Use the Word in the Right-Hand Column to Form One Word That Fits Into the Space in the Text

Unit 2: JOBS

1) VOCABULARY Use the word in the right-hand column to form one word that fits into the space in the text.

Jobs in Food Science ...... in the food manufacturing industry link farmers and other agricultural Work producers with consumers. They do this by processing raw materials such as vegetables, fruits, grains, meats, and dairy ...... into finished goods. Food Producer Quality control and food quality assurance are vital to food and beverage companies. Food manufacturing jobs support products such as chocolate, cereals, frozen food, bakery, rice, milling, snack foods and other ...... products. Nutrient When considering a career in food science, first consider what aspects of food technology and food science most appeal to you. Secondly, you should seek detailed ...... from professional bodies. Many people in the food science field Inform have a background or interest in biochemistry, biology, research and ...... Develop (R&D), chemical engineering, nutrition science or microbiology. Food technology jobs can be found with companies such as Cargill, Nestle and ConAgra. Food science is the study of all ...... aspects of food, beginning with the slaughtering and harvesting Technician of the raw food product, and ending with its cooking and ...... The food science Consume discipline is considered one of the life sciences, and it is often considered distinct from the field of nutrition. Some activities of food scientists ...... design of Inclusion processes to produce the foods, development of new food products, ...... of Choose packaging materials, shelf-life studies, ...... evaluation of the product with Sense trained experts as well as food ingredients, chemical and microbiological testing. Some jobs food science are: sensory analyst jobs, which are the study of how food is perceived by the consumer's senses; jobs in food safety, which deal with the Prevent causes, ...... and communication dealing with food-borne ...... ; food Ill chemistry jobs, which deal with the molecular composition of food and the ...... Involve of these molecules in chemical reactions; food engineering jobs, which handle the industrial processes used to manufacture food; food research jobs, which deal with the ...... of new food products; food microbiology jobs, which handle the Inventor positive and negative interactions between micro-organisms and foods. http://jobnetdb.com/Jobs-Food-Science/

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VOCABULARY GAPFILL a. Write the correct words in the spaces in the text. There are three extra words.

Acquaintances Idea Mind Position Trade By far Interviews People Post Chances Maximum Personnel Recruiting

The key to getting worthwhile …………………………….. is to make the maximum use of all the resources available. The more interviews you get, the more valuable experience you gain, and the more exposure you get the greater your …………………………….. are of getting the job you really want. The various types or categories of resources available are as follows:  Personal contacts  Professional or …………………………….. associations  …………………………….. firms  Government organizations  Positions available ads  Placement offices  Employment agencies  State employment agencies

PERSONAL CONTACTS …………………………….. the most significant people to help you in your job search are your personal contacts. Most of your personal contacts will be relatives, friends, or ……………………………... Do not be reluctant to approach these people as they are extremely valuable and you must utilize them to your …………………………….. advantage. This group may include:  Relatives  Bosses, peers and subordinates (including those met  Personal friends during internships)  University ……………………………..  Bankers, lawyers, public accountants, stock-brokers,  Work colleagues, past and present doctors and dentists You should do some careful thinking about who you should include. Make a list of those that you can think of off the top of your head. Keep in …………………………….. that your interest is in coming up with names of individuals you think well of, and feel are in a …………………………….. to be of help to you directly or indirectly. Source: How to Get the Job you Want

2) COMPREHENSION GAPFILL a. Choose the correct word or expression to insert in the spaces.

FOOD TECHNOLOGIST The food technologist’s job is to make sure food products are produced safely, legally – 1 – are of the quality claimed. They could be involved in developing the manufacturing processes and – 2 – of food and drink products and may work on existing and newly-discovered ingredients – 3 – order to invent new recipes and concepts. Technologists modify foods to create products such – 4 – fat-free items and ready meals. They often work closely with the product development teams – 5 – help deliver factory-ready recipes based on the development kitchen samples. Some food technologists are – 6 – in conducting experiments and producing sample products, as well as designing the processes and – 7 – for making products with a consistent flavour, colour and texture in large quantities. This – 8 – done within a strict and ever-changing regulatory framework around the treatment of foodstuffs. – 9 – this reason, a food technologist must keep up to date with relevant legislation. – 10 – work involves building relationships with suppliers and customers, as well as ensuring that products are profitable.

