Diffusion and Osmosis Problems

Name: Diffusion and Osmosis Problems

1. A dialysis tubing bag is filled with a solution containing a 0.4 M fructose solution. The bag is tied off and placed into a beaker containing a 0.1 M sucrose solution. After 1 hour, the contents of the bag and beaker are tested. The tubing is permeable to water and fructose, but impermeable to sucrose. a. Draw a diagram showing the contents of the bag and beaker and the movement of the molecules between them.

b. At the end of the experiment, the fructose will be found: c. At the end of the experiment the sucrose will be found: d. Will water having moved into the bag? e. Which is more hypertonic, the bag or the beaker?

2. A cell with a 0.01 M concentration of glucose is put into a test tube with a 0.01 M solution of glucose. Is the environment hypertonic, isotonic or hypotonic?

3. A cell with a 0.01 M concentration of NaCl is put into a test tube with a 0.1 M concentration of NaCl. Is the environment hypertonic, isotonic or hypotonic?

4. The cell membrane of a red blood cell is permeable to water, but not NaCl. Red blood cells normally have a NaCl concentration of 0.9 %. a. What will happen to a red blood cell that is put into a solution of 0.5% NaCl and why? b. What will happen to a red blood cell put into a solution of 1.6% NaCl and why? c. What will happen to a red blood cell that is put into distilled water and why?

5. If you put a carrot into distilled water it will become firmer. But if you put it into salt water, it becomes limp. Compared to distilled water the carrot is ______and compared to the salt water the carrot is ______(use hyper, hypo or isotonic) 6. A U-tube with a selectively permeable membrane is permeable to substance A and water, but is impermeable to substance B. 40 g of substance A and 20 g of substance B are put into side 1 along with water. 20 g of A and 40 g of B are added to side 2 along with water. After a period of time, the solutions reach equilibrium. a. What will the final amount of substance A be on side 1? (answer in g) b. What will the final amount of substance B be on side 1? c. What will the final amount of substance A be on side 2? d. What will the final amount of substance B be on side 2? e. What will happen to the water levels in the U-tube at the end of the experiment and why?

f. At the beginning of the experiment, what term (hyper, hypo or isotonic) would best describe side 1 relative to side 2? g. At the beginning of the experiment, what term (hyper, hypo or isotonic) would best describe side 1’s concentration of A relative to side 2’s concentration of A?

7. Dialysis tubing bags are impermeable to sucrose are labeled with letters and filled with different concentrations of sucrose and placed in beakers with 5 M sucrose solution. The mass of each bag is measured every 10 minutes for an hour. Based on this graph of the results, a. Which bag was isotonic to the sucrose solution? b. Which bag had the highest initial concentration of sucrose? c. Which bag was initially hypertonic to the solution in the beaker?

8. A dialysis tubing bag containing substances A and B is placed into a beaker of water containing a solution of C and D. After a period of time, it is found that the beaker contains C, D and B and the bag contains A, B and C. a. To which substances is the bag permeable? b. What can you deduce about the relative sizes of substances A, B, C and D? c. Are the pores in the dialysis tubing bag larger or smaller than A?