2. the Following Is a Summary of Events Since the Last Notes Were Published
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Security Notes 28 May – 28 June 2011
1. Security Situation: There was one violent terror related incident in the kingdom this reporting period. Two Saudi border guards were killed and one other injured when a motorist travelling in a jeep opened fire on them near the Yemeni frontier in Najran Province. The security forces pursued the assailant, who had been challenged after attempting to illegally cross into Yemen, and killed him after a gunfight. The gunman turned out to be a wanted terror suspect whose weapon was later linked to the killing of a policeman in Qassim more than a month ago. Other events of significance in the Kingdom included small numbers of Saudi ladies participating in driving demonstrations and initiating publicity with the intended objective of gaining the right to drive vehicles in Saudi Arabia. On a different demonstration subject, although not receiving much publicity, some small peaceful demonstrations by Shia in Eastern Saudi Arabia evidently occurred. Considerable concern among expatriates about localization/Saudiization emphasis by the Saudi Government is appearing in several press articles this month. In the region the most significant event was the web posting on 2 June of a 100-minute video advocating lone wolf attacks in the West along with other Jihadist objectives and advice. Also of note was continuing turmoil and violence in Yemen and to a lesser extent in Bahrain. The US Embassy released one warden message this reporting period. The message contained familiar general security precautions as well as specifically mentioning the 2 June Al Qaeda video posting mentioned above and cautioning against posting personal and company information on social media.
2. The following is a summary of events since the last notes were published: a. 28 May 11: Prince Khalid Bin Sultan: Situation in Yemen is "Regrettable": Saudi Arabian Assistant Minister of Defense, Minister of Aviation, and Inspector General for Military Affairs, Prince Khalid Bin Sultan Bin Abdulaziz, described the events that are currently taking place in Yemen as being "regrettable." During a press conference in Tabuk following Prince Sultan's patronage of the 4th Conference for the Military Courts and Councils of the North Western Military Region, he told journalists that he hoped that the current incidents in Yemen will end in the best interests of the Yemeni people. The Saudi Arabian Assistant Minister of Defense stressed that Saudi Arabia is always ready for all circumstances, particularly with regards to national stability and the security of its borders. He also expressed hope that reason and prudence would prevail in Yemen to help the country overcome the political crisis that it is facing. In response to a question as to whether Saudi Arabia is concerned about the political differences in Iran, and whether this could affect stability in the region, Prince Khalid Bin Sultan stressed that he was extremely confident that the Saudi leadership would be able to tackle any developments. He stressed that Riyadh takes all accounts into consideration, seeks prudence with its regional neighbors, and is keen to bring security and prosperity to the region. Prince Khalid Bin Sultan also revealed that Saudi Arabian military units based in the North Western province have been deployed to the Eastern Province as part of a mission to support the Gulf Cooperation Council's Peninsula Shield force, adding that this decision was taken by the GCC leadership.
1 b. 28 May 11: Yemen On Brink Of Civil War, Protesters Gather: Supporters and opponents of Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh were expected to hold large rival demonstrations Friday after a week of clashes in the capital threatened to tip the country into civil war. A tribal group said it had defeated forces loyal to Saleh and taken over a military camp about 100 km from the capital. c. 28 May 11: Saudi Arabia Scrambles to Limit Region’s Upheaval: Saudi Arabia is flexing its financial and diplomatic might across the Middle East in a wide-ranging bid to contain the tide of change, shield fellow monarchs from popular discontent and avert the overthrow of any more leaders struggling to calm turbulent republics. From Egypt, where the Saudis dispensed $4 billion in aid last week to shore up the ruling military council, to Yemen, where it is trying to ease out the president, to the kingdoms of Jordan and Morocco, which it has invited to join a union of Gulf monarchies, Saudi Arabia is scrambling to forestall more radical change and block Iran’s influence. The kingdom is aggressively emphasizing the relative stability of monarchies, part of an effort to avert any dramatic shift from the authoritarian model, which would generate uncomfortable questions about the glacial pace of political and social change at home. Saudi Arabia’s proposal to include Jordan and Morocco in the six-member Gulf Cooperation Council — which authorized the Saudis to send in troops to quell a largely Shiite Muslim rebellion in the Sunni Muslim monarchy of Bahrain — is intended to create a kind of “Club of Kings.” The idea is to signal Shiite Iran that the Sunni Arab monarchs will defend their interests, analysts said. “We’re sending a message that monarchies are not where this is happening,” Prince Waleed bin Talal al-Saud, a businessman and high-profile member of the habitually reticent royal family, told The New York Times’ editorial board, referring to the unrest. “We are not trying to get our way by force, but to safeguard our interests.” The range of the Saudi intervention is extraordinary as the unrest pushes Riyadh’s hand to forge what some commentators, in Egypt and elsewhere, brand a “counterrevolution.” Some Saudi and foreign analysts find the term too sweeping for the steps the Saudis have actually taken, though it appears unparalleled in the region and beyond as the kingdom reaches out to ally with non-Arab Muslim states as well. d. 30 May 11: Suspected Al Qaeda Gunmen Reportedly Seize Yemeni City: Suspected Al Qaeda gunmen have overrun the southern Yemeni city of Zinjibar after heavy clashes with security forces left 16 dead, an official said. Two other officials said that fighting raged in the city, with 15 soldiers and one civilian killed in the violence. "About 300 Islamic militants and Al Qaeda men came into Zinjibar and took over everything," one resident told Reuters. A security official said that he estimated over 200 militants attacked the city. Another official said the attackers "took over all government facilities". Residents also said the gunmen freed dozens of prisoners from the city's main prison and that battles were still ongoing Sunday morning. Armed tribesman loyal to Sheik Sadeq al-Ahmar, the head of the powerful Hashid tribe, stand guard a street in Sanaa, Yemen. Fighting that rocked Sanaa for the past five days spread beyond the capital as Yemeni tribesmen opposed to the rule of President Ali Abdullah Saleh seized a Republican Guard military camp in battles that left dozens dead and prompted airstrikes by government warplanes, according to a tribal leader. Opposition to Yemen's President, Ali Abdullah Saleh, accused the leader that he allowed the city to fall to raise fears of Al Qaeda and boost his international support. The clashes came while Saleh