Hustle & Flo Created in 2008 By: Central Organizer

Hustle & Flo

Created in 2008 by:

 Central Organizer: Florina Bacuta  Document Based Question coordinator: Charles Spyres  Unit I – V Multiple Choice coordinator: Mit Patel  Essay coordinator: Matt Talmo  Unit VI – X Multiple Choice coordinator: Andrew Smith UNITED STATES HISTORY SECTION I Time – 55 minutes 80 Questions

Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case and then fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet.

1. Despite an abundance of fish and game, 5. One weapon that was used to put Boss early Jamestown settlers continued to starve Tweed, leader of New York City’s infamous because Tweed Ring, in jail was

a. they had neither weapons nor a. the cartoons of the political satirist fishing gear. Thomas Nast. b. their fear of Indians prevented them b. federal income tax evasion charges. from venturing too far from the c. the RICO racketeering act. town. d. New York City’s ethics laws. c. they wasted time looking for gold. e. granting immunity to Tweed’s d. they lacked leaders to organize cronies in exchange for testimony. efficient hunting and fishing parties. 6. In his book Our Country: Its Possible e. there were not enough gentlemen to Future and Its Present Crisis, the Reverend organize the work force. Josiah Strong advocated American expansion 2. The political party of the “outs” that provided the “loyal opposition” to the party a. based on a powerful new navy. in power in the 1790s was b. to open up new markets for industrial goods. a. the anti-Federalists. c. to spread American religion and values. b. the Federalists. d. to ease labor violence at home. c. started by Jefferson and Madison. e. to maintain white racial superiority. d. the Whigs. e. the Tories. 7. The Works Progress Administration was a major ______program of the New Deal; 3. By the 1840s voter participation in the the Public Works Administration was a presidential election reached long-range ______program; and the Social Security Act was a major ______a. nearly 50 percent. program. b. 25 percent. c. 40 percent. a. relief; recovery; reform d. 15 percent. b. reform; recovery; relief e. nearly 80 percent. c. recovery; relief; reform d. relief; reform; recovery 4. The Wilmot Proviso, if adopted, would have e. reform; relief; recovery

a. prevented the taking of any 8. The 1954 Supreme Court case that ruled territory from Mexico. racially segregated school systems b. required California to enter the “inherently unequal” was Union as a slave state. c. overturned the Fugitive Slave Law. a. Roe v. Wade. d. prohibited slavery in any territory b. Plessy v. Ferguson. acquired in the Mexican War. c. Sweatt v. Painter. e. all of the above. d. Johnson v. Little Rock School District. e. Brown v. Board of Education. 9. The 1759 Battle of Quebec currency policy and civil-service reform. a. had little impact on the French and e. aroused great interest among Indian War. voters. b. was a key turning point in Queen Anne’s War. 14. U.S. naval captain Alfred Thayer Mahan c. was a dramatic victory for the argued that French. d. ended the war of French a. free trade was essential to a succession. nation’s economic health. e. ranks as one of the most significant b. control of the sea was the key to the victories in British and American United States’ world domination. history. c. the United States should continue its policy of isolationism. 10. Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation d. an isthmian canal between the clearly illustrated the truism that Atlantic and the Pacific was impossible. a. he was unprepared for the demands e. the U.S. should construct a fleet of of foreign policy. battleships. b. foreign policy should be handled by a group and not by a single 15. The Glass-Steagall Act individual. c. the United States was trying to do a. took the United States off the gold what was best for its allies. standard. d. self-interest is the basic cement of b. empowered President Roosevelt to alliances. close all banks temporarily. e. none of the above. c. created the Securities and Exchange Commission to regulate 11. The “cement” that held the Whig party the stock exchange. together in its formative days was d. permitted commercial banks to engage in Wall Street financial a. hatred of Andrew Jackson. dealings. b. support of the American System. e. created the Federal Deposit c. opposition to the Anti-Masonic Insurance Corporation to insure party. individual bank deposits. d. the desire for a strong president. e. opposition to the tariff. 16. The Pentagon Papers, published in 1971,