1. a. for b. and c. when d. then 6. a. involved b. busy c. doing d. mixed 2. a. menus b. lists c. recipes d. orders 7. a. equipments b. workings c. machinery d. structures 3. a. on b. to c. for d. in 8. a. must to be b. must be c. must have d. must have been 4. a. as b. like c. of d. which 9. a. for b. on c. by d. in 5. a. for b. to c. in d. by 10. a. the b. -- c. a d. one

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3) WORD FORMATION a. Write the correct form of the words in the margin in the spaces.

Food Technologist Responsibilities The job can vary depending on the type of ______, the area of work, 1. employment e.g. manufacturing, retail or public sector, and the area of specialism. However, tasks may ______: 2. Inclusion

 modifying existing products and ______3. processing and developing new ones; 4. safely  checking and improving ______and quality control procedures in their own and suppliers' factories, from the 5. finishing raw material stage through to the ______product; 6. lately  researching current consumer markets and ______technologies to develop new product concepts; 7. supply  selecting raw materials and other ingredients from 8. base ______; 9. profits  preparing product costings ______on raw 10. manager materials and manufacturing costs to ensure ______products;  auditing suppliers or ______internal 11. developing audits; 12. complained  coordinating launches of new products or running trials alongside or together with product ______; 13. specify  dealing with any customer ______14. reduction investigations or product issues; 15. efficient  compiling, checking and approving product 16. package ______and labelling;  undertaking long-term projects with other departments, e.g. ______waste by improving ______;  working on ______innovation and technology.

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4) READING COMPREHENSION a. Read the following article and look up all words and expressions you do not know.

Want a job? Study Food and Agriculture – by Jeffrey Dorfman

Many parents and children today worry about both what college costs and whether after spending all that money they will be able to get a good job. In general, college graduates do get jobs after graduation but still families of current and approaching college students are concerned. One way to reduce the risk of post-graduate unemployment or underemployment is to gain skills in a field with a shortage of skilled workers. A great example of what students might study is food and agricultural systems. The U.S. Department of Agriculture forecasts that over the next five years the annual demand for college graduates in agriculture and food industries will be 57,900 jobs per year. Unfortunately, American agricultural colleges will only be producing about 35,400 graduates per year. Right now, this shortfall in college graduates with majors in agriculture are being filled by graduates with other, related majors. But the employers would prefer graduates with more background in agriculture. Furthermore, these jobs are not all in direct production agriculture (that is, farming), which accounts for only 15% of these jobs. The other 85% are in the broader food and fiber industry. In fact, 50% of these jobs are in business and management. For example, food processors such as Campbell’s Soup or Tyson Food need people to manage their production facilities, marketing campaigns, and finances. Twelve percent of the jobs are in agricultural education, communication or government agencies that regulate and support the food and fiber industries. As agriculture becomes more global, there are good jobs available for students with an interest in international finance and policy and also for those who can speak a foreign language. The remaining 27% of these agricultural jobs are in the STEM fields (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math). These jobs require strong scientific, quantitative, and technical training and employers are also looking for familiarity with agricultural and food systems. For example, a large meat or poultry processing company will likely prefer a geneticist who is an animal or poultry science major with genetics training. A food processing company looking for a food safety specialist will choose a food science major over a microbiologist with no specific training in food safety. So for college students, soon-to-be college students, and parents hoping for a good return on their investment in tuition, think agriculture. People will always eat, so jobs in producing, processing, transporting, and selling food will never go away. For good-paying, rewarding, and secure employment, college students would be well-served to find a major in food and agriculture.

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5) READING COMPREHENSION

b. Read the following article and answer the questions below.

DO YOUR HOMEWORK ON THE COMPANY (How to Get the Job you Want)

Once you have an interview lined up with a company, take whatever time is required to do your homework on the organization. You should do everything you can to arm yourself with all the data you can to impress the interviewer with your knowledge of the organization. Openings will present themselves in the interview for you to demonstrate your knowledge and, of course, you'll want to ask questions which are pertinent. The interviewer always gives points to those who have done their homework. Information you need is easily obtainable from the internet, national and international bodies and numerous other sources. Annual stockholders reports are among the best sources of all the information you want to know about a company. These are especially good because they discuss the current activities of the company, products, distribution channels, problems, and all the statistics you would want to know. The best source for obtaining stockholders’ reports is directly from the company of concern, but they may also be obtained from the internet or the chamber of commerce. The Public Relations department is usually the department to call for such information. Once you have the information you want, develop an interview questionnaire outline. This should be made up of succinct, concise questions concerning the industry, company, and the job. If you prepare this correctly, you will be loaded with knowledge you can put to good use. You will want to develop some questions which lead into your experience and accomplishments. Thus, you guide the interviewer into gaining a proper image of you and how you can contribute to the company. Avoid going into an interview unless you have thoroughly researched the company. Surveys show that not being familiar with the company will definitely jeopardize an applicant’s chances in a very high percentage of cases.