and the country's most powerful tribal leader agreed on Saturday to end five days of gun battles between forces 2 loyal to each side that killed 124 people and pushed the country's political crisis closer to civil war. Although it could prevent bloodshed, the agreement will do little to solve the wider crisis, with Saleh rejecting efforts to negotiate his exit. e. 02 June 11: Two Part Al Qaeda Video: Al Qaeda central leadership’s media wing, al- Sahab, released a 100-minute documentary calling for extremists to carry out individual “lone-wolf”-styled attacks in western countries, (specifically naming the United States, the UK, and France), and have distributed it widely on jihadist forums and mainstream video sites. f. 02 June 11: Gun Battles In Yemen Capital Kill 39: Gun battles raged on the streets of Yemen's capital, Sana, killing 39 people, witnesses say as a truce between security forces and tribesmen collapsed, residents fled and embassies bolted their doors. A medic at Jumhuriya hospital said 37 people, most of them combatants, were killed in clashes in Sanaa, while an AFP photographer said the bodies of two other tribesmen were taken to Al-Ulum hospital during the day. The heavy fighting prompted Kuwait to withdraw its diplomatic staff from the city, one day after Italy closed its embassy on concerns of escalating violence following threats against European missions. The fighting between tribesmen loyal to Sheikh Sadiq al-Ahmar, who heads the powerful Hashid federation, and security forces loyal to embattled President Ali Abdullah Saleh broke out in the city on Tuesday. It ended a truce, after a week of fierce clashes that erupted when Saleh warned of a civil war as he refused to sign a Gulf-brokered plan for him to give up office as demanded by protesters. Ahmar had in March pledged his support for protesters who have been demonstrating since January for the departure of Saleh, who has been in power since 1978. g. 03 June 11: Fighting In Yemen Capital Threatens Airport: Heavy shelling north of Yemen’s capital threatened to close the main international airport as bloody street battles between government troops and tribesmen appeared to escalate. The airport, which lies roughly six miles north of the capital, Sana was open and flights operated normally, the airport director, Naji Quddam, said in a statement, denying news reports that it had closed. But the main road to the airport from Sana remained dangerous to navigate because of government checkpoints, sporadic shelling and heavy fighting in the north of the city. There, large numbers of tribal fighters surging south toward Sana squared off against Yemeni troops at an important checkpoint in fighting that raged overnight and on Thursday. The northern checkpoint is a major barrier between the capital and Amran Province, a stronghold of the tribesmen loyal to the Ahmar family who have been battling the government for 10 days, pushing the country to the edge of civil war. Government troops have tried to seal off the city to prevent rural tribesmen from joining the fight there. By the afternoon, a government spokesman said the attack had been repelled with tanks and heavy artillery. “The tribesmen of Hussein al-Ahmar tried to come to Sana to help his brothers,” said the spokesman, Abdul Jandi. “But they were forced to return from the checkpoint of Al Azrakeen to Amran.” Tanks and armored vehicles were seen rolling into Sana from the south. The streets of city were largely empty, as residents fled for the safety of surrounding villages. Exploding artillery shells and machine-gun fire could be heard across the city. Despite his repeated public offers to step aside to ease the crisis in the country, Yemen’s authoritarian president, Ali Abdullah Saleh, appeared to be gearing up for a major assault on the Ahmar family, his tribal rivals and political
3 opponents. The violence here has transformed a largely peaceful uprising into a tribal conflict with no clear end in sight. The United States and Yemen’s Arab neighbors like Saudi Arabia, which have tried and failed to mediate a peaceful solution to the country’s political crisis, are reduced to sitting on the sidelines and pleading for restraint. The bloodshed also threatens to unleash a humanitarian catastrophe, as Yemen, already the poorest country in the Arab world, runs desperately low on gasoline, cooking oil and other basic supplies. It also raises fears that Islamic militants who use Yemen as a base will have even freer rein to operate in the country. The rising chaos has become a major concern for the White House, which announced that John O. Brennan, President Obama’s top counterterrorism adviser, would be traveling to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates this week to discuss “the deteriorating situation in Yemen.” h. 04 June 11: Bahrain Police Suppress Protest: Bahraini police have fired tear gas and rubber bullets at protesters marching against the government near the capital Manama, eyewitnesses say. The crackdown came just two days after the tiny Gulf kingdom's authorities lifted emergency rule. The protesters in Manama were marching adjacent to the city's Pearl Roundabout, which was the epicenter of weeks of protests against the kingdom's Sunni rulers, with demonstrators in particular demanding more rights for the island nation's majority Shia population. There were no immediate reports of injuries during the protests, the eyewitnesses said. They spoke on condition of anonymity, fearing reprisals. Witnesses said that police fired tear gas at a crowd of hundreds of people who had gathered to mourn Zainab Altajer, who died on Thursday. Opposition activists said she died as a result of exposure to tear gas, but the government said her death was due to natural causes. The protesters marched through the village of Sanabis, adjacent to the Pearl roundabout. i. 05 June 11: Bahrain Wary Of Protests Before Formula One Ruling: Bahrain, eager for Formula One organizers to reinstate a motor race postponed after popular protests erupted in February, acted to prevent any unrest after lifting martial law earlier in the week. Police patrolled the streets of Manama and villages around the capital to snuff out any pro-democracy protests before the world motor racing body meets to decide whether Bahrain can stage its prestigious Grand Prix race this year. Bahrain's Sunni royal family imposed military rule for three months and brought in Saudi and United Arab Emirates troops in mid-March to help quell protests mostly by majority Shiites. The government says the end of emergency law this week is a sign that things have gone back to normal in the island state, on the frontline of the cold war between Shiite power Iran and Sunni- ruled Gulf Arab dynasties allied with the United States. j. 07 June: Deadly Shooting on Saudi Yemeni Border: A spokesman for the interior ministry on 7 June stated that two border guards had been killed and one other injured when a motorist travelling in a jeep opened fire on them near the Yemeni frontier in Najran Province earlier the same day. The security forces pursued the assailant, who had been challenged after attempting to illegally cross into Yemen, and killed him after a gunfight; a significant quantity of ammunition was subsequently recovered from the gunman’s vehicle. k. 07 June 11: Violence, Jubilation In Yemen After Saleh’s Departure: Yemenis set off fireworks and danced in the streets to celebrate the possible end of President Ali Abdullah Saleh’s reign, as opposition politicians and diplomats scrambled to hatch a plan