12. The key issue for the major parties in the a. revealed President Nixon’s role in 1848 presidential election was the Watergate scandal. b. documented the North Vietnamese a. personalities. attack in the Gulf of Tonkin. b. slavery. c. exposed President Nixon’s secret c. expansion. bombing war of Cambodia. d. Indian removal. d. was the first the American public e. the economy. knew of the Nixon Doctrine. e. exposed the deception that had led 13. The presidential elections of the 1870s and the United States into the Vietnam 1880s War.

a. were all won by Republicans. 17. Roger Williams’ beliefs included all of the following except b. involved charismatic personalities. c. were rarely close. a. breaking away from the Church of d. usually involved sharp partisan England. differences over issues like b. challenging the legality of Massachusetts Bay’s charter. b. the withdrawal of federal troops c. condemning the taking of Indian from the South. land without fair compensation. c. the election of a Democrat to the d. denying the authority of the civil presidency. government to regulate religious d. passage of the Bland-Allison Silver matters. Purchase Act. e. demanding oaths regarding e. a plan to build the first religious beliefs. transcontinental railroad.

18. The Treaty of Greenville signed in August 22. The revolution in Panama began when with the Miami Confederation resulted in all of the following except a. the United States invaded the area. b. Colombian troops invaded the a. giving to the United States vast isthmus. tracts of land in the Old Northwest. c. the U.S. Congress rejected a treaty b. the Indians receiving a $20,000 for the sale of Panama to Colombia. lump sum payment. d. a Chinese civilian and a donkey c. an annual annuity of $9,000 to the were killed. Indians. e. a Colombian officer shot several d. the right of the Indians to hunt the Panamanian civilians. land they had ceded. e. the establishment of an equal 23. Match each New Dealer below with the relationship with the Indians. federal agency or program with which he or she was closely identified. 19. Pioneering Americans marooned by geography A. Robert Wagner B. Harry Hopkins a. remained well informed. C. Harold Ickes b. grew to depend on other people for D. Frances Perkins most of their clothing. c. abandoned the “rugged 1. Department of Labor individualism” of colonial 2. Public Works Administration Americans. 3. Works Progress Administration d. looked to state governments for 4. National Labor Relations Act economic help. e. became provincial in their attitudes. a. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4 b. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1 20. By 1850, the South c. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2 d. A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2 a. was experiencing economic e. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3 difficulties. b. feared that slavery might be 24. In the 1950s, the work force began to change abolished in states where it already when existed. c. remained concerned about its weak a. white-collar workers outnumbered voice in national government. blue-collar workers. d. was relatively well off, politically and economically. b. unskilled workers outnumbered any e. recognized that slavery expansion other group. was over. c. union membership exceeded fifty percent of all workers. 21. The Compromise of 1877 resulted in d. women held more than sixty percent of all jobs. a. a renewal of the Republican e. the average age of workers dropped commitment to protect black civil under forty. rights in the South. 25. The isolation of Louisiana’s Cajun d. Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe. communities ended e. Great Northern.

a. during the Civil War. 30. American involvement in the affairs of Latin b. only with the civil rights movement American nations at the turn of the century of the 1960s. usually stemmed from c. with bridge building in the 1930s. d. with intermarriage to Germans, a. the need to defend these nations English, and Spanish. against a reassertion of Spanish e. during the American Revolution. power. b. the hope that involvement would 26. One of the first lessons learned by the lead to their outright acquisition by Jeffersonians after their victory in the 1800 the United States. presidential election was c. the fact that they were chronically in debt. a. the need to strengthen diplomatic d. the desire to control the flow of ties with Britain. Latin American immigrants into the b. to go off the gold standard. United States. c. to decrease tariffs. e. a desire to strengthen Latin d. to institute an excise tax. American democracy. e. that it is easier to condemn from the stump than to govern consistently. 31. In September 1938 in Munich, Germany,