1. What does the phrasal verb “lined up” in the 4. Why is the PR department the best source for first line mean? information on the company? a. In a queue a. Because it deals with marketing b. Aligned b. Because it deals with statistics c. Arranged c. Because it deals as an interface between d. Decided the company and the public d. Because they like giving information 2. What should you do to impress the interviewer? 5. Why should you use questions which lead into a. Ask a lot of questions your experience and accomplishments? b. Research the company before going to a. Because you want to talk about yourself the interview b. To show you have a load of knowledge c. Take along a lot of data c. To make a good impression d. Ask the interviewer for homework d. So that you can show the interviewer you are a suitable candidate for the company 3. Why should you try to obtain a copy of the 6. What does the word “jeopardize” at the end of Annual Report of the company? the last paragraph mean? a. Because it contains a lot of useful a. Fail information b. Ruin b. Because then you won’t have to ask the c. Block interviewer any questions d. Put at risk c. Because you can talk to the PR department d. Because it isn’t published on the internet.

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5) READING COMPREHENSION c. Read the following list of skills that employers look for in a job candidate. Match the description sentences a-j to the skills 1-10.

What Do Employers Really Want? Top Skills and Values Employers Seek from Job-Seekers by Randall S. Hansen, Ph.D., and Katharine Hansen, Ph.D. http://www.quintcareers.com/job_skills_values.html

Every employer is looking for a specific set of skills from job-seekers that match the skills necessary to perform a particular job. But beyond these job-specific technical skills, certain skills are nearly universally sought by employers. The good news is that most job-seekers possess these skills to some extent. The better news is that job-seekers with weaknesses in these areas can improve their skills through training, professional development, or obtaining coaching/mentoring from someone who understands these skills. Once you understand the skills and characteristics that most employer seek, you can tailor your job- search communication -- your CV/resumé, cover letter, and interview language -- to show how well your background aligns with common employer requirements.

Skills Most Sought After by Employers 1. Communications Skills (listening, verbal, written). By far, the one skill mentioned most often by employers is the ability to listen, write, and speak effectively. Successful communication is critical in business. 2. Analytical/Research Skills. Deals with your ability to assess a situation, seek multiple perspectives, gather more information if necessary, and identify key issues that need to be addressed. 3. Computer/Technical Literacy. Almost all jobs now require understanding of computer hardware and software, especially word processing, spreadsheets, and email. 4. Flexibility/Adaptability/Managing Multiple Priorities. Deals with your ability to manage multiple assignments and tasks, set priorities, and adapt to changing conditions and work assignments. 5. Interpersonal Abilities. The ability to relate to your co-workers, inspire others to participate, and mitigate conflict with co-workers is essential. 6. Leadership/Management Skills. While there is some debate about whether leadership is something people are born with, these skills deal with your ability to take charge and manage your co-workers. 7. Multicultural Sensitivity/Awareness. There is possibly no bigger issue in the workplace than diversity, and job-seekers must demonstrate a sensitivity and awareness to other people and cultures. 8. Planning/Organizing. Deals with your ability to design, plan, organize, and implement projects and tasks within an allotted timeframe. Also involves goal-setting. 9. Problem-Solving/Reasoning/Creativity. Involves the ability to find solutions to problems using your creativity, reasoning, and past experiences along with the available information and resources. 10. Teamwork. Because so many jobs involve working in one or more work-groups, you must have the ability to work with others in a professional manner while attempting to achieve a common goal.