4 to stop an ongoing, violent power struggle. The jubilation that gripped Sanaa, the capital, was tempered by fresh clashes in the southern city of Taiz, as well as myriad unanswered questions about how, and whether, a change of guard would play out. Residents in Sanaa reported loud explosions and sustained gunfire Sunday night, but few details about the violence were available. Saleh temporarily ceded power to his vice president to travel to Saudi Arabia for surgery, a day after having been wounded in a rocket strike on his palace. Saleh, a key U.S. ally in the fight against al-Qaeda, has struggled in recent months to weather a youth-led uprising, launching brutal crackdowns that left scores dead and prompted Western allies and powerful tribes to turn against him. l. 09 June 11: National Guard Buying Advanced Fighters to Further Boost Security: Prince Miteb bin Abdullah, state minister and commander of the National Guard, confirmed plans to purchase advanced war planes for the security organization. “Our aircraft purchase plan is progressing well. We don’t face any obstacles,” he said. Miteb made this comment while attending a graduation ceremony for the infantry regiment of the Prince Turki Brigade in Khashm Al-An, near Riyadh. He did not say what kind of aircraft the National Guard was looking for. However, he pointed out that his organization required aircraft with certain specifications. “It will take time as such planes will not be readily available like cars,” he pointed out. Miteb said the National Guard is ready to face any eventualities. “Our forces are always well-prepared to carry out its national duty, whenever it is required,” the Saudi Press Agency quoted him as saying. The prince urged the newly graduated officers to work hard in the service of the nation. He praised the high standard of military training they received. He also watched a demonstration by graduates displaying their various military skills. He later visited an exhibition organized by the National Guard, displaying its efforts to fight drugs smuggling. The prince urged all Saudis to support the government’s endeavors to combat the social evil. m. 09 June 11: Iran To Move Its Most Sensitive Nuclear Equipment To Bunker: Iran is moving its production of higher-enriched uranium to a mountain bunker where it plans to triple output by using more advanced centrifuges, state television reported. Iran says the announcement is a response to a letter Friday from Yukiya Amano, director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency, which reiterated “concerns about the possible military dimensions” of the Islamic Republic’s nuclear energy program. “Our answer is increased work in the sphere of nuclear technology and know-how,” Iranian nuclear chief Fereydoun Abbasi told reporters after a cabinet meeting. The moving of Iran’s most sensitive nuclear equipment deep inside a mountain had been predicted by Iranian nuclear officials in the past. But the sharp increase in production of uranium enriched to nearly 20 percent is new and will further heighten tensions between Iran and world powers distrustful of the nature of the Iran’s nuclear program. Currently, Iran is enriching uranium at its Natanz site, where the bulk of the output is nuclear fuel enriched to 3.5 percent suitable to power reactors that generate electricity. The new location, named Fordo, is dug deep into a mountain next to a military base near the city of Qom, a center of Shiite learning. It was long kept secret but now is monitored by the IAEA, the U.N. nuclear watchdog. The agency says there currently are no centrifuges inside the mountain bunker.
5 n. 09 June 11: Bin Laden Will "Haunt" America: Al Qaeda Deputy: Osama bin Laden's longtime lieutenant, Ayman al-Zawahri, said the United States faces rebellion throughout the Muslim world after killing the al Qaeda leader, according to a YouTube recording. In what appeared to be his first public response to bin Laden's death in a U.S. commando raid in Pakistan last month, the Egyptian-born Zawahri warned Americans not to gloat and vowed to press ahead with al Qaeda's campaign against the United States and its allies. o. 10 June 11: Border Guard Officers Killed By 'Terrorist, Not Intruder': The man who killed two Saudi Border Guard officers and injured a third was a Saudi terrorist who was trying to make his way to Yemen through the Al-Wadeeah border post, security sources told Arab News. Spokesman of the Interior Ministry Maj. Gen. Mansour Al- Turki identified the attacker as Abdullah bin Abdul Rahman Al-Sayel. The man was also involved in a fatal attack on a police office in Qassim a month ago. Speaking to Arab News on condition of anonymity, the sources said Al-Sayel was shouting slogans usually used by terrorists while he was firing at the guards. The attacker was later shot dead. Col. Abdul Jaleel Shari Al-Otaibi, who was killed in the attack, was laid to rest in Riyadh after Asr prayer, while fellow victim Sgt. Barrak bin Ali Al-Harithy was buried at the same time in his home town of Sharourah in the south of the Kingdom. p. 10 June 11: U.S. Resumes Airstrikes in Yemen; Government Forces Battle Militants: The United States and Yemen are taking on Islamic militants on the land and from the air amid fears that al Qaeda is exploiting the political chaos and leadership vacuum engulfing the unstable and impoverished Arabian Peninsula country. Yemeni government forces are trying to wrest the southern town of Zinjibar from Islamic militants, and an American official said U.S. military-led airstrikes have resumed and top insurgents have been killed. U.S. drone strikes have been conducted in the past in Yemen, and CNN National Security Contributor Fran Townsend, a former Bush Homeland Security adviser, said the current airstrikes are an "indication of the strength and confidence" President Barack Obama has in the CIA, which directs the strikes. "I think it's a resumption," Townsend said of the airstrikes." And I do think it appears to be an intensification. Some of that may be based on the threat environment and better intelligence." Widespread tumult has engulfed Yemen for months, with thousands of demonstrators who oppose the rule of President Ali Abdullah Saleh urging the president's departure. q. 10 June 11: Yemen Says Troops Killed 12 Al Qaeda Militants: Government troops trying to recapture areas held by Islamic militants have killed 12 suspected Al Qaeda members in the troubled southern province of Abyan, the Defense Ministry said. The fighting comes amid fears of a breakdown of authority in the country as the regime is locked in an uneasy standoff with rebellious tribesmen in the capital, Sanaa, following the departure of President Ali Abdullah Saleh. The Yemeni leader, who has clung to power in the face of months of massive street protests, is in Saudi Arabia to treat wounds he suffered in a rocket attack against his compound in Sanaa. The United States fears that this power vacuum will give freer rein to Al Qaeda's branch in Yemen one of the terror network's most active franchises, behind two attempted terror attacks on U.S. targets. The Defense Ministry said the militants were killed in gun battles with government troops in the province's Doves and Kod areas but gave no more details.