27. George Catlin advocated a. Britain and France consented to Germany’s taking the Sudetenland a. placing Indians on reservations. from Czechoslovakia. b. efforts to protect America’s b. Hitler declared his intention to take endangered species. Austria. c. continuing the “rendezvous” c. Hitler signed the Axis Alliance system. Treaty with Japan. d. keeping white settlers out of the d. Britain and France acquiesced to West. the German reoccupation of the e. the preservation of nature as a Rhineland. national policy. e. Britain and France declared that an invasion of Poland would mean 28. In his Seventh of March speech, Daniel war. Webster 32. Richard Nixon’s Philadelphia Plan a. attacked Henry Clay’s compromise proposals. a. was a direct attack on affirmative b. called for a new, more stringent action. fugitive-slave law. b. aimed at giving direct economic c. advocated a congressional ban on assistance to business. slavery in the territories. c. attempted to counter the Supreme d. proposed a scheme for electing two Court’s opposition to affirmative presidents, one from the North and action. one from the South, each having d. required construction trade unions veto power. to establish timetables and goals for e. became a hated figure in the South. hiring black apprentices. e. aimed to renovate inner cities like 29. The only transcontinental railroad built those in Philadelphia. without government aid was the

a. New York Central. b. Northern Pacific. c. Union Pacific. 33. The special characteristics of New England’s population led to the observation e. avoid wasteful competition. that these colonists “invented” 38. As one progressive explained, the “real a. premarital sex. heart” of the progressive movement was to b. grandparents. c. family life. a. preserve world peace. d. religious piety. b. use the government as an agency of e. women’s rights. human welfare. c. ensure the Jeffersonian style of government. 34. Thomas Jefferson’s presidency was d. reinstate the policy of laissez-faire. characterized by his e. to promote economic and social equality. a. unswerving conformity to Republican party principles. 39. Congress’s first response to the unexpected b. rigid attention to formal protocol at fall of France in 1940 was to White House gatherings. c. moderation in the administration of a. revoke all the neutrality laws. public policy. b. expand naval patrols in the Atlantic. d. ruthless use of the patronage power c. enact a new neutrality law enabling to appoint Republicans to federal the Allies to buy American war offices. materials on a cash-and-carry basis. e. inability to get legislation passed by d. call for the quarantining of Congress. aggressor nations. e. pass a conscription law. 35. The beliefs advocated by John Humphrey Noyes included all of the following except 40. Lyndon Johnson channeled educational aid

a. no private property. a. only to public schools. b. sharing of all material goods. b. in smaller amounts than John c. belief in a vengeful deity. Kennedy had. d. strictly monogamous marriages. c. to public and parochial schools. e. improvement of the human race d. to little avail. through eugenics. e. to higher education only.

