Chapter 1: the Legacy of the Ancient World

Chapter 1: The Legacy of the Ancient World Section 3: Rome and the Rise of Christianity

I. The Roman State

1. Roman History is the story of the Romans and it was the conquest of the Mediterranean world the Roman pane that lasted. 2. Early Rome war divided into two groups the wealthy were patricians and the low class were plebeians larger group Rome over through the last king and gave everyone the right to vote but only patricians can be elected. 3. The chief officers of the Roman Republic were the consult and praetors. Two consuls were chosen each year the run the government and lead the roman army. 4. The Roman Senate came to hold on especially important position in the Roman Republic, by the third century B.C.E. it had the force of law, because of a select group of 300 landowners. 5. The Roman Republic had several assemblies, the most important was the centuriate assembly, which elected chief officials like consuls, praetors, and passed laws; it was organized by wealthy citizens. 6. In the early Roman Republic, the two orders often had conflicts because plebeians were looked down upon; plebeians felt that they deserved both social and political equality with patricians. 7. The struggle between the two groups dragged on for hundreds of years, but by the fourth century B.C.E. plebeians were permitted to become consults and in 287 B.C.E. the council of the plebs had rights to pass laws for all Romans. 8. In Rome, it was said the roman citizens were under the law in 287 B.C.E. but they are actually wealthy. 9. During 450 B.C.E. in Rome, the Roman people where introduced to the twelve tables a set of laws. 10. In Rome, at around 450 B.C.E., Romans created civil law only for Romans called the Law of Nations. 11. Romans were guilty until proven other wise in Rome. This is how justice was brought in the 450 B.C.E.

II. The Influence of the Roman Empire

1. 1st century A.D Rome became an Empire 509 B.C264 B.C. Rome expanded and controlled most of Italy, 264B.C133B.C It expanded west and east and then became masters of the Mediterranean sea. 2. Between 14 A.D180 A.D the Roman Empire experience a period of peace and prosperity, which was known as the Pax Romana. This happen when Augustus created a new order that began the Roman Empire 3. Roman Influence on western civilization was strong, talent for practical administration was develop to a high level because of their need to rule such a vast Empire. 4. Educated citizens in the Empire, Gaul, Spain, and other areas 5. People looked to Roman law for a basic principle for justice, so they can stand in order in their society 6. The birth and expansion of Christianity occurred within the Roman Empire in A.D 200 7. After A.D. 200, Goths, Visigoths, Vandals, and other Germanic tribes beyond the Rhine and Danube frontiers threatened the Empire and then the tribes pressed south looking for land and they succeeded in A.D 476.

III. The Development of Christianity

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