6 r. 12 June 11: US Arms Sales to Bahrain Surged in 2010: A government report says the US approved $200mn in military sales from American companies to Bahrain in 2010, months before the pivotal Gulf Arab ally began a harsh crackdown on protesters. The annual State Department report provides totals of authorized arms sale agreements between US defense companies and foreign governments. The latest tally showed a $112mn rise in sales to Bahrain, home to the US Navy's 5th Fleet, between the 2009 and 2010 budget years. The US had cleared $88mn in military exports to Bahrain in 2009. Much involved aircraft and military electronics, but the US also licensed $760,000 in exports of rifles, shotguns and assault weapons in 2010. Since mid-February, the kingdom has confronted demonstrators with cordons of armed military and police firing live ammunition. At least 31 people have died and hundreds more have been injured in the clashes. The possibility that American-built weapons might have been used against protesters has raised questions in the US Congress and led the department to review its defense trade relationships with several Middle East nations. Some transactions are on hold and the review has broadened into a policy reassessment that could alter US defense trade oversight. s. 12 June 11: U.S. Africa Embassy Bombing Suspect Reportedly Killed: The presumed head of Al Qaeda in East Africa, and one of the perpetrators of the 1998 US embassy bombings in Tanzania and Kenya, was reported Saturday to have been killed in war-ravaged Somalia. A U.S. official told Fox News there is "strong reason to believe" that Fazul Abdullar Mohammed was killed in the Somali capital, Mogadishu. The official says that it appears that the circumstances behind his killing do not have ties to intelligence gathered from the Usama Bin Laden raid. "We have received that communication from authorities in Somalia. We have been told that there were two terrorists who were killed in Somalia," Kenyan police commissioner Mathew Iteere said, referring to the statement by al Shabaab insurgents. Iteere said the identity of one of the two had "been given as Fazul Muhammad ... That is what we have been told by our counterparts in Somalia." In its statement, the Somali group said, "One of the men that was killed near Mogadishu was Fazul Abdullah, may Allah bless his soul. He is not dead, as thousands like him are still in the fight against the enemy of Allah." Fazul Abdullah was indicted in the US for his role in the 1998 bombings, which claimed more than 200 lives and brought Usama bin Laden to global attention. Fazul Abdullah, who was from the Comoros, an archipelago island nation in the Indian Ocean, was on the FBI's most- wanted list of international terrorists, with a reward of $5 million on offer. The FBI described Fazul Abdullah as a "computer expert" who spoke English and French and often wore baseball caps. t. 13 June 11: Fighting With Islamic Militants in Yemen Kills 40: Yemeni soldiers battled Islamic militants in an attempt to drive them from several southern towns under the control of hundreds of the fighters. The clashes killed 40 people from both sides, officials said. In a twist, the army commander leading the campaign to drive back the Islamists is among several top military figures that have turned against the country’s embattled president, Ali Abdullah Saleh, and thrown their support behind the broad protest movement pushing for his ouster. The commanders who abandoned Saleh accuse him of fomenting chaos and letting the southern towns fall into the hands of Islamic militants in an effort to persuade the United States and other Western powers that without him in charge, al-Qaeda would take control of the country. 7 u. 14 June 11: Warden Message: The US Embassy distributed a warden message with general security reminders to US citizens in Saudi Arabia. It specifically referenced the 100-minute video posted on 2 June by Al Qaeda calling for extremists to carry out individual “lone-wolf”-styled attacks in western countries, (specifically naming the United States, the UK, and France), and have distributed it widely on jihadist forums and mainstream video sites. The messaged reminded U.S. citizens that publicly available information can be exploited by terrorist groups employing lone-wolf tactics. Unlike other means of acquiring information on a target, such as surveillance, this type of information gathering requires no training. The Internet can be used to ascertain biographical data, pictures, and addresses of U.S. citizens. In addition to company and other websites, social media can disclose damaging information. Biographical data is often easy to find. In addition, posting pictures can identify your frequent destinations and acquaintances through tagging. Many social media users also unknowingly post geotagged photos, revealing the exact locations where the pictures were taken. U.S. citizens should remain cautious and vigilant about personal information that is shared publicly, in the best interest of personal security. v. 14 June 11: Militants Linked To Al-Qaeda Emboldened In Yemen: Islamist extremists, many suspected of links to al-Qaeda, are engaged in an intensifying struggle against government forces for control of southern Yemen, taking advantage of a growing power vacuum to create a stronghold near vital oil-shipping lanes, said residents and Yemeni and U.S. officials. Over the past few weeks, the militants have swiftly taken over two towns, including Zinjibar, the capital of Abyan province, and surrounding areas and appear to be pushing farther south, said Yemeni security officials and residents. Increasingly, it appears as if al-Qaeda’s regional affiliate is seeking for the first time to grab and hold large swaths of territory, adding a dangerous dimension to Yemen’s crisis. U.S. and Yemeni officials worry that a loss of government control in the south could further destabilize this strategic Middle Eastern nation, already gripped by political paralysis, violent conflicts and fears of collapse. w. 15 June 11: CIA Preparing Secret Drone Strikes in Yemen: The Central Intelligence Agency is planning to use armed drones to target Al Qaeda militants in Yemen, where growing instability poses a national security threat. A U.S. official confirmed to Fox News that the secret plan has been in the works for months, as leaders have eyed the power vacuum left by anti-government protests and an assassination attempt on Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh. While the U.S. has conducted military strikes with Yemen’s permission since 2009, the CIA has different legal restrictions that allow the agency to conduct operations even if Saleh reverses past approval or leaves power, The Wall Street Journal reported. Additionally, CIA drones use smaller warheads, which officials hope will lower the risk of civilian deaths and anti-American backlash in Yemen, the newspaper said. In the wake of the killing of Al Qaeda leader Usama bin Laden, jihadists have moved from other safe havens to Yemen. Al Qaeda leadership in the country is viewed as “the trifecta,” as it includes American cleric Anwar Al-Awlaki, a former protégé of bin Laden and a former Guantanamo Bay detainee. The decision to carry out strikes with or without Saleh’s approval shows that Al Qaeda activity in Yemen is a growing concern that could even eclipse the militant threat of other regions. Saleh was critically wounded earlier this month after an attack on the presidential palace and is currently in Saudi Arabia for treatment. 