36. The Young Guard from the North 41. The colonial army eventually lost the Battle of Bunker Hill because its troops were a. regarded preserving the Union as their top priority. a. outnumbered. b. agreed fully with the Old Guard on b. short of gunpowder. the issue of slavery. c. poorly organized. c. saw expansionism as a solution to d. poor shots. the slavery question. e. lacking in courage. d. gave support to John C. Calhoun’s plan for rescuing the Union. 42. As chief justice of the United States, John e. were most interested in purging and Marshall helped to ensure that purifying the Union. a. states’ rights were protected. 37. Early railroad owners formed “pools” in b. the programs of Alexander order to Hamilton were overturned. c. the political and economic systems a. increase competition by were based on a strong central establishing more companies. government. b. water their stock. d. both the Supreme Court and the c. divide business in a particular area president could rule a law and share profits. unconstitutional. d. choose the best workers. e. Aaron Burr was convicted of treason. 47. During World War II, the United States 43. The key to Oneida’s financial success was government commissioned the production of synthetic in order to offset the loss of a. its move from Vermont to New access to prewar supplies in East Asia. York. b. the establishment of Bible a. textiles communism. b. rubber c. the manufacture of steel animal c. tin traps and silverware. d. fuels d. its tax-exempt religious status. e. plastics e. its linkage of religion to free- market capitalism. 48. Which of the these social issues was not a primary concern for the new right? 44. In “Bleeding Kansas” in the mid-1850s, ______was/were identified with the a. birth control proslavery element, and ______b. pornography was/were associated with the antislavery c. homosexuality free-soilers. d. abortion e. affirmative action a. Beecher’s Bibles; border ruffians b. John Brown; Preston Brooks 49. King George III officially declared the c. the Pottawatomie massacre; the colonies in rebellion just after sack of Lawrence d. the Lecompton Constitution; the a. the armed clash at Lexington and New England Immigrant Aid Concord. Society b. the First Continental Congress e. Stephen A. Douglas; William convened. Sumner c. the Battle of Bunker Hill. d. Benedict Arnold’s forces’ captured 45. The tremendously rapid growth of American Ticonderoga and Crown Point. cities in the post-Civil War decades was e. hiring Hessian solders to fight in America. a. uniquely American. b. fueled by an agricultural system 50. Perhaps the key battle of the War of 1812, suffering from poor production because it protected the United States from levels. full-scale invasion and possible dissolution, c. attributable to the closing of the was the Battle of frontier. d. a trend that affected Europe as well. a. Mackinac. e. a result of natural reproduction. b. Plattsburgh. c. the Thames. 46. President Theodore Roosevelt branded d. Horseshoe Bend. reporters who tried to uncover to injustice as e. Fallen Timbers. “muckrakers” because 51. By 1860, life for slaves was most difficult in a. he saw them as trying to clean up the society. b. they brought ugly problems to a. Atlantic states of North and South public attention. Carolina. c. of their work in the “muck” of the b. Deep South states of Georgia and slums. Florida. d. of their coverage of the meat- c. territories of Kansas, Nebraska, and packing industry. New Mexico. e. he was annoyed by their excessive d. upper South states of Virginia and zeal. Maryland. e. newer states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. 52. President James Buchanan’s decision on Kansas’s Lecompton Constitution 56. By 1972, integrated classrooms were most common in the a. hopelessly divided the Democratic party. a. Midwest. b. admitted Kansas to the Union as a b. West. free state. c. South. c. admitted Kansas to the Union as a d. North. slave state. e. Southwest. d. reaffirmed the Democratic party as a national party. 57. The commander of French troops in e. turned the focus of controversy to America was Nebraska. a. Rochambeau. 53. As a leader of the African-American b. Lafayette. community, Booker T. Washington c. de Grasse. d. Burgoyne. a. helped to found the National e. Howe. Association for the Advancementof Colored People. 58. British plans for their 1814 campaign did not include action in b. advocated social equality. c. discovered hundreds of uses for the a. New York. peanut. b. the Chesapeake. d. grudgingly acquiesced to c. Florida. segregation. d. Louisiana. e. promoted black political activism e. Vermont.

54. Woodrow Wilson’s political philosophy 59. The voice of white southern abolitionism included all of the following except fell silent at the beginning of the

a. faith in the masses. a. 1790s. b. scorn for the ideal of self- b. 1820s. determination for minority peoples c. 1830s. in other countries. d. 1840s. c. a belief that the president should e. 1850s. provide leadership for Congress. d. a belief that the president should 60. Arrange these events in chronological order: appeal over the heads of legislators (A) Dred Scott decision, (B) Lincoln- to the sovereign people. Douglas debates, (C) Kansas-Nebraska Act, e. a belief in the moral essence of (D) Harpers Ferry raid. politics. a. A, C, B, D 55. While American workers, on the whole, b. B, D, C, A were committed to the war effort, several c. C, A, B, D unions went on strike. The most prominent d. D, B, A, C was the e. A, C, D, B

a. Teamsters. 61. The buffalo were nearly exterminated b. Amalgamated Meat Packers. c. Longshoremen. a. a result of being overhunted by the Indians. d. United Mine Workers. b. by the trains racing across the Great Plains. e. Industrial Workers of the World. c. when their meat became valued in eastern markets. d. by disease. e. through wholesale butchery by whites. e. the American victory at New Orleans.

