Make up Exercise - Biology 11A

MAKE UP EXERCISE - BIOLOGY 11A CABRILLO MARINE AQUARIUM, SAN PEDRO

We will have a cruise on Sunday, June 7. Sign the list for notification of the date. If you are SURE you can make these dates there is no need to do this exercise – however, if you do not you grade will be changed to NC – No Credit. If you cannot participate in a make-up cruise or you are unsure then complete the following exercise according to the directions below.

Return this exercise to me - you have until May 18 to complete the assignment and turn it in to my mailbox at school – take it to the front desk in the administration building.

Dr. Wells

Directions to the Cabrillo Marine Aquarium:

From PIERCE take the San Diego Freeway south to the Harbor (110) Freeway - San Pedro. Continue on the Harbor Freeway south, take the Catalina exit/Harbor Blvd (towards Vincent Thomas Bridge). Turn right at the end of the offramp and take Harbor Blvd. all the way to 22nd St. ** Turn right on 22nd and then left on Pacific Ave (second traffic light). Take Pacific Ave with Fort Mac Arthur on your left to 36th street. Turn left onto Stephen White Drive and follow curve to right to Cabrillo Beach. There is limited free parking along the street or pull into the lot at the Aquarium.

From the Boat Dock. Take the Bridge back and exit at Harbor Blvd. Turn right onto Harbor Blvd. and go all the way to 22nd St. Then follow the directions above starting at the **.

The Aquarium is open every day except Monday. To check on the hours the aquarium is open call 310/548-7562.

Visit the exhibits below and answer the questions to the best of your ability. You will need to take your course guide along to answer some of the questions. Plan at least 2 hours to complete the exercise. There is a wealth of interesting information and live exhibits at the aquarium - I suggest bringing a friend and exploring the entire aquarium. If you are hungry I recommend lunch or dinner at the Lighthouse Deli on the corner of Pacific Ave. and 39th Street. From the aquarium turn left onto Pacific Ave. - it is 3 blocks up to the right on 39th St.

Name:______

CABRILLO MARINE AQUARIUM EXERCISE

Exhibit: Kelp Forest

1. List the different species of fish in this exhibit and where in the water column they spend the majority of their time. Are they primarily associated with the top or canopy, the middle or are they found near the bottom. Compare the way the different species of fish swim. Do they swim constantly or do they tend to stay in one place? Fishes that are well camouflaged tend to remain motionless except for when they move to Aambush@ their prey or escape from a predator. What type of mouth do they have? Is the mouth large, medium or small relative to the body? A fish with a large mouth is generally a piscivore (eats fish), smaller mouths are associated with feeding on invertebrates. Do any of the fish have very small Apicker@ mouths?

Species Location in Mouth type Swimming type kelp

2. What is the difference in the form and size of the male, female and juvenile sheephead fish? (You will find the juvenile in the exhibit on territorial fishes.) The form of these fishes causes them to partition their food - that is they do not feed on the same food items. The males feed on urchins and large invertebrates with their well developed crushing teeth, the females on smaller invertebrates and the juveniles are pickers feeding on still smaller creatures.

3. What invertebrates are found on the rocky bottom of the kelp forest? You can identify them by looking through the other exhibits and with your course guides. List the food of those species that are included in your course guide. 4. Give two examples of two kelp forest fishes which are camouflaged and explain how their coloration is effective in concealing them.

Exhibit: Disappearance of Giant Kelp

1. What is the scientific name of the Giant Kelp?

2. What commercially important substances are derived from kelp?

3. Name four different products which contain substances derived from kelp and explain the use of the kelp substances in the product.

4. When were the kelp forest of southern California reduced in number and size?

5. What factors are thought to have been responsible for their reduction? 6. What steps were taken in a effort to increase the abundance kelp?

7. How successful have the efforts increase the abundance of kelp been?

Exhibit: Color Change in Fishes Color change is a common feature in fishes. Answer the following questions as best you can from the exhibit. Speculate and explain if you are not certain of the answer.

1. What species of fish are in this exhibit?

2. What is the value of the ability to change color to these fish?

3. How does these fish feed, chasing or ambushing?

4. What structures do fish use to change color? Is it a permanent or temporary color change?

Exhibit: Camouflage

1. Which species of fish are in this exhibit? 2. What habit do all these fishes have in common? (Hint: what are they doing as you look at them?)

3. Do they have any features other than camouflage which help to conceal them?

Exhibit: Territorial Fishes

1. List the species of fish in the exhibit.

2. Observe the behavior of the fishes. Which species chases the most frequently?

3. Observe the fins, are they normally extended outwards or are they folded back? What effect does this have on their apparent size?

4. Do these fishes tend to be camouflaged or conspicuously colored? Why do you suppose this is so?