8 x. 16 June 11: Yemen Peace Efforts to Continue: GCC: The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) will continue its efforts to find a peaceful solution to the Yemen crisis, said Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed Al-Nahyan, foreign minister of the United Arab Emirates. “We are concerned over the unstable situation in Yemen … together we have made big efforts to reconcile between the two sides and will continue our efforts in this respect,” he said. Addressing a meeting of the GCC Ministerial Council at the Conference Palace in Jeddah, he said the meeting would discuss a number of important subjects including expansion of its membership. “We follow the strategic vision presented by Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah that aims at visualizing the future and making preparations for the requirements of the future,” he said. Sheikh Abdullah, who is the current president of the ministerial council, highlighted the delicate regional and international situation, adding that it required more consultation and coordination among member countries. y. 17 June 11: Yemen Gunmen Stage More Attacks, Saudi Oil Arrives: Masked gunmen attacked buildings in Masameer in southern Yemen, the latest of a wave of militant attacks in the region, as the first shipment of Saudi-donated oil arrived in the impoverished, restive state. The gift of crude underlined how fearful oil giant Saudi Arabia is that a bloody political crisis will tip its poor southern neighbor into chaos and give militants a foothold next to oil shipping routes. The attackers, whom Yemen's army called al Qaeda members, briefly took over a security headquarters and government in the Masameer district, residents told Reuters by telephone. "There was a long battle with the security forces," one resident said. The gunmen retreated after using up their ammunition, the resident said. z. 17 June 11: Al-Qaeda Says Al-Zawahri Has Succeeded Bin Laden: Al-Qaida has selected its longtime No. 2 to succeed Osama Bin Laden following last month’s US commando raid that killed the terror leader, according to a statement posted on a website affiliated with the network. Ayman Al-Zawahri, who will turn 60 next week, is believed to be operating from somewhere near the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. He is the son of an upper middle class Egyptian family of doctors and scholars. His father was a pharmacology professor at Cairo University’s medical school and his grandfather was the grand imam of Al-Azhar University, a premier center of religious study. In a videotaped eulogy released earlier this month, Al-Zawahri warned that America faces not individual terrorists or groups but an international community of Muslims that seek to destroy it and its allies. aa. 24 June 11: Ahmadinejad: Iran Not Afraid of Making Nuclear Weapon: Iran's president says his country isn't afraid of making a nuclear weapon but doesn't intend to do so. Iranian state television on Thursday quoted President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad as saying: "If we do want to make a bomb, we are not afraid of anybody." Iran has long insisted that its nuclear programs are peaceful and meant only to generate power for a future nuclear reactor network. But the U.N. Security Council has passed four sets of sanctions against Iran for refusing to freeze activities that could be used in a weapons program. The U.N. says Iran also blocked an IAEA probe into allegations of secret experiments that could reflect attempts to develop an arms program. bb. 26 June 11: Dozens March For Freedom In Saudi Arabia: Dozens of people wearing white shrouds have staged a peaceful march in the oil-producing region of eastern Saudi
9 Arabia, demanding basic rights and the release of prisoners, according to a video posted on YouTube. The video recording, dated June 24, showed some 30 men, many in Western clothes, marching with white shrouds that symbolize willingness to die as martyrs, in the mainly Shiite city of Qatif. It was not immediately possible to verify the authenticity of the recording, but Shiites have often held small protests in the area. A Saudi Interior Ministry spokesman said he was not aware of the report but would check with local police. cc. 27 June 11: Saudi Trial Opens For 85 Suspected Al-Qaida Agents: Saudi Arabia's state news agency says 85 suspected members of al-Qaida accused of taking part in a deadly 2003 terrorist attack have gone on trial in a Riyadh court. The SPA news agency says some of the defendants were charged with carrying out car bombings on three Riyadh housing compounds for foreigners that killed more than 30 people. Others were charged with attacking security forces, weapons possession, bomb making and armed robbery. SPA did not say when the men were arrested or why they facing trial now, eight years after the attacks. However, it claimed their arrest had foiled several plots to bomb two air bases and residential compounds in the eastern region. It said security forces had confiscated videos documenting some of the defendants' operations. 3. Other Security Related Items: a. 28 May 11: Saudi Beheads Sudanese For Murder: Saudi Arabia beheaded a Sudanese man convicted of murdering a compatriot in the capital Riyadh, the interior ministry announced. Sadiq Abdel Mullah was sentenced to death for the fatal stabbing of Ahmed Mohammed, it said, quoted by the state-run news agency SPA. His beheading raised to 22 the number of people executed in Saudi Arabia this year, according to an AFP count. In 2010, 27 executions were reported in the oil-rich kingdom, down from 67 in 2009 and 102 in 2008. Rape, murder, apostasy, armed robbery and drug trafficking are all punishable by death under the conservative Muslim kingdom's strict interpretation of Islamic sharia law. b. 29 May 11: Security Officer Dies In Shootout: A security officer was killed and another injured in a shootout near King Abdullah Stadium in Buraidah. Medical sources said one official was rushed to King Fahd Specialist Hospital in Buraidah suffering from critical injuries but was pronounced dead on arrival. The second security officer was admitted to the hospital’s intensive care unit. Col. Fahd Al-Habdan, the police spokesman in Buraidah, said the two on-duty officers were shot when their security patrol bus was ambushed. He said the security authorities are investigating the motive for the crime and are trying to track down the perpetrators. The shooters were in a Toyota Hi- Lux vehicle. c. 30 May 11: Jailed Saudi Female Driver Appeals To King: A young Saudi woman detained for more than a week for breaking the ultra-conservative kingdom's ban on women driving has appealed to King Abdullah for her release, her lawyer said. "Manal al-Sharif hopes that the king will order her release and close her file," her lawyer Adnan al-Saleh said. "Her morale is very high, and she is sure of herself," Saleh said, denying reports in various Saudi newspapers that she had collapsed after being detained and expressed regret for breaking the driving ban. Sharif was arrested while driving in the Eastern Province city of Al-Khobar, a day after she posted footage on the video-sharing
10 website YouTube showing her behind the wheel. Although traffic police released her after a few hours, the 32-year-old computer security consultant was later re-apprehended from her home by criminal investigation police, Saleh said, and ordered held for five days. Saudi authorities extended her detention for 10 days, a prison spokesman said. d. 31 May 11: Metro Plan Under Study To Ease Jams In Cities: Minister of Municipal and Rural Affairs Prince Mansour bin Miteb told the members of the Shoura Council that in order to ease the traffic jams, his ministry is currently conducting a major study to find alternate public transport, such as metro trains and luxury coaches in the major cities. Prince Mansour was addressing the Shoura council at its 34th regular session chaired by Abdullah Al-Asheikh. “Improving the public transport system in the cities is a pressing need because of the adverse environmental impact due to pollution arising from traffic congestion,” the minister said, adding that the Kingdom is keen on maintaining cities free of pollution and environmental hazards. He pointed out that instead of forming new cities; it is good to develop towns that are located in the vicinity of major cities. Opening