes through a narrow opening 50. smaller; greater CH 17 ELEMENTS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE 51. Neutron ( neutral, in the nucleus) Proton (positive, in the nucleus) Electron (negative, orbits the nucleus) 52. The neutrons and protons 53. 6 (all Carbon)8 (14-6) 54. The protons (atomic number) 55. Electrons in the outermost shell of the atom 56. periods; groups 57. noble gases 58. In a chemical change, the chemical identity is altered. 59. Ions of opposite charge are held together by electrical attraction 60. atoms are held together by the sharing of electrons 61. This is caused by an uneven sharing of electrons between the Hydrogen and Oxygen