Chapter 5: Creating the Constitution (1781-1789)

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Chapter 5: Creating the Constitution (1781-1789) Section 1: A Confederation of States Early State Governments Define: republic- governments in which the people elect their representatives

What were the different points of view of the Patriots when it came to designing the new republic? 1.some wanted more power in the hands of the people

2.some distrusted the ability of common people and wanted to preserve colonial institutions

Why did some states favor a unicameral legislature? They wanted greater rights for the people

How did a bicameral legislature balance the demands of all classes of society? It counterbalanced the power of the common voters in the House with the power of wealthy, well educated gentlemen in the Senate

What did John Adams warn about allowing poor men the right to vote? He said it would it was foolish and unworkable, destroying all distinctions among people What was one basic qualification that free men had to meet to vote? They had to own land Congress Creates the Articles of Confederation When were the Articles of Confederation drawn up?1777 What did the Articles see as a threat? The centralized power of the British Empire How was the structure of the Federal government different from today? It had a congress chosen by state legislatures, each state had a single vote (no matter how large or small). There was no President or executive branch, instead using committees

What powers were given to Congress? 1.declare and conduct war and negotiate peace 2.regulate foreign affairs 3.administer relations with Indian nations When were the Articles ratified?1781 Congress Creates a Plan for Western Lands Where was the Northwest Territory?north of the Ohio River and west of Pennsylvania to the Mississippi River Why did the federal government need to regulate frontier settlement?To keep the Union from collapsing. The U.S. couldn’t afford to fight wars provoked by unregulated settlement

Under the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, when could a territory create an elected assembly? When the territory had 5,000 men

When could a territory request admission to the United States?When the population of the territory reached 60,000 people What states formed the Northwest Territory?Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota

What activity did the Northwest Ordinance prevent? How do you think this may have affected the U.S. later on?Slavery. This set a precedent that scared southern states since they wanted to expand slavery into the territories. It would create conflict between the North and South later on. Conflicts with Spain and Britain Why did the Spanish dislike American independence?They distrusted American expansion westward, fearing it threatened their colonies of Louisiana and Mexico. What did Britain do that angered many Americans after the Revolution?The U.S. could only trade with Britain under conditions that favored Britain, they kept frontier forts on the American side of the boundary. Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation What were two weaknesses of the Articles? 1.Congress could not collect taxes 2.There was no federal army.

Why were many farmers suffering after the Revolution? Trading slowed down, farmers couldn’t afford goods because of high prices, high taxes by states trying to pay of Revolutionary War debt

Define: Shay’s Rebellion farmers rebellion led by Daniel Shays against higher taxes in Massachusetts