the Sunday's session, Al-Asheikh registered the greetings and good wishes on behalf of the council to Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah who has completed six years of glorious services since his ascent to the throne. Welcoming Prince Miteb, the chairman appreciated the yeomen services rendered by the Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs under the able leadership of Prince Mansour. Speaking on the various projects undertaken by the ministry, Mansour said that he was aware of the delay in the implementation of some projects. He assured that he would take remedial action to accelerate the implementation of these projects geared to provide useful services to the people in suburbs and hamlets. He said projects and necessary funds would be allocated according to the needs of the people considering the size of the population in different places. “The Ministry of Finance would allocate funds for such projects,” he said. Plans are underway, the prince said, for the ministry to organize programs to involve citizens in some of its programs. The ministry is currently seeking the expertise from private sector bodies such as Saudi contractors association, real estate groups, education and training organizations to find out how best citizens could be embraced for various projects of the ministry. Speaking on the experience on the cause and effects of the recent floods in Jeddah and Jazan, the minister said his ministry would not allow people to construct buildings in valleys. Effective measures are being taken to expand the existing drainage system and also to make use of the rainwater in 28 locations in the Kingdom, he said. The prince said the ministry is currently working in partnership with the Saudi Commission of Tourism and Antiquities to preserve the cultural and historical identity of Saudi cities. The ministry has planned a program on environmental sanitation for which an agreement has been reached with a consultant firm, he added. The minister called for constructive suggestions from the Shoura Council on the activities of his ministry. e. 31 May 11: Saudi Arabia Plans Six-Year Cap On Expat Visas: Saudi Arabia will soon put a six-year cap on the residency of foreigners in the country, the labor minister has said. The decision will be part of ten programs the Saudi government is planning to implement in order to regulate the local labor market, Adel Al Faqih said, Saudi daily Al Watan reported. Companies will be given five months after the implementation of the labor reforms program to regularize their situation, the minister said. The reforms will
11 aim at boosting employment opportunities for Saudis and increasing their competitive edge. According to the minister, the reforms will help tackle the black market for employment visas to the rate of 99 per cent. Al Faqih said that the ministry would go ahead with the program and that there would be no leniency in its application. Earlier attempts by the Gulf Cooperation Council labor ministers to impose a cap on the residence of unskilled laborers, mainly from Asia, were foiled by the powerful business communities in the six member countries. According to the latest figures, there are eight million expatriates living in Saudi Arabia, with six million of them working in the private sector. f. 01 June 11: Minister Explains Expat Time-Bar Plan: The Ministry of Labor clarified press reports that quoted Labor Minister Adel Fakieh as saying that the government would not renew iqamas of expatriates who have completed six years in the Kingdom. "What Labor Minister Mr. Adel Fakieh meant by his statement was that the measure would be applied on those foreigners who work for companies in the yellow category," said Hattab Al-Anazi, official spokesman of the ministry. He said that companies in the yellow category that did not fulfill Saudiization conditions, should correct their status in order to get the iqamas of their workers renewed. However, the spokesman emphasized that iqamas of those foreign workers in red category companies would not be renewed at all, irrespective of the years they have spent in the Kingdom. "The new Nitaqat system allows renewal of iqamas without any condition for expatriates who work in companies in the green and excellent category," Al-Anazi told the Saudi Press Agency. He said the new measure would not apply on house servants as their iqamas would be renewed without considering how many years they stayed in the country. "They are not at all linked with the Nitaqat system," he explained. g. 06 June 11: Woman Driver Apologizes To Traffic Police: Wajnat Al-Rahbini, a Saudi female actress who was arrested after driving her car along Jawazat Street in Jeddah expressed regret for her actions and apologized to the Interior Ministry. "I apologize for driving my car while I was aware that this action was against rules and regulations. I regret what I have done and hope that the officials will accept my apology," she said after she was released from detention at Al-Kandara police station, according to local daily Al-Madinah. Al-Rahbini said she was traveling the passport department and the labor office to complete some paperwork concerning her late husband who died about a month ago. "I have no one to complete these procedures for me. My driver has traveled abroad and will not be back before three days. I did not like to sit in the same car with a non-mahram. For these reasons I drove my own car and I am sorry for what I did," she said. Al-Rahbini said someone reported her to the police but when the police arrived she was standing beside the car and was not behind the wheel. " I parked my car near the building of the passport department and the labor office in Al-Kandara district. When I got out of the car, the police were surrounding me. They wrote in their report that when they caught me, I was not actually driving," she said. Al-Rahbini said she was asked to sign a pledge never to do this again and was released without bail. She, however, recalled that this was not the first time she drove her car in Jeddah. h. 08 June 11: Saudi Arabia Bans Veggies from Europe amid E. Coli Scare: Saudi Arabia has temporarily stopped importing vegetables from European countries to prevent entry of agricultural products contaminated by the E. coli virus. Minister of Agriculture
12 Fahd Balghunaim said the import ban comes into effect, adding that it would continue until the source of the virus becomes clear. Jabir Al-Shahri, assistant deputy minister for livestock affairs, said the ban was imposed on the basis of information received from the EU, WHO and the European Center for Disease Control. i. 11 June 11: Six Women Detained In Riyadh For Driving: Authorities detained six women for driving cars in the capital in defiance of laws allowing only male motorists on the kingdom’s roads. Rasha Al-Duwaisi, one of those detained, put the ages of the group at between 21 and 30 and said they had met in a district of Riyadh late in the afternoon to teach each other how to drive using three cars. They were quickly taken to a police station and instructed to summon their male guardians (mahram) to collect them from custody. “It’s not the first time we have done this,” Duwaisi told Reuters by telephone from the station. “It’s my right to drive and my right to know how to drive. I suffer because I can’t drive because I have to rely on a driver that I share with four others.” Many families in Saudi Arabia have at least one driver with an average salary of around 2,000 Saudi riyals ($533) per month. Those who cannot afford this assign a male member of family to drive its women, which often amounts to a time-consuming burden. Traffic police could not immediately be reached for comment on the arrests. j. 15 June 11: Rights Group Urges Bahrain to Stop Military Trials: Human Rights Watch is urging Bahrain to stop special military court proceedings against those arrested during the country's anti-government's protests. Most convictions