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Description sentences: a. Resourceful team player who excels at building trusting relationships with customers and colleagues. b. Proven relationship-builder with unsurpassed interpersonal skills. c. Results-driven achiever with exemplary planning and organizational skills, along with a high degree of detail orientation. d. Exceptional listener and communicator who effectively conveys information verbally and in writing. e. Computer-literate performer with extensive software proficiency covering wide variety of applications. f. Goal-driven leader who maintains a productive climate and confidently motivates, mobilizes, and coaches employees to meet high performance standards. g. Highly analytical thinking with demonstrated talent for identifying, scrutinizing, improving, and streamlining complex work processes. h. Innovative problem-solver who can generate workable solutions and resolve complaints. i. Flexible team player who thrives in environments requiring ability to effectively prioritize and juggle multiple concurrent projects. j. Personable professional whose strengths include cultural sensitivity and an ability to build rapport with a diverse workforce in multicultural settings.

6) LISTENING COMPREHENSION

a. Listen to the text and write the missing information in the gaps.

1. One way to reduce the risk of post-graduate unemployment or underemployment is to ______in a field with a shortage of skilled workers.

2. How many graduates per year will American agricultural colleges be producing? ______

3. What is another term for “direct production agriculture? ______

4. What do government agencies do for the food and fiber industries? ______

5. What kind of processing company would prefer a geneticist? ______

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7) VERB TENSES: Southern California Job Market : The New Jobs http://articles.latimes.com/1991-03-04/business/fi-268_1_food-science

She wears a white coat, not an apron; works on a lab bench, not a kitchen counter, and bears the title "chemist," not "chef," but Jennifer Farnady is intimately involved with the food you eat. Only you'd never know it unless you were an avid reader of food packaging. Jennifer Farnady 1. MAKE …………………………. gellan gum, an ingredient that thickens pastry fillings, ice creams and jams. If 2. NEVER TASTE …………………………. it, don't worry; it has no flavor. If you've never noticed it at all, that's no problem either; it has no nutritional value. People have to eat, so food-processing companies generally feel economic downturns less than other manufacturers. In this era of two-income families, technological advances that increase foods' convenience are all the rage. And fewer students 3. HEAD …………………………. toward science-oriented college majors. "We 4. Mod. SEE …………………………. more jobs than people, especially at entry level," said Fred Caporaso, chairman of the Food Science and Nutrition Department at Chapman College in Orange. "I 5. GET …………………………. calls from companies, three to six each week, wanting students. But fewer and fewer students 6. NOW GRADUATE ………………………….." The news in the food-technology area--jobs that range from product developers such as Farnady to quality-control technicians and technical sales people--is not all good. The recent spate of mergers and acquisitions 7. LEAVE …………………………. many food companies with tightened budgets. But the news is still better than in many areas of employment. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that between January, 1990, and January, 1991, employment in the manufacture of food 8. RISE …………………………. by 7,000. That's a 0.4% gain, compared to a 0.2% gain in the total work force, said economist Bill Goodman. "There's no question that there's this long-term trend toward consumption of more highly processed foods," said Jon Sargent, an economist with the labor bureau's Office of Employment Projections. "It 9. START …………………………. in the '50s and '60s with the advent of the TV dinner and includes, more recently, special microwave meals. Those are the products that come from food scientists." Sargent 10. CALL …………………………. food science "a kind of unglamorous job that maybe doesn't get its due recognition." Farnady, who 11. WORK …………………………. in the Gellan Gum Food Applications Laboratory at Kelco Corp. in San Diego, calls it a great job that still offers opportunity, especially for those with advanced degrees. "I 12. SEE …………………………. through the years that the market has gone down," Farnady said. "But it's still an area where there are jobs available." Farnady, 26, 13. GRADUATE …………………………. from Chapman College with a bachelor's degree in food science and nutrition. Although her company offers advancement based in part on experience, she says she can see how her lack of a master's degree could be a hindrance. Michael Kushkin, president of Roth Young Personnel in Bedford Heights, Ohio, said that qualified food scientists 14. CURRENTLY HUNT …………………………. by several major manufacturers. They are looking for people with basic science degrees and master's degrees. Chapman's Caporaso notes that the Southland is the No. 3 food manufacturing center in the United States, behind New York and Chicago. That makes it a good site for those searching for food-technology jobs. On the downside, however, is the fact that one of the largest employers is Hunt-Wesson Inc., a division of ConAgra, which 15. CHANGE …………………………. hands four times since 1983. Such changes often mean cuts in budgets and some redundancy in jobs between the newly acquired firm and the parent company. "A few years back, we 16. HAVE …………………………. quite a bit of growth," said Kay Carpenter, spokeswoman for Hunt-Wesson, which is located in Fullerton. "But at the present time, 17. (NEG) FILL …………………………. many positions."