62. The first Jew to sit on the United States Supreme Court, appointed by Woodrow 67. The Aroostook War was the result of Wilson, was a. a short-lived insurrection in British a. Felix Frankfurter. Canada. b. Arsene Pujo. b. the Caroline incident. c. Abraham Cahan. c. the offer of asylum to the crew of d. Louis D. Brandeis. the Creole. e. Bernard Baruch. d. a dispute over the northern boundary of Maine. 63. The first naval battle in history in which all e. a fishing dispute between Britain the fighting was done by carrier-based and the U. S. aircraft was the Battle of 68. As a result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, a. Leyte Gulf. b. the Java Sea. a. Lincoln was elected to the Senate. c. the Coral Sea. b. Lincoln’s national stature was d. Midway. diminished. e. Iwo Jima. c. Douglas increased his chances of winning the presidency. 64. The first woman to receive the vice- d. Illinois rejected the concept of presidential nomination of a major political popular sovereignty. party was e. Douglas defeated Lincoln for the Senate. a. Elizabeth Dole. b. Sandra Day O’Connor. 69. The wild frontier towns where the three c. Jeanne Kirkpatrick. major cattle trails from Texas ended were d. Geraldine Ferraro. e. Janet Reno. a. Kansas City, Kansas; Pueblo, Colorado; and Laramie, Wyoming. 65. One of the enduring paradoxes of American b. Tulsa, Oklahoma; Santa Fe, New history is that Mexico; and Denver, Colorado. c. Topeka, Kansas; Omaha, Nebraska; a. conservatives supported and Casper, Wyoming. democracy. d. Abilene, Kansas; Ogalalla, b. liberals supported democracy. Nebraska; and Cheyenne, c. both liberals and conservatives Wyoming. have championed the heritage of e. Atchison, Kansas; Greeley, democratic revolution. Colorado; and Bozeman, Montana. d. conservatives and liberals were on opposite sides in the Revolution. 70. During World War I, the government’s e. conservatives opposed democracy. treatment of labor could be best described as

66. At the peace conference at Ghent, the British a. fair. began to withdraw many of its earlier b. strict and financially unrewarding. demands for all of the following reasons c. extremely brutal. except d. so good the right to form unions was finally granted. a. reverses in upper New York. e. decent for native Americans but b. a loss at Baltimore. harsh for ethnic groups. c. increasing war weariness in Britain. d. concern about the still dangerous 71. The feminist revolt of the 1960s was sparked France. by a. the continued exclusion of most a. Henry Clay. women from the workplace. b. Zachary Taylor. b. growing domination of the service c. Robert Walker. sector of the economy, where most d. Daniel Webster. women were employed, by the e. Millard Fillmore industrial and manufacturing sectors. c. Congress’s failure to pass the Equal 76. The presidential candidate of the new Rights Amendment. Constitutional Union party in 1860 was d. a clash between the demands of the traditional role of women as wives a. Stephen A. Douglas. and mothers and the realities of b. William Seward. employment. c. John Bell. e. dismay at the image of women in d. Jefferson Davis. advertising. e. James Crittenden.

72. By the 1990s, the foreign-born population 77. The first major farmers’ organization was accounted for ______percent of the United the States’ population. a. Patrons of Husbandry. a. about 15. b. Populists. b. more than 25. c. Greenback Labor party. c. about 20. d. Farmers’ Alliance. d. about 10. e. American Farm Bureau. e. less than 5. 78. The first significant engagement of American 73. Which of the following is a compromise in troops in a European battle in American the Constitution? history came in the spring of 1918 at

a. counting all slaves in apportioning a. Meuse-Argonne. membership in the House b. Chateau-Thierry. b. continuation of the foreign slave trade c. St. Mihiel. c. direct election of the president d. the Second Battle of the Marne. d. control of interstate commerce by e. D-Day. the national government e. prohibiting states from abolishing 79. By 1960, the proportion of Americans who slave trade lived in areas classified as metropolitan suburbs was approximately 74. The Rush-Bagot agreement a. three out of four (75%). a. required the Indians to relinquish b. one out of four (25%). vast areas of tribal lands north of c. half (50%). the Ohio River. d. one out of ten (10%). b. ended the traditional mutual e. four out of ten (40%). suspicion and hatred between the United States and Great Britain. 80. Of the 2.5 million American Indians counted c. limited naval armaments on the by the 2000 census, approximately ______Great Lakes. lived away from the reservations in cities. d. provided for Canadian independence from Great Britain. a. one-tenth (10%) e. gave Florida to the United States. b. one-fifth (20%) c. one-third (33%) 75. The only member of President Tyler’s Whig d. one-half (50%) cabinet who did not resign in protest over e. two-thirds (67%) his policies was END OF SECTION I UNITED STATES HISTORY SECTION II Part A (Suggested writing time – 45 minutes) Percent of Section II score – 45

Directions: The following question requires you to construct a coherent essay that integrates your interpretation of Documents A-H and your knowledge of the period referred to in the question. High scores will be earned only by essays that both cite key pieces of evidence from the documents and draw on outside knowledge of the period.