were for patently political charges such as participating in unauthorized demonstrations and "incitement of hatred against the regime," and resulted in prison sentences ranging from one to five years, the group said. "Bahraini authorities should immediately halt all proceedings before the special military court and free everyone held solely for exercising their rights to free speech and peaceful assembly," the group said in a statement. Those charged with genuine criminal offenses should be tried in an independent civilian court, it said. Bahrain is one of several Middle Eastern and North African countries embroiled in anti- government protests. The ruling royal family -- Sunnis in a majority-Shiite nation accuses protesters of being motivated by sectarian differences and supported by Iran. k. 16 June 11: Saudis Happy over Easing of US Security Checks: A large number of Saudis are keen to cash in on the easing of security checks at US airports by planning their vacation to that country. This has resulted in a huge increase in visa applications to the United States, Gulf News has learnt from the US embassy sources. Many Saudis expressed their happiness over the new scenario. Saudis no longer need to wait for hours at US airports to complete the much criticized "security inspection ordeal." The customs and immigration procedures would take about 20 minutes instead of four to five hours over the past years following the September 11 terror attacks. A source at the Saudi embassy in Washington attributed this positive change to the lifting of the National Security Entry-Exit Registration System (NSEERS). The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) had announced earlier that special registration process was discontinued from April 28. Travelers who registered with NSEERS when they entered the US are not required to register when they depart, the announcement said. l. 18 June 11: Serial Child Rapist Sets Alarm Bells Ringing In Jeddah: An alarming case involving a serial child rapist and kidnapper has raised fear among parents living in the Kingdom. Police recently arrested a man in connection with the series of attacks. He
13 has since been charged with kidnapping and raping 13 girls since 2008. The suspect is a 42-year-old married Saudi schoolteacher with five children. "Saudi Arabia is one of the safest countries and honestly I feel like Jeddah is one of the safest and most peaceful cities compared to what goes on in the Middle East or in big metropolitan cities globally. But recent cases of kidnap and rape have ignited fear in the minds of many parents, including myself," Kholoud Samarji, a 44-year-old mother of two, told Arab News. Many residents believe that most rape cases go unreported because of the belief that such incidents would damage the affected families’ honor. m. 19 June 11: Saudi Arabia Executes Woman For Machete Killing: Saudi Arabia executed an Indonesian woman in Makkah for killing a Saudi woman, the official Saudi Press Agency reported, citing a statement from the Interior Ministry. Ruyati Saruna confessed to killing Khairiyah Majlad with a machete, the news service said. A royal decree was issued for the execution after the conviction was upheld by the court of cassation and the Supreme Court, the news service said. Saudi Arabia, a G-20 member, is an absolute monarchy that adheres to a strict version of Islam. Homosexuality is illegal and the kingdom’s courts often sentence people to death by public beheading for crimes such as rape, murder and drug trafficking. The government of King Abdullah “is keen on the preservation of security,” the news service said, citing the Interior Ministry statement. “Anyone who attacks the secured people and sheds their blood” will be punished according to religious law, it said. Amnesty International on June 10 urged Saudi Arabia to halt the use of the death penalty after a “significant increase” in executions this year. At least 27 people have been executed in the kingdom this year, the same number as for all of 2010, Amnesty said in a statement on its website. Fifteen people were executed in May alone, the London-based rights group said. The number of executions had been declining, dropping to at least 69 people in 2009 from about 102 people the year before and 158 people in 2007, according to Amnesty. n. 21 June 11: Hefty Fines For Losing ID Cards: The Civil Affairs Department announced that it would impose fines of up to SR1,000 for repeated losses of ID and family cards. It added anyone losing their cards should contact the department within 15 days. The department said those who lose their ID and family cards for the first time would be warned and asked to sign a pledge to keep their identification safe and not be negligent. If they lose their cards the second time they will be fined SR100, the third time SR 300 and then SR 1,000 for the fourth and subsequent times. The department, however, said those who lose their ID in fires, accidents, and theft and emergency situations and if they provide authenticated proof from the police would be exempt from fines. Meanwhile, the department’s director of electronic services Turki bin Abdullah Al-Aiyayed said paperwork that amounted to more than a million pieces were electronically processed since the service was introduced last November. He said all customers should register their requests for appointments on the website (moi.gov.sa), specifying the type of service they are seeking. “They will immediately get an automated response telling them the date and hour they should be at the department,” he said. o. 21 June 11: Saudi Women Seeking Right To Drive Appeal to Clinton: A coalition of Saudi activists is asking Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton to get behind its campaign to allow women in the kingdom to drive. In a letter, a group calling itself “Saudi Women for Driving” has appealed to Clinton to issue a public statement
14 supporting the right of Saudi women to drive. The group has also sent a letter to European Union policy chief Catherine Ashton. “We do not make this request lightly, but we believe that you making a public statement of support for Saudi Arabia opening the country’s roads to women would be a game changing moment,” the group wrote. “Secretary Clinton, you are a friend. Indeed, some of us have met you personally during your decades-long journey as a champion of women’s rights all over the world,” the letter continues. “Now, as we build the largest Saudi women’s protest movement in decades, we need your help.” Several dozen women in Saudi Arabia defied the ban on driving after an Internet campaign that has been spread through social media. p. 23 June 11: Suspected Al Qaeda Militants Escape From Yemeni Jail: Dozens of suspected al Qaeda militants escaped from a jail in the Yemeni city of Mukalla, according to a senior security official. CNN could not independently verify that the escapees were members of al Qaeda. A soldier and a prisoner were killed and two soldiers were injured in the incident, said the security official who asked to remain anonymous because he is not authorized to speak to the media. Armed militants began attacking the prison at about 8 a.m. witnesses said. They fired heavy artillery before the escape. Recent clashes in the southern province of Abyan killed seven Yemeni soldiers and 17 militants. The fighting was mainly concentrated in the cities of Zinjibar and Jaar. Government troops have been battling both anti-government tribal forces and Islamic militants, including al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula. The United States has been aiding Yemen's military in its fight against Islamic militants amid fears that al Qaeda is exploiting the political chaos and leadership vacuum engulfing the unstable and impoverished Arabian Peninsula country. Jeffrey Feltman, U.S. assistant secretary for Near Eastern Affairs was scheduled to meet with senior Yemeni officials during a visit to Yemen. Widespread