Plants Review Sheet

PLANTS REVIEW SHEET

Chapters

Chapter 29 Plant Tissues Chapter 30 Plant Nutrition and Transport Chapter 31 Plant Reproduction Chapter 32 Plant Growth and Development

Objectives

1. You should be familiar with the general structure of plants and how these structures are important in its proximal goal in the production of energy and it ultimate goal of reproduction. 2. You should be familiar with the three names and functions of the major categories of plant tissues, as well as the names and functions of the simple and complex tissues. 3. You should be able to diagram, label, and describe the function of the anatomical parts of the typical monocot and dicot roots, stems, and leaves. 4. You should know the structural differences between the monocots and dicots, and be able to give examples of both types of plants. 5. You should be able to compare and contrast the meristem tissues with regards to there location and association with primary and secondary growth in a plant. 6. You should be able compare and contrast the structure, function, and location of the parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma tissues in plants. 7. You should be able to explain the importance of secondary growth in woody plants, be able to explain the function of woody growth, and be able to describe and diagram how secondary growth occurs in woody plants. 8. You should be able to explain how seasonal changes in abiotic factors are associated with changes in secondary growth that result in particular tree ring patterns. 9. You should be able to explain the function of the stoma in relation to photosynthesis and water transport, be able to explain how and why guard cells react to changes in water availability and daily light conditions. 10. You should be able to name the plant anatomical structures associated with the transport of sugar, as well as describe the process associated with its transport. 11. You should be able to name the plant anatomical structures associated with the transport of water, as well as describe the three mechanisms responsible for the transport of water. 12. You should be able to name and describe the function of the typical anatomical parts of a simple flower. 13. You should be able to describe the development of the sperm and egg cells from the microspore and megaspore precursor cells, describe the process of double fertilization, and compare and contrast the life cycle of plants and animals. 14. You should be able to explain the importance of pollen, seeds, fruits, and the life cycle of a flowering plant in its success at conquering the terrestrial environment. 15. You should be able to name and explain the importance of particular abiotic factors in the germination of a seed. 16. You should be able to name and describe the variety of functions of the five categories of common plant hormones. 17. You should be able to name the three types of tropisms common in plant growth and explain the general mechanism by which they work. 18. You should be able to comment on the origin of soil, as well as common soil nutrients important for healthy plant growth and development. 19. You should be able to discuss manners of asexual reproduction in plants, and discuss the importance of such mechanisms. 20. You should be able to discuss daily circadian and seasonal behavioral patterns in plants.

Vocabulary

Shoots roots ground tissue vascular tissue Dermal tissue apical meristem transitional meristem lateral meristem Vascular cambium cork cambium parenchyma collenchyma Sclerenchyma xylem phloem epidermis Cuticle stoma dicots monocots Cotyledons netlike veins parallel veins cortex Pith endodermis leaf palisade mesophyll Spongy mesophyll vascular cylinder annuals biennials Perennials primary growth secondary growth primary xylem Primary phloem secondary xylem secondary phloem bark Heartwood sapwood growth rings early wood Late wood soil soil profile soil horizons Minerals Phosphorus potassium nitrogen Organic material casparian strip root hairs transpiration Tracheids vessel members cohesion-tension guard cells Turgor pressure sieve tubes companion cells translocation Pressure flow theory source sink alternation of generations Sporophyte gametophyte diploid haploid Meiosis mitosis fertilization sperm Eggs microspores megaspores pistil or carpel Stigma style ovary ovule Stamen anther filament petal Sepal receptacle pollination double fertilization Fruit simple dry fruit simple fleshy fruit accessory fruit Aggregate fruit multiple fruit simple ovary compound ovary Seed pericarp endocarp mesocarp Exocarp seed dispersal vegetative growth asexual reproduction Seed germination imbibition primary root auxin Gibberellins cytokinins abscisic acid ethylene Dormancy herbicide tropism gravitropism Phototropism thigmotropism statoliths phytochrome Circadian rhythm photoperiodism long-day plants short-day plants Day-neutral plants abscission senescence blade Petiole simple leaf compound leaf evergreen leaf Deciduous leaf lateral roots simple tissues complex tissues Capillarity active transport photosynthesis hydrogen bonding pollen