1. Discuss how Manifest Destiny shaped the United States leading up to the Civil War.

Document A

Emanuel Leutze's famous painting Westward the Course of Empire Takes its Way (1861).

Document B “America, an immense territory, favored by nature with all advantages of climate, soil, great navigable rivers and lakes, must become a great country, populous and mighty; and will, in a less time than is generally conceived, be able to shake off shackles that may be imposed on her and perhaps place them on the imposers. “ – Benjamin Franklin, 1787 writing about expansion of United States Document C The Missouri Compromise Document D

Kansas-Nebraska Act May 30, 1854

Document E

David Wilmot presenting Wilmot Proviso Provided, That, as an express and fundamental condition to the acquisition of any territory from the Republic of Mexico by the United States, by virtue of any treaty which may be negotiated between them, and to the use by the Executive of the moneys herein appropriated, neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of said territory, except for crime, whereof the party shall first be duly convicted.

Document F Forcing Slavery Down the Throat of a Freesoiler Document G

Stephen Douglas speaking of slavery during Lincoln-Douglas debates “Uniformity in the local laws and institutions of the different States is neither possible or desirable. If uniformity had been adopted when the Government was established, it must inevitably have been the uniformity of slavery everywhere, or else the uniformity of negro citizenship and negro equality everywhere...... Now, I hold that Illinois had a right to abolish and prohibit slavery as she did, and I hold that Kentucky has the same right to continue and protect slavery that Illinois had to abolish it. I hold that New York had as much right to abolish slavery as Virginia has to continue it, and that each and every State of this Union is a sovereign power, with the right to do as it pleases upon this question of slavery, and upon all its domestic institutions. ... And why can we not adhere to the great principle of self-government, upon which our institutions were originally based. ("We can.") I believe that this new doctrine preached by Mr. Lincoln and his party will dissolve the Union if it succeeds. They are trying to array all the Northern States in one body against the South, to excite a sectional war between the free States and the slave States, in order that the one or the other may be driven to the wall.” Document H Lincoln’s House Divided Speech A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved — I do not expect the house to fall — but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing or all the other. Either the opponents of slavery will arrest the further spread of it, and place it where the public mind shall rest in the belief that it is in the course of ultimate extinction; or its advocates will push it forward, till it shall become alike lawful in all the States, old as well as new — North as well as South.

END OF DOCUMENTS FOR QUESTION 1 UNITED STATES HISTORY SECTION II Part B and Part C (Suggested total planning and writing time – 70 minutes) Percent of Section II score – 55

Part B

Directions: Choose ONE question from this part. You are advised to spend 5 minutes planning and 30 minutes writing your answer. Cite relevant historical evidence in support of your generalizations and present your arguments clearly and logically.

2. What evidence is there for the assertion that the basic principles of the Constitution were firmly grounded in the political and religious experience of America's colonial and revolutionary periods?

3. “Supreme Court decisions reinforce state and federal legislation.” Assess validity for three decisions of the Supreme Court prior to the Civil War.

Part C

Directions: Choose ONE question from this part. You are advised to spend 5 minutes planning and 30 minutes writing your answer. Cite relevant historical evidence in support of your generalizations and present your arguments clearly and logically.

4. Identify THREE of the following New Deal measures and analyze the ways in which each of the three attempted to fashion a more stable economy and a more equitable society.  Agricultural Adjustment Act  Securities and Exchange Commission  Wagner National Labor Relations Act  Social Security Act 5. Analyze the changes that occurred during the 1960's in the goals, strategies, and support of the movement for African American civil rights. Use the documents and your knowledge of the history of the 1960's to construct your response.

END OF EXAMINATION