tumult has engulfed Yemen for months, with thousands of demonstrators who oppose the rule of Ali Abdullah Saleh urging the president's departure. Saleh was taken to Saudi Arabia for treatment after injuries suffered in an attack on his compound. Saleh's party said Tuesday that he planned to return to Yemen on Friday. Opposition leaders called news of Saleh's return false rumors. q. 24 June 11: Final-Exit Rumors Deter Foreigners from Traveling: A number of expatriates, especially laborers, drivers, masons and salesmen have said they would cancel their plans to travel home this summer following strong rumors that exit and re- entry visas would be converted into final exit visas at the airports. Though passport officials all over the Kingdom have categorically denied these rumors as baseless and false, many workers are not convinced. Apprehensive of the situation they are demanding a clear-cut clarification of the official position from the Interior Ministry. "We want a clear statement from the Interior Ministry to say these rumors are incorrect," a Bangladeshi expatriate who chose to remain anonymous told Arab News. Some expatriates said the final exits would be given to holders of iqamas (residence permits) with numbers starting with 19. Holders of these iqamas were mostly expatriates who have spent 25 years or more in the Kingdom. r. 24 June 11: Vegetable Peddlers Caught Selling Narcotics, Pimping: Municipality inspectors have caught a number of illegal foreign peddlers selling various kinds of drugs in Makkah. Some were even caught acting as pimps. Their so-called trade of selling fruit and vegetables was exposed as a front for their illegal activities. A committee from the
15 municipality’s department of environmental health recently caught an overstaying Yemeni selling drugs, including amphetamines, hashish and qat. He communicated to his customers using text messages. The unidentified Yemeni was pushing his vegetable cart along the streets of Jarwal district when officials caught him. Upon examining his BlackBerry phone, they discovered messages that revealed he was selling drugs. The messages showed that the suspect was selling four pills of Captagon for SR50, a block of hashish for SR500 and a bundle of qat for SR150. Another foreign peddler who ran a prostitution ring would lure women by selling mobile SIM cards to them. He would sell the cards to them at low prices and then call them later to pimp them out to customers. After they reached an agreement, he would send them to houses of single men and then take a commission from them. The inspectors caught the man in Al-Mansour district. s. 25 June 11: Call for Increased Street Patrols To Stop Abductions: Human rights officials and social workers have called for increased police patrols to prevent abductions and other crimes. They also called for a review of laws to ensure speedy trials of suspected rapists. “About 200 cases of child rape are reported annually from the Saudi capital,” said Dr. Hussein Bahashwan, an official of Riyadh's health department. “Child rape is, of course, one of those horrible new crimes that Saudi society is facing,” Saleh Al-Khathlan, deputy chief of the National Society for Human Rights (NSHR) in Riyadh, said. “The way to minimize and possibly eradicate incidents of rape and sexual abuse is to apply severe and prompt punishments.” Al-Khathlan also called on parents to be aware of the tricks used by people to lure underage boys and girls so they can sexually abuse them. “Parents must be educated on how to protect their kids,” said the NSHR official. Domestic violence, including child rape and abuse, accounts for 22 percent of 5,600 domestic abuse cases reviewed by the NSHR annually. t. 28 June 11: Indonesian Maid Saved From Execution: The Indonesian government has paid SR2 million in blood money to save the life of an Indonesian maid on death row in Riyadh for killing her Yemeni employer in 2009. Indonesia’s Foreign Affairs Ministry sent the money to its embassy in Riyadh to secure the release of Darsem binti Dawud. “The compensation was paid by two officers of the Indonesian Embassy to a panel at the Riyadh governorate dealing with the case,” said Hendrar Pramutyo, an official of the embassy’s Citizen Protection Wing, on Saturday. “The payment of blood money is an expression of the Indonesian government’s commitment to protect its overseas workers at any cost.” He said the Riyadh court had already decided to release the maid, who is currently languishing in the Malaz Jail. “I am hopeful that the maid will be released shortly,” said the embassy official. Dawud is a migrant worker hailing from the city of Subang in Indonesia’s West Java province. She was convicted by a Riyadh court in May 2009. The court sentenced her to death by beheading. The maid has always maintained her employer tried to rape her and she was acting in self-defense, according to reports published in a section of the Indonesian media Saturday. In January the employer's family agreed to forgive Dawud if they were paid the compensation by July this year. u. 28 June 11: Iran Unveils New Underground Missile Silo: Iran's Revolutionary Guards unveiled an "underground missile silo" which the elite force said will allow them to launch the country's long-range ballistic missiles, state television reported. The television showed images of a facility at an unknown location, with an "underground missile silo" holding a projectile described as a Shahab-3. "The technology to build these
16 silos is completely indigenous," its website quoted Colonel Asghar Ghelich-Khani as saying. The unveiling came as the Guards began on Monday a military exercise, codenamed Great Prophet-6, which was to include the launching of different range ballistic missiles. State television also showed a missile launch, without specifying its type or when the firing had taken place. With a range of nearly 2,000 kilometers (1,240 miles), the Shahab-3 is a liquid-fueled missile which can theoretically reach Israeli territories. In recent years, Iran has tested a dozen of these missiles, which are believed to have been derived from the North Korean No-Dong missile. The Islamic republic says the latest exercise would carry "a message of peace and friendship to the countries of the region." 4. Conclusions. Of concern this month looking forward is discerning what impact if any the 2 June Al Qaeda video will have and what it means in the broad context of the war on terror. Probably giving impetus to the decision for release of the US Embassy warden message on 14 June was that in the aftermath of the Al Qaeda video web chat media was rife with postings identifying and naming US international companies for attack and calls for identification of executives of these companies as potential targets. Calling for lone wolf attacks is not new. These kind of attacks can be relatively easy to execute and difficult to prevent. On the one hand this poses a significant challenge to security forces, but on the other hand is a move away from previous Al Qaeda emphasis on training Jihadists and meticulously planning larger scale operations. Time will tell what impact these calls for lone wolf attacks have. Specifically in the Kingdom, the Saudi government emphasis on Localization/Saudiization is good for the Kingdom in the context of the intended increase in job opportunities for Saudis especially on the large percentage of young unemployed males. However, it could negatively impact on the security situation. Many security companies in the Kingdom employ a large percentage of expatriate security officers. Clearly there are not nearly enough Saudis trained for duties as security officers to adequately fill the needs that would exist if expatriate security officers were terminated from their emplacement. In the region the situations in Bahrain and Yemen will continue to be of particular interest to monitor and gauge possible impact on the Kingdom.
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