Mix and Flow of Matter Review for Final Exam –

Look through the headings/sub headings, bolded words in the unit

1. Give 3 examples of a solid, liquid and a gas a. Solids: ice, butter, rock b. Liquids: water, oil, vinegar c. Gasses: clouds, air, air freshener

2. What is the definition of solubility? a. The mass of solute that can be dissolved in a certain amount of solvent at a given temperature

3. Baking soda has a maximum solubility of 6.9 g/100mL water (this is the same as 6.9 g/100g). What is its solubility in 50 mL (g) of water? 3.45g/50mL

4. In a sample of sea water there is 3.7 g of salt in 100 mL (g). How much salt is there in 50 mL (g) of this same sea water? 1.85g / 50mL

5. What is the definition of a supersaturated solution? A solution that contains more solute than it normally would at a certain temperature

6. Draw all the WHMIS symbols and give their meanings

7. What is the effect of salt on the density of water? Salt increases the density of water

8. What is effect of salt on the buoyant force of water? Salt increase the buoyant force that water would exert on an object (allow objects to float easier with salt in it)

9. As density of a fluid increases, buoyant force ______(increases or decreases) 10. Describe how you would separate a heterogeneous mixture to end up with a solution. Use these words: heterogeneous mixture, larger pieces, settling, filtration, filter paper, funnel, flask, residue, filtrate, solution. Use a picture to show what you would do.

When separating a heterogeneous mixture, you can use several different methods. Sometimes, you simply allow the part to settle out. Another strategy is to use filtration – you set up a funnel and place filter paper inside of it. The filter paper holds the larger particles back which is now called residue. The substance that flows through the filter paper into a flask is called the filtrate. This still could be a solution (a mixture that appears to be pure)

11. The viscosity of a liquid ______(increases or decreases) as it is heated and ______(increases or decreases) as it is cooled, but the viscosity of a gas ______(increases or decreases) as it is heated and ______(increases or decreases) as it is cooled.

12. As viscosity increases, flow rate (speed of flowing) ______(increases or decreases).

13. What is the definition of density? The amount of mass in a certain amount of volume

14. For substance A to float in substance B, the density of substance A must be ______(greater or less than) substance B.

15. For substance A to sink in substance B, the density of substance A must be ______(greater or less than) substance B.

16. Why are gases more compressible than liquids? There are larger spaces between the particles

17. What effect does surface area have on pressure? The larger the surface area, the less the pressure

18. If you increase surface area and keep force the same, pressure ______(increases or decreases)

19. If you decrease surface area and keep force the same, pressure ______(increases or decreases) 20. What is the definition of hydraulics? The study of pressure in liquids

21. This is a picture of a hydrometer – a device that measures the density of fluids. Label the picture with arrows showing the direction of the buoyant force of the fluid in the cylinder on the hydrometer. Draw another picture showing the new position of the hydrometer if it were placed in a fluid that was more dense than the original fluid (it will be higher up or lower down than